Suchergebnisse

The main problems of conceptualization and the need to rethink the understanding of political space in modern transformation processes are considered. Political space is shown as one of the projections of politics on the relations between different actors about the distribution of power. In this case, the political space acts as a regulator of relations between groups and individuals, the area of interaction of interest groups at the intersection of «horizontal» and «vertical» relations.The transition from the class subjectivity of industrial society to the fragmented declassed subjectivity of post-industrialism and the resulting transformation of power relations justify the need for a new conceptualization of political space. Horizontal models of social communication, emerging in the new conditions, determine the primacy of individuals before the state in implementing institutional change, determining the appropriate parameters of political space and political competition of individuals, their access to political exchanges at different levels. The strengthening of the processes of politicization of the economic and socio-cultural space occurs in crisis situations of the functioning of social systems, which leads to the expansion of the boundaries of the political sphere. In turn, the depoliticization of political processes and phenomena characteristic of the period of stable development of society leads to the limitation of political space. The need to reorganize the space-field requires the expansion of the boundaries of the political world, the emergence of new institutions and organizations.Thus, the new conceptualization of political space arises as a response to the need to maintain control over socio-political processes that cause the effect of emancipation of individuals in a situation of growing uncertainty.Thus, the political space is an open and unstable system, the functioning of which is greatly influenced by external factors.Key words: political space, political process. ; Розглянуто основні проблеми концептуалізації та необхідності переосмислення розуміння політичного простору в умовах сучасних трансформаційних процесів. Політичний простір показано як одну з проекцій політики на відносини, які складаються між різними суб'єктами з приводу розподілу влади. При цьому політичний простір виступає регулятором відносин груп та індивідів, областю взаємодій груп інтересів на перетині «горизонтальних» і «вертикальних» відносин. Він являє собою відкриту і нестійку систему, на функціонування якої великий вплив здійснюють зовнішні фактори.Ключові слова: політичний простір, політичний процес. Рассмотрены основные проблемы концептуализации и необходимости переосмысления понимания политического пространства в условиях современных трансформационных процессов. Политическое пространство рассматривается в качестве одной из проекций политики на отношения, складывающиеся между различными субъектами по поводу распределения власти. При этом политическое пространство выступает регулятором отношений групп и индивидов, областью взаимодействий групп интересов на пересечении «горизонтальных» и «вертикальных» отношений. Оно представляет собой открытую и неустойчивую систему, на функционирование которой большое влияние оказывают внешние факторы.Ключевые слова: политическое пространство, политический процесс. The main problems of conceptualization and the need to rethink the understanding of political space in modern transformation processes are considered. Political space is shown as one of the projections of politics on the relations between different actors about the distribution of power. In this case, the political space acts as a regulator of relations between groups and individuals, the area of interaction of interest groups at the intersection of «horizontal» and «vertical» relations.The transition from the class subjectivity of industrial society to the fragmented declassed subjectivity of post-industrialism and the resulting transformation of power relations justify the need for a new conceptualization of political space. Horizontal models of social communication, emerging in the new conditions, determine the primacy of individuals before the state in implementing institutional change, determining the appropriate parameters of political space and political competition of individuals, their access to political exchanges at different levels. The strengthening of the processes of politicization of the economic and socio-cultural space occurs in crisis situations of the functioning of social systems, which leads to the expansion of the boundaries of the political sphere. In turn, the depoliticization of political processes and phenomena characteristic of the period of stable development of society leads to the limitation of political space. The need to reorganize the space-field requires the expansion of the boundaries of the political world, the emergence of new institutions and organizations.Thus, the new conceptualization of political space arises as a response to the need to maintain control over socio-political processes that cause the effect of emancipation of individuals in a situation of growing uncertainty.Thus, the political space is an open and unstable system, the functioning of which is greatly influenced by external factors.Key words: political space, political process.

The author explores the reasons for the development of authoritarian tendencies in mass political consciousness in modern Russia. It was shown that one of the determining factors in the formation of this consciousness was a crisis of social identity. At the same time, in the very beginning of the existence of the Russian Federation, a well-defined request of the majority of citizens for democratic values was established. The failure to implement them in the process of long-term reforms ordered the emergence of a request for authoritarianism as a way to protect individuals from the tyranny of officials and oligarchs. The mass political consciousness of the Russian Federation during the quarter century of its existence as a state is a mosaic picture, composed of elements of the communist, neo-liberal and national-patriotic ideologies, which are conducting a mutual struggle, pretending to dominate the role in society. As a result of this struggle, none of these ideologies failed to establish in their public consciousness their values and to unite the majority of citizens around them. At the same time, in the mass political consciousness of Russia, the most significant segment represents values orienting to Western standards of life. Therefore, the idea of identity, which implies the priority of state interests over individual freedom, can not consolidate society. At the same time, a democratic idea, which at the beginning of the 1990s played the role of a unifying factor in mass political consciousness, soon ceased to be generally recognized in the context of ineffective socio-economic policies. Institutions of self-government and public opinion in Russia are not developed and are mostly formal. Compensation for the loss of political and national identity has been made through authoritarian power, which performs an important adaptive function. However, this does not mean the refusal of Russian society to expect the realization of democratic rights and freedoms.Key words: mass political consciousness, Russia, authoritarianism. ; Досліджено причини розвитку авторитаристських тенденцій у масовій політичної свідомості в сучасній Росії. Показано, що одним із визначальних чинників формування цієї свідомості стала криза соціальної ідентичності. Разом із тим, іще на початку існування РФ встановився цілком визначений запит основної маси громадян на демократичні цінності. Неспроможність їх реалізувати в процесі тривалих реформ замовила появу запиту на авторитаризм як спосіб захисту особистості від свавілля чиновників і олігархів. Інститути самоврядування і громадської думки в Росії залишилися не розвиненими і носять здебільшого формальний характер. Проте це не означає відмову російського суспільства від очікування реалізації демократичних прав і свобод.Ключові слова: масова політична свідомість, Росія, авторитаризм. Исследованы причины развития авторитаристских тенденций в массовом политическом сознании современной России. Показано, что одним из основных факторов формирования этого сознания стал кризис социальной идентичности. Вместе с тем, еще в начале существования РФ установился вполне определенный запрос основной массы граждан на демократические ценности. Несостоятельность их реализации в процессе длительных реформ обусловила появление запроса на авторитаризм как способ защиты личности от произвола чиновников и олигархов. Институты самоуправления и общественного мнения в России остались не развиты и имеют преимущественно формальный характер. Однако это не означает отказа российского общества от ожидания реализации демократических прав и свобод.Ключевые слова: массовое политическое сознание, Россия, авторитаризм. The author explores the reasons for the development of authoritarian tendencies in mass political consciousness in modern Russia. It was shown that one of the determining factors in the formation of this consciousness was a crisis of social identity. At the same time, in the very beginning of the existence of the Russian Federation, a well-defined request of the majority of citizens for democratic values was established. The failure to implement them in the process of long-term reforms ordered the emergence of a request for authoritarianism as a way to protect individuals from the tyranny of officials and oligarchs. The mass political consciousness of the Russian Federation during the quarter century of its existence as a state is a mosaic picture, composed of elements of the communist, neo-liberal and national-patriotic ideologies, which are conducting a mutual struggle, pretending to dominate the role in society. As a result of this struggle, none of these ideologies failed to establish in their public consciousness their values and to unite the majority of citizens around them. At the same time, in the mass political consciousness of Russia, the most significant segment represents values orienting to Western standards of life. Therefore, the idea of identity, which implies the priority of state interests over individual freedom, can not consolidate society. At the same time, a democratic idea, which at the beginning of the 1990s played the role of a unifying factor in mass political consciousness, soon ceased to be generally recognized in the context of ineffective socio-economic policies. Institutions of self-government and public opinion in Russia are not developed and are mostly formal. Compensation for the loss of political and national identity has been made through authoritarian power, which performs an important adaptive function. However, this does not mean the refusal of Russian society to expect the realization of democratic rights and freedoms.Key words: mass political consciousness, Russia, authoritarianism.