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В статье ставится задача реконструкции доминантных черт восприятия окружающей действительности в традиционной народно-речевой культуре. Анализируются лексикон, спонтанная устная речь и метатексты сибирской крестьянки В.П. Вершининой. Выявлены такие особенности мировидения диалектоносителя, как антропоцентричность, приоритет личного опыта, опирающегося на сенсорные впечатления, по отношению к логическим умозаключениям, конкретность, образность и оценочность. Соотнесенность этих характеристик с наблюдениями и выводами диалектологов, изучающих русские говоры и речь отдельных говорящих, позволяет считать их типологическими для диалектной языковой личности. ; Worldview is seen as a set of attitudes of society and its individuals which determines reality perception patterns. Reconstruction of mental traits of a dialect speaker was based on the analysis of an idiolexicon, spontaneous texts and metatexts of a particular representative of the Siberian old-timer dialect. The vocabulary and the system of figurative means (metaphors, comparisons, phraseologisms) shows the predominance of units connected with the sphere "person", which indicates the anthropocentric view of the world in the folk-speech culture. Its special case is corporeality manifested in the broad use of figurative units with a somatic component. A broad lexical-semantic field of sensory perception and a large group of figurative elements the semantics of which includes perceptual basis prove the priority of personal experience which relies on sensory perception in the knowledge of reality. In the texts of folk-speech culture the truth is only something seen, heard, experienced. Knowledge logically derived from certain assumptions is questioned as unsubstantiated and is accompanied by markers of presumption. Concreteness of reality perception of the dialect speaker is reflected in the asymmetry of concrete and abstract vocabulary, names of physical and psychological characteristics of the person, the prevalence of comparisons of something specific with the specific. The texts present the common themes of morality, politics, history, language through descriptions of the life and deeds of persons of the inner circle, through comments to certain words. The narrative abounds in details: names of real people, reference to their speech, indications of time and space, quantity parameters, etc. The world is perceived through images, which is proved by the abundant lexical-phraseological units, metaphors, hyperboles based on visual or auditory images, the frequency of comparatives reflecting the proposition view of the situation through a number of compared features. The application of reciprocal models with the transfer of human properties on the rest of the world and vice versa, and the use of the same images for the living and the nonliving, human and natural phenomena shows traces of the archaic worldview, in which all aspects of the macrocosm are perceived in their indissoluble unity. On the textual level it is typical to represent a situation by sound and visual images (the story from different persons' view, imitation of speakers' pronunciation, gestures and facial expressions, sounds of living beings and objects), in metatexts it is reproduction of typical sentences with the word. The multiplicity of expressive emotional units with a wide range of connotative meanings, speech genres containing evaluation, and metatexts which assess compliance with the norms of speech proves the evaluative character of the dialect worldview with prevalence of the emotional type of evaluation. The identified features of the Siberian peasant's worldview correlate with the data of dialect dictionaries, corpora of texts of different regions and observations of dialectologists, which allows them to be considered as typological for the dialectal language personality.

Статья посвящена характеристике словарей, отражающих речь конкретных языковых личностей. Рассматриваются проблемы наименования данного класса словарных трудов, выделения их главных типологических свойств и разграничения параметрических признаков, которые составляют специфику идио-лектных словарей либо являются общими для всех видов лексикографической продукции. Классифицируются разновидности словарей, представляющих результаты речевой деятельности конкретного носителя языка, и прогнозируется развитие словаростроения в этой сфере. ; The rapid development of dictionary compiling and the increase of lexicographical sources reflecting speeches of certain individuals raises the issue of naming this type of dictionaries, its essential features, and place in the typology of dictionaries and other similar works. The most suitable name for the given dictionary type may be the ''idiolect dictionary'': it has the broadest semantics; it satisfies the requirements for the term of brevity and consistency; it has a transparent inner form; it has long been used when classifying dialect dictionaries; recently it has entered the general typology of the Russian linguistic dictionaries. The sub-types of the idiolect dictionary are author's dictionaries (those representing the written speech of certain artists), writer's language dictionaries (a kind of author's dictionaries), and dictionaries of common speakers. The main typological feature distinguishing the idiolect dictionary from other types is the object of description — the speech of a certain individual. The features of idiolect dictionaries result from such parameters as the object and the subject of lexicographical description, as well as the scope of individual discourse analysis. By the parameter of the object of description all idiolect dictionaries represent the microsytem of individual speech, not the common language system. The possible types depend on the object of lexicographical description, which simultaneously is the speech producer. So far the dictionaries based on artists' speech (mostly writers, sometimes politicians and scholars) prevail. The number of dialect speaker dictionaries increases. There are dictionaries of language personalities of the past and of the present. By the scope of individual discourse analysis there are complete dictionaries describing all kinds of individual's speech, and incomplete — describing particular speech types and / or genres. Most of the existing dictionaries analyse the written literary speech of a particular person (the whole or parts of it); still, there are dictionaries of oral speech in its dialect form. The subjects of description can be diverse: there are general and aspect explanatory, figurative means, author's neologisms and idioms, frequency, ideographic, and other dictionaries. Classification of idiolect dictionaries according to other criteria (units of description, their arrangement, material selection, number of languages, target reader, etc.) is similar to the general typology of linguistic dictionaries. Further development of this field is in compiling new idiolect dictionaries, and creating their new types.