Suchergebnisse

Автор статті виявляє особливості розвитку системи вищої педагогічної освіти в Україні після Другої світової війни. Аналізує джерельну базу дослідження. Визначає форми навчання. Окрема увага приділяється особливостям заочної форми підготовки фахівців. Розглядається реорганізація вищої педагогічної освіти й через створення нових навчальних планів. Описується стан підготовки наукових кадрів і шляхи розв'язання цього питання. Визначаються також і негативні тенденції означеного періоду. ; The author of the article exposes the features of development of the system of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine after the Second World War. The author analyses the historical sources and determines teaching forms. The features of extra-mural form of preparation of the specialists are defined. It was advantageous to develop the extra-mural form of teaching for the state. After the Second World War the interest of the Soviet government in the development of higher pedagogical education increased greatly. One of the priorities was to increase the number of the specialists. One means of increasing the number of highly qualified professionals are correspondence, which primarily was to cover already employed teachers. The achievement of such results was possible due to complex policy of the state. The question of reorganization of higher pedagogical education is examined through creation of new curricula. The special commissions were created for the development of curricula in the Department of higher education of the USSR. The commissions consisted of the best scientific institutes and universities. Scientific and Methodological Council attracted to working out new curricula many experienced teachers and university scientists. Developing new curricula, methodological council determined primarily required amount of expertise and, depending on the requirements, defined in this general training future specialists specific speciality. This made it possible to eliminate some of the old and create new skills and expertise. In developing the new curriculum the main attention was paid to ensure that future specialist should know the scientific principles of their profession. It enabled to open new specialties and specializations. The changes in educational programs focused on expanding vocational educational training of future teachers, namely increased the number of hours, theoretical courses in psychology, pedagogy, methodologies, all of which are trying to link with practice in schools. But at the same time ideological and politicized educational work of universities USSR strengthened greatly. Ideological and patriotic education often substitute training of the students. The common thread in the post-war social policy was that the government took the struggle against cosmopolitanism, which has left its mark on the development of higher education in Ukraine.

Автором статті визначено особливості розвитку системи вищої педагогічної освіти за часів Директорії УНР. Проаналізовано джерельну базу дослідження. Визначено види та типи навчальних закладів, які готували майбутніх учителів історії. А саме: створення народних університетів, відкриття вчительських інститутів у Житомирі, Єлисаветграді та Кам'янці-Подільскому, створення семінарії в м. Мерефа на Харківщині та ін. Також розглянуто питання введення українознавчих предметів та особливості нормативно-правової бази пов'язані з цією проблемою. Окрему увагу приділено відкриттю мережі Вищих жіночих курсів та особливостям підготовки майбутніх учительок історії. Виявлено також і негативні тенденції означеного періоду. ; The author of the article determines the features of the development of the system of higher pedagogical historical education in the period of Directory of UPR. An important realm of historical and contemporary educational research is scientific and pedagogical search that covers the study of educational events and facts in higher education Ukraine of historical period UPR Directory. During this period the processes of formation, development and transformation of higher educational of history education in Ukrainian lands were intensive. Thus the study of this question is to determine certain patterns and best practice in training, which once was forgotten and is essential for improving vocational education teacher of modern history. The historical sources are analysed. The kinds and types of educational establishments which prepared the future teachers of history are exposes. During the existence of Directory jointly with Council of Folk Ministers and commission of Labour Congress the row of measures which developed higher pedagogical education on Ukraine was carried out. The settlings of teachers were enhanceable; money was selected on the improvement of material and technical base of higher educational establishments. The prosecution of improvement of on-line tutorials proceeded. In this historical period the network of educational establishments was created for preparations of pedagogical staff in the regions of UPR. Much attention guidance of Directory UPR devoted to opening the Higher womanish courses and preparation of the future teachers of history. On January, 26 and April, 4, 1919 there was a set to the work teaching institute in Zhitomir, Elizavetgrad and Kam'yanets-Podolski. The seminaries were opened. The following document was issued «Declaration about single labour school» which had a very important role. The basic requirements to professional preparation of a future teacher were determined. The features of activity of the educational system were formulated in the documents: all citizens have a right to free lower, middle and higher education and providing needments, including by textbooks; society character of education. It was assumed that single education would have three stages: a lower initial school, a higher initial school; college or special education. After finishing college it was possible to get higher education. The reforms of higher pedagogical education, planned by Directory, were interrupted by the different factors: a resistance of population, a lack of money, a military conflict, political, economic and social crisis. The author of the article exposes the further ways of scientific study of this problem.