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The purpose of this article is to study the activities of Ivan Mitrofanovich Lutsenko (1863–1919) about his activities, which were aimed at popularizing the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks, the struggle for the spread of the Cossack worldview and spiritual values. I seek to deepen the study of this issue, based on previous research. The corresponding image of I. Lutsenko was reflected in the first essays-memoirs about him, the authors of which were his friends. G. Zlenko, T. Vintskovsky, V. Lobodaev and others wrote about I. Lutsenko as an adherent of the Cossack idea. I. Lutsenko was born in Poltava region in a family that probably had Cossack roots. In 1908, the first Cossack text by I. Lutsenko was published in the Kyiv newspaper Rada, which had not yet been taken into account by his biographers, including us. The Odessa doctor's note was devoted to the issue of P. Polubotko's treasures, which was relevant in Ukraine in the early twentieth century and then in the 1990s. The thesis about the purpose of these treasures caused doubts in I. Lutsenko, but instead he denied the opinion of D. Yavornytsky that this story is a fabrication. The apogee of the realization of these ideas precisely because of the idea of the revival of the Cossack ethos fell on the period of the Great War and the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921. Many sources and memoirs reflect the contribution of I. Lutsenko during the Ukrainian revolution in the formation of detachments of free Cossacks. I. Lutsenko zealously undertook to implement the decision of the General Cossack Council on the organization of free Cossacks, especially in the regions that still "breathed" the Cossack history and traditions: Katerynoslav, Poltava, Kherson. I. Lutsenko founded and headed the section of free Cossacks at the Odesa Ukrainian Military Council. I. Lutsenko's efforts aimed at forming the neo-Cossack idea and movement were also embodied in his writing of a number of articles on relevant topics, which were published in the Odesa editions of 1917–1918. The ...

Метою цієї статті є дослідження участі в українському козацькому русі Володимира Мошинського (1895 – 1988), деякий час представника одеського плацдарму Української революції 1917 – 1921 років, але основний етап життя якого відбувся вже у Північній Америці у другій половині ХХ ст. У постаті В. Мошинського маємо одного з найбільш своєрідних популяризаторів історії українського козацтва, козака-практика та козакамитця, козака-мемуариста, багатий життєвий досвід якого єднав незримими узами Україну та діаспору, сприяв збереженню історичної пам'яті про не найпомітніші та не найпопулярніші сторінки козацької історії. ; The purpose of this article is to study the participation of Volodymyr Moshynsky (1895-1988) in the Ukrainian Cossack movement, who for some time was a representative of the Odessa center of the Ukrainian revolution of 1917-1921, but the main stage of his life took place in North America in the second half of the twentieth century. The article is based on the use of a wide source base of published narrative sources, the most important of which are the memoirs and works of V. Moshinsky. Biographical, prosopographic, historical-genetic methods, as well as a number of generally accepted scientific methods were used to implement the tasks. The historiographical work on the figure of V. Moshinsky is narrow and clearly inadequate to the scale of his activity. It is mentioned in a limited number of publications and sometimes in a false context. V. Moshynsky's articles show that he was fully aware of his Cossack ancestral roots and was proud of them. There was a harmonious connection between the facts of his biography and his interests, as he had to work in the interwar period in the area where his wife's ancestors came from the Danube Cossacks. In October 1917, during a confrontation with the Bolsheviks in Moscow, V. Moshinsky became friends with the Amur Cossacks, who almost persuaded him to go with them to the Far East. V. Moshinsky received scientific information about the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks at lectures of the leading Odessa Cossack scholar M. Slabchenko. The Cossack trace in V. Moshinsky's biography was most clearly reflected in his activity in the Cossack Ukrainian movement in the USA. In the 1970s, he was one of the leaders, clerk, tent of the Ukrainian Free Cossacks in Denver named after the commander, the first knight of the Iron Cross, Colonel-General Mikhail Omelyanovich-Pavlenko. V. Moshynsky received the rank of Cossack lieutenant colonel and later colonel. The main body of the free Cossack movement in the United States was the magazine "Ukrainian Cossacks", published from the late 1960s to the 1980s. V. Moshinsky was mentioned in the pages of this magazine as a donor to its publication, was the author of a number of articles. The magazine covered the artistic activity of V. Moshynsky and his children, with the inclusion of this activity in the Cossack context. In 1974, the magazine published an important and so far unique evidence that the Cossack theme was present in the artist's work - a reproduction of his painting in the mid-1950s "Hetman Mazepa before the Battle of Poltava", kept in Montreal, donated to the Women's Society "Daughters of Ukraine". Thus, in the figure of V. Moshinsky we have one of the most original popularizers of the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks, a Cossackpractitioner and a Cossack-artist, a Cossack-memoirist, whose rich life experience united Ukraine and the diaspora with invisible ties, contributed to the preservation of historical memory not the most popular pages of Cossack history. But these pages are the most important for the modern Odessa region, where the problem of saturation of Bessarabia (as well as Odessa and Odessa region in general) with the Ukrainian worldview and culture is acutely relevant. The author considered the Cossacks within the framework of the national tradition, which combined the features of populist and state historiography, which was a typical feature of the North American Ukrainian historiographical tradition.

