Suchergebnisse

В статье рассмотрен вопрос принципов лесного права в советском законодательстве. Доказано наличие двойных стандартов в их закреплении. Декларируемые принципы советского лесного права были направлены на сохранение лесов и их доступность для всех слоев населения. На практике происходило закрепление принципов, направленных на уничтожение лесов с целью обеспечения строительства социализма. ; The problems of establishing and implementing the principles of forestry law in Ukraine during the Soviet period, which so far have not found a detailed coverage of modern juridical science. The purpose of this article is to identify by means of formal logic and comparative legal method the consolidation patterns and implementation of these principles. In the field of forestry, the primary document, that formulated principles of forest law is Lenin's Decree "On Forests" 1918, which secured the exclusive state ownership of this natural resource. The presence of double standards in the formal consolidation of the principles of Soviet forestry law is shown. First declarative reflected in the legal documents. Second the real is entrenched at the level of sub-legal acts. Declared principles of Soviet Forest Law were aimed at preserving forests and their accessibility to all segments of the population. Really, the practice of principles consolidation was aimed at the destruction of forests to ensure the construction of socialism. The principles of Soviet forest law were singled out and analyzed: 1) the right of exclusive state ownership to forest resources; 2) the availability of forests for everyone; 3) the principle of sustainable forest management; 4 ) the principle of paid forest use; 5) the principle of permitted use of forests; 6) planned character of forestry; 7) the principle of centralized forest management; 8) legal protection of forests; 9) the principle of the afforestation. Analysis of the implementation of the principles of Soviet forestry law in legal acts and practices of implementation showed their declarative character. In order to identify the real principles of forest law in force in the Soviet state approach, which consists in the derivation of legal principles from the content of legal norms, was implemented. It allowed to establish the actual content of the basic principle of the forestry law the principle of predatory use of forests to build communism.

The article deals with the role and place of legal acts in the system of sources of environmental law, by considering their functions and features. The study of the place and role of normative legal act in the system of sources of law requires consideration of functions because they find their expression of the essence and social significance of this category. These include the following: 1) political, through the adoption of normative legal acts consolidates doctrinal approaches to the decision of environmental tasks; 2) legal establishment is connected with the implementation of specific tasks in the environmental sphere, on the basis of the creation of new legal norms; 3) regulatory is expressed in the establishment of positive rules of conduct, the granting of rights and the assignment of legal obligations to subjects of law; 4) the guard has always occupied a significant place in environmental regulatory acts in times of Kyiv Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Kozatsky-Hetman State, the UNR, the Ukrainian SSR and the independent Ukraine; 5) management was reflected in the creation of a system of organs related to the protection of natural resources, among which was the Regulations on the People's Commissariat of Land Affairs of 1923, the Regulations on All-Ukrainian Forest Management, approved by the Decree of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee in 1927, the Mining Inspection , created on the basis of the Mining Code of the USSR in 1928; 6) informational establishes the main directions of activity on the development of the information sphere in relation to the relations related to the protection, use and reproduction of natural objects; 7) historical and cultural related to the need to raise the level of society's culture, knowledge of history and the role of natural objects in preserving nature; 8) the ideological found in Soviet times by consolidating the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR in 1978, which stated that natural objects are a national property, are only owned by a socialist state and can not be transferred for private use; 9) educational is related to the improvement of the population, especially young people, views on the protection of nature, reflected in various provisions of legal acts. It is shown that in laws adopted in the Soviet and independent Ukraine a significant amount of material was devoted to security and management functions, the tendency of the gradual complication of the structure of legal acts was proved, which changed with time for simpler and more accessible for practical use.An important characteristic of normative legal acts is their features, which allow to characterize in detail the essence of this phenomenon. Among the features include the following: 1) the reflection of public interests; 2) structure, documentary form of consolidation; 3) content; 4) the adoption by the state body, in the prescribed manner; 5) obligatory to perform, 6) it is provided by the system of state guarantees; 7) publication in special editions, operates in time, space and in relation to the circle of persons; 8) presence of legal force. ; В статье рассмотрены роль и место нормативно-правовых актов в системе источников природоохранного права при помощи исследования их функций и признаков. Показано, что в законах, принятых в Советской и независимой Украине, значительный объем материала посвящен охранной и управленческой функциям, доказана тенденция постепенного усложнения структуры нормативно-правовых актов, которая изменилась со временем на более простую и доступную для практического использования. ; У статті розглянуто роль і місце нормативно-правових актів у системі джерел природоохоронного права за допомогою розгляду їхніх функцій та ознак. Показано, що в законах, прийнятих у Радянській та незалежній Україні, значний обсяг матеріалу присвячено охоронній та управлінській функціям, доведено тенденцію поступового ускладнення структури нормативно-правових актів, яка змінилася з часом на більш простішу та доступну для практичного використання.

The article deals with the role and place of legal acts in the system of sources of environmental law, by considering their functions and features. The study of the place and role of normative legal act in the system of sources of law requires consideration of functions because they find their expression of the essence and social significance of this category. These include the following: 1) political, through the adoption of normative legal acts consolidates doctrinal approaches to the decision of environmental tasks; 2) legal establishment is connected with the implementation of specific tasks in the environmental sphere, on the basis of the creation of new legal norms; 3) regulatory is expressed in the establishment of positive rules of conduct, the granting of rights and the assignment of legal obligations to subjects of law; 4) the guard has always occupied a significant place in environmental regulatory acts in times of Kyiv Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Kozatsky-Hetman State, the UNR, the Ukrainian SSR and the independent Ukraine; 5) management was reflected in the creation of a system of organs related to the protection of natural resources, among which was the Regulations on the People's Commissariat of Land Affairs of 1923, the Regulations on All-Ukrainian Forest Management, approved by the Decree of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee in 1927, the Mining Inspection , created on the basis of the Mining Code of the USSR in 1928; 6) informational establishes the main directions of activity on the development of the information sphere in relation to the relations related to the protection, use and reproduction of natural objects; 7) historical and cultural related to the need to raise the level of society's culture, knowledge of history and the role of natural objects in preserving nature; 8) the ideological found in Soviet times by consolidating the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR in 1978, which stated that natural objects are a national property, are only owned by a socialist state and can not be transferred for private use; 9) educational is related to the improvement of the population, especially young people, views on the protection of nature, reflected in various provisions of legal acts. It is shown that in laws adopted in the Soviet and independent Ukraine a significant amount of material was devoted to security and management functions, the tendency of the gradual complication of the structure of legal acts was proved, which changed with time for simpler and more accessible for practical use.An important characteristic of normative legal acts is their features, which allow to characterize in detail the essence of this phenomenon. Among the features include the following: 1) the reflection of public interests; 2) structure, documentary form of consolidation; 3) content; 4) the adoption by the state body, in the prescribed manner; 5) obligatory to perform, 6) it is provided by the system of state guarantees; 7) publication in special editions, operates in time, space and in relation to the circle of persons; 8) presence of legal force. ; В статье рассмотрены роль и место нормативно-правовых актов в системе источников природоохранного права при помощи исследования их функций и признаков. Показано, что в законах, принятых в Советской и независимой Украине, значительный объем материала посвящен охранной и управленческой функциям, доказана тенденция постепенного усложнения структуры нормативно-правовых актов, которая изменилась со временем на более простую и доступную для практического использования. ; У статті розглянуто роль і місце нормативно-правових актів у системі джерел природоохоронного права за допомогою розгляду їхніх функцій та ознак. Показано, що в законах, прийнятих у Радянській та незалежній Україні, значний обсяг матеріалу присвячено охоронній та управлінській функціям, доведено тенденцію поступового ускладнення структури нормативно-правових актів, яка змінилася з часом на більш простішу та доступну для практичного використання.

The article deals with the role and place of legal acts in the system of sources of environmental law, by considering their functions and features. The study of the place and role of normative legal act in the system of sources of law requires consideration of functions because they find their expression of the essence and social significance of this category. These include the following: 1) political, through the adoption of normative legal acts consolidates doctrinal approaches to the decision of environmental tasks; 2) legal establishment is connected with the implementation of specific tasks in the environmental sphere, on the basis of the creation of new legal norms; 3) regulatory is expressed in the establishment of positive rules of conduct, the granting of rights and the assignment of legal obligations to subjects of law; 4) the guard has always occupied a significant place in environmental regulatory acts in times of Kyiv Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Kozatsky-Hetman State, the UNR, the Ukrainian SSR and the independent Ukraine; 5) management was reflected in the creation of a system of organs related to the protection of natural resources, among which was the Regulations on the People's Commissariat of Land Affairs of 1923, the Regulations on All-Ukrainian Forest Management, approved by the Decree of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee in 1927, the Mining Inspection , created on the basis of the Mining Code of the USSR in 1928; 6) informational establishes the main directions of activity on the development of the information sphere in relation to the relations related to the protection, use and reproduction of natural objects; 7) historical and cultural related to the need to raise the level of society's culture, knowledge of history and the role of natural objects in preserving nature; 8) the ideological found in Soviet times by consolidating the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR in 1978, which stated that natural objects are a national property, are only owned by a socialist state and can not be transferred for private use; 9) educational is related to the improvement of the population, especially young people, views on the protection of nature, reflected in various provisions of legal acts. It is shown that in laws adopted in the Soviet and independent Ukraine a significant amount of material was devoted to security and management functions, the tendency of the gradual complication of the structure of legal acts was proved, which changed with time for simpler and more accessible for practical use.An important characteristic of normative legal acts is their features, which allow to characterize in detail the essence of this phenomenon. Among the features include the following: 1) the reflection of public interests; 2) structure, documentary form of consolidation; 3) content; 4) the adoption by the state body, in the prescribed manner; 5) obligatory to perform, 6) it is provided by the system of state guarantees; 7) publication in special editions, operates in time, space and in relation to the circle of persons; 8) presence of legal force. ; В статье рассмотрены роль и место нормативно-правовых актов в системе источников природоохранного права при помощи исследования их функций и признаков. Показано, что в законах, принятых в Советской и независимой Украине, значительный объем материала посвящен охранной и управленческой функциям, доказана тенденция постепенного усложнения структуры нормативно-правовых актов, которая изменилась со временем на более простую и доступную для практического использования. ; У статті розглянуто роль і місце нормативно-правових актів у системі джерел природоохоронного права за допомогою розгляду їхніх функцій та ознак. Показано, що в законах, прийнятих у Радянській та незалежній Україні, значний обсяг матеріалу присвячено охоронній та управлінській функціям, доведено тенденцію поступового ускладнення структури нормативно-правових актів, яка змінилася з часом на більш простішу та доступну для практичного використання.

В статье рассмотрены особенности правового регулирования реформирования и дальнейшего функционирования Главного управления лесного хозяйства и лесозаготовок и регионального управления лесной отраслью Карпатского региона Станиславского Совнархоза. Исследованы основные этапы его реформирования, структура, в Частности, рассмотрены законодательные акты, регламентирующие вопросы управления лесным хозяйством Станиславского экономико-административного района УССР и важная роль региональной лесной инспекции, которая осуществляла контроль за рациональным использованием лесов. Анализируется правовой статус, полномочия и деятельность государственной инспекции лесов Главного Управления лесного хозяйства и лесозаготовок СМ УССР по Станиславской, Черновицкой и Закарпатской областях. С целью поиска оптимальной модели управления лесной отраслью Украины проводится сравнительный анализ деятельности и функций данной структуры и украинской Государственной инспекции по контролю за охраной, защитой, использованием и воспроизведением лесов, которая выполняла инспекторские функции. ; The article describes the legislative acts regulating the issues of forest management Stanislavsky and the importance of the regional forest inspection, which oversaw the management of forests. The article describes the features of the legal regulation reform and the continued functioning of the Main Department of Forestry and logging and management of regional forest industry Carpathian region Stanislavsky economic councils. The basic steps to reform the structure, in particular, considered legislation regulating the issue of forest management Stanislavsky economic-administrative regions of the of the Ukrainian SSR and the importance of the regional forest inspection, which oversaw the management of forests. Analyzes the legal status, powers and activities of the State Inspectorate for Forest General Directorate of Forestry and logging RM Ukrainian SSR by Stanislavsky, Chernivtsi and Transcarpathian regions. In order to find the optimal model forest management branch of Ukraine conducted a comparative analysis of the structure and function of this and the Ukrainian State Inspection for Control over security, protection, use and reproduction of forests, which perform inspection functions