Suchergebnisse

The dissolution of the Soviet Union and the emergence of new independent countries in the international arena necessitated conceptual changes in Germany's foreign policy strategy for Central and Eastern Europe in general and Ukraine in particular. Effective cooperation with CEE countries is one of the priorities of German diplomatic relations, as it views these countries as a kind of «junior partners», and a successful example of Germany's Euro- and Euro-Atlantic integration strategy motivates the CEE region to take more active action on the path to European integration. For Ukraine, Germany is one of the key actors in the system of international relations, the «locomotive» of European organizations, on the position of which depends the further European and Euro-Atlantic integration of the Ukrainian state.The article analyzes the evolution of Ukrainian-German relations during Angela Merkel's chancellery, when bilateral interaction was particularly dynamic. At the beginning of her rule, Ukraine was considered by Chancellor Merkel only in the contextof cooperation with the Russian Federation, which was Germany's main economic partner. Merkel's position on fi nding a new formula for German-Ukrainian cooperation within the EU was limited to the European Neighborhood Policy and the Eastern Partnership. At the same time, Ukraine's full membership in the European Union was seen by the German leadership as a hasty step. Russia's annexation of the Crimea in 2014 and the aggression in eastern Ukraine began to dispel German illusions about cooperation with Russia. Support for the separatists in the Donbas has signifi cantly worsened German-Russian relations and at the same time transformed Germany's cooperation with Ukraine. From the very beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian confl ict, Chancellor Angela Merkel has taken a principled position on Russia's aggression, seeking to resolve the conflict in eastern Ukraine, restore stability in the region and promote Ukraine's European integration aspirations. The Ukrainian crisis has played a key role in strengthening Germany's international importance, in particular, making it a leader in the European political arena, turning it into a «middle power» that has consistently defended Ukraine.Keywords: German-Ukrainian interaction, European structures, annexation of Crimea, Russian aggression in the East of Ukraine, European and Euro-Atlantic aspirations. ; Розпад Радянського Союзу та поява на міжнародній арені нових незалежних країн зумовили необхідність концептуальних змін у зовнішньополітичній стратегії ФРН щодо Центрально-Східної Європи загалом і України зокрема. У статті проаналізовано еволюцію українсько-німецьких відносин під час канцлерства Ангели Меркель, коли двостороння взаємодія була особливо динамічною. На початку свого урядування Україна розглядалась Ангелою Меркель винятково у контексті взаємодії з Російською Федерацією, яка була для Німеччини основним економічним партнером. Водночас повноправне членство України у Європейському Союзі розглядалось німецьким керівництвом як передчасний крок. Російська анексія Кримського півострова у 2014 році та агресія на Сході України поклали початок розвіюванню німецьких ілюзій щодо взаємодії з РФ. Підтримка сепаратистів на Донбасі значно погіршила німецько-російські відносини та водночас трансформувала співпрацю ФРН з Україною.З початку російсько-українського конфлікту канцлерка Ангела Меркель зайняла принципову позицію щодо агресії РФ, прагнучи вирішити конфлікт на Сході України, відновити стабільність у регіоні та сприяти українським євроінтеграційним прагненням. Українська криза відіграла основну роль у посиленні міжнародного значення ФРН, зокрема зробила її лідером на європейській політичній арені, перетворивши на «середню силу», яка послідовно захищає Україну.Ключові слова: німецько-українська взаємодія, європейські структури, анексія Криму, російська агресія на Сході України, європейські та євроатлантичні прагнення.

The article is devoted to the actual problems of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine and its consequences.The basic legal acts of the mentioned problem are analyzed, it highlightsthe historiography of the issue of nuclear disarmament, it grounded conclusions about the impossibility of restoring Ukraine's nuclear potential.The process of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine is being explored, besides the article analyzes the events that preceded the process of abandoning nuclear potential, identifies the main causes and consequences of the elimination of Ukraine's nuclear weapons, and determines an alternative to Ukraine. From the very beginning of the existence, the Ukrainian authorities have been pursuing a course of nuclear refusal by the state. Inheriting nuclear weapons and remaining nuclear power, Ukraine would have been tightly tied to the military-industrial complex of the USSR, because nuclear weapons were developed and created beyond its borders. Its control, maintenance and application centers would belocated outside of Ukraine's borders. If Ukraine had left this weapon, our country would continue to be part of this complex, which would mean political, economic, and military ties to Russia. The author indentifies two main reasons for the Ukrainian nuclear establishment's consent to nuclear-free status and it is the fear of political pressure of Russia and the USА, as well as possible international isolation, and an idealistic vision of a future world without nuclear weapons. In recent years, discussions on the issue of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine and the implementation of the Budapest memorandum have intensified in Ukrainian society. The systematic violation of the Russian guarantees assumed by the Budapest memorandum has given rise to an active discussion about the possibility of reinstatement of the nuclear status that became practical after the Ukrainian-Russian conflict over the Tuzla Island in 2003. Cause of the fact that Russia is one of the countries of the Budapest Memorandum, which should guarantee Ukraine's sovereignty and security, doubts were raised about the real effectiveness of this agreement and the fulfillment of its conditions by the participating States. ; Статтю присвячено актуальній проблематиці ядерного роззброєння України та його наслідків. Проаналізовано основні правові акти із зазначеної проблематики, висвітлено історіографію питання, обґрунтовано висновки щодо неможливості відновлення ядерного потенціалу України.

The article is devoted to the actual problems of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine and its consequences.The basic legal acts of the mentioned problem are analyzed, it highlightsthe historiography of the issue of nuclear disarmament, it grounded conclusions about the impossibility of restoring Ukraine's nuclear potential.The process of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine is being explored, besides the article analyzes the events that preceded the process of abandoning nuclear potential, identifies the main causes and consequences of the elimination of Ukraine's nuclear weapons, and determines an alternative to Ukraine. From the very beginning of the existence, the Ukrainian authorities have been pursuing a course of nuclear refusal by the state. Inheriting nuclear weapons and remaining nuclear power, Ukraine would have been tightly tied to the military-industrial complex of the USSR, because nuclear weapons were developed and created beyond its borders. Its control, maintenance and application centers would belocated outside of Ukraine's borders. If Ukraine had left this weapon, our country would continue to be part of this complex, which would mean political, economic, and military ties to Russia. The author indentifies two main reasons for the Ukrainian nuclear establishment's consent to nuclear-free status and it is the fear of political pressure of Russia and the USА, as well as possible international isolation, and an idealistic vision of a future world without nuclear weapons. In recent years, discussions on the issue of nuclear disarmament in Ukraine and the implementation of the Budapest memorandum have intensified in Ukrainian society. The systematic violation of the Russian guarantees assumed by the Budapest memorandum has given rise to an active discussion about the possibility of reinstatement of the nuclear status that became practical after the Ukrainian-Russian conflict over the Tuzla Island in 2003. Cause of the fact that Russia is one of the countries of the Budapest Memorandum, which should guarantee Ukraine's sovereignty and security, doubts were raised about the real effectiveness of this agreement and the fulfillment of its conditions by the participating States. ; Статтю присвячено актуальній проблематиці ядерного роззброєння України та його наслідків. Проаналізовано основні правові акти із зазначеної проблематики, висвітлено історіографію питання, обґрунтовано висновки щодо неможливості відновлення ядерного потенціалу України.