The purpose of this article is to study the participation of Volodymyr Moshynsky (1895-1988) in the Ukrainian Cossack movement, who for some time was a representative of the Odessa center of the Ukrainian revolution of 1917-1921, but the main stage of his life took place in North America in the second half of the twentieth century. The article is based on the use of a wide source base of published narrative sources, the most important of which are the memoirs and works of V. Moshinsky. Biographical, prosopographic, historical-genetic methods, as well as a number of generally accepted scientific methods were used to implement the tasks. The historiographical work on the figure of V. Moshinsky is narrow and clearly inadequate to the scale of his activity. It is mentioned in a limited number of publications and sometimes in a false context. V. Moshynsky's articles show that he was fully aware of his Cossack ancestral roots and was proud of them. There was a harmonious connection between the facts of his biography and his interests, as he had to work in the interwar period in the area where his wife's ancestors came from the Danube Cossacks. In October 1917, during a confrontation with the Bolsheviks in Moscow, V. Moshinsky became friends with the Amur Cossacks, who almost persuaded him to go with them to the Far East. V. Moshinsky received scientific information about the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks at lectures of the leading Odessa Cossack scholar M. Slabchenko. The Cossack trace in V. Moshinsky's biography was most clearly reflected in his activity in the Cossack Ukrainian movement in the USA. In the 1970s, he was one of the leaders, clerk, tent of the Ukrainian Free Cossacks in Denver named after the commander, the first knight of the Iron Cross, Colonel-General Mikhail Omelyanovich-Pavlenko. V. Moshynsky received the rank of Cossack lieutenant colonel and later colonel. The main body of the free Cossack movement in the United States was the magazine "Ukrainian Cossacks", published from the late 1960s to ...

Summary. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of the historical memory of the communist genocide of the Western Ukrainian population in the middle of the twentieth centuryоn the territory of the modern southern part of the Ukrainian state. The methodological basis was chosen taking into account the objective and specificity of the object and subject of study. The basis is the system of methods of scientific knowledge: formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) in order to clarify the content of the studied issues; theoretical – for the analysis of scientific literature; method of system analysis – to generalize the features of the historiographical and memorial situation. Problem-chronological, empirical, comparative and source methods are also used. The scientific approach of the publication is the formulation of new provisions on the peculiarities of the memorial situation in the territory of Southern Ukraine in the context of the general situation. Conclusions. The historical memory on the territory of the southern Ukrainian regions of modern Ukraine about the crimes of the Soviet regime against the Western Ukrainian population is only partially formed. It is far from finally inscribed in the crucial contexts of the concepts of occupation and genocide. Today in the territory of Southern Ukraine, the formation of the historical memory of the deportees is the work of a few enthusiasts, which is exacerbated by the general weakness of Ukrainian and pro-Ukrainian forces. In the information field in recent years, the problem of deportations of Western Ukrainians in the second half of the 1940s – early 1950s is obscured by the memory of the deportation of Crimean Tatars in 1944, which has much stronger support at the government level, the problems of modern refugees and migrants from Donbass and Crimea. The problem of acquainting the South Ukrainian population with the events on the territory of Western Ukraine in 1939–1941 and the crimes of the communist punitive bodies against Ukrainians remains very relevant. ; Анотація. Мета дослідження полягає у здійсненні аналізу проблем існування історичної пам՚яті про комуністичний геноцид західноукраїнського населення середини ХХ ст. на території сучасної південної частини Української держави. Методологію дослідження обрано з урахуванням поставленої мети та специфіки об՚єкта і предмета дослідження. Базисом є система методів наукового пізнання: формальної логіки (аналіз, синтез, дедукція, індукція, аналогія, абстрагування) з метою з՚ясування змісту досліджуваних питань; теоретичний – для аналізу наукової літератури; метод системного аналізу – для узагальнення особливостей історіографічної та меморіальної ситуації. Використано також проблемно-хронологічний, емпіричний, порівняльний і джерелознавчий методи. Наукова новизна публікації полягає у формулюванні нових положень щодо особливостей меморіальної ситуації на території Південної України у контексті загальної ситуації. Висновки. Історична пам՚ять на території південноукраїнських областей сучасної України про злочини совєтського режиму проти західноукраїнського населення є тільки частково сформованою. Вона далеко не остаточно вписана у надважливі контексти концептів окупації, геноциду. Сьогодні на території Південної України формування історичної пам՚яті про депортованих є справою нечисленних ентузіастів, що посилюється загальною слабкістю українських та проукраїнських сил. В інформаційному полі останніