СЛОЖНОСТИ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО РЕГИОНАЛИЗМА НА ПОСТСОВЕТСКОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
Анализируются проблемы интеграционных проектов на постсоветском пространстве. Современная теоретическая школа регионализма предлагает широкий выбор инструментов и методов консолидации регионального пространства на основе изучения многообразия интеграционных проектов. Через переосмысление теоретических подходов к современному интеграционному строительству автор анализирует основные вызовы, стоящие перед Россией в реализации проектов по построению общего регионального пространства. ; The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems of integration initiatives in the post-Soviet space. All projects suggested got under a severe attack of criticism from both Russian international relations experts and foreign observers. The problem of organizational inefficiency and the process of simply replicating treaties and agreements is a matter of concern for Russia due to an obvious risk of recurrence of negative experience that can become an obstacle to its new initiatives, such as the foundation of the Eurasian Economic Union. The contemporary regionalism theory school possesses a vast range of tools for regional space consolidation based on the studies of various integration initiatives. The diversity of approaches demonstrates different ways of regional alliances formation and the pluralism of participation forms for member states. In spite of the undoubted geographical (implying the neighbourhood and common boundaries), economic (implying the necessity to preserve the trade and technological cooperation ties) and cultural (implying the factor of common history, humanitarian cooperation and common values developed through the 70 years of living in the framework of one state) integration premises, the influence of disintegration factors is undeniable as well. The internal disintegration factors for building regionalism in the post-Soviet space include typological differences between the countries, economic disproportions, geopolitical strategy discrepancies, energy rivalry, migration problems, ethnic and territorial conflicts left after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the fact that local political elites stay reluctant in terms of dealing with the problems. Russia also faces the challenge of enduring competition with other regional political and economic actors, primarily with China. China's active role in Central Asia and economic expansion that had already resulted in the transition to yuan payments and transactions poses a serious threat to Russian regionalism building. On the other hand, Russia has always been a traditional political and economic partner for Central Asian states, and there are no signs of breaking these ties in the nearest future. Moreover, Russia can enhance different aspects of its presence in the region by means of common values and cultural unity development. The author analyses the process of how Russia is choosing its way of regional building and what challenges it can face while realizing the common space projects. The analysis also involves the reconsideration of modern theories of regional integration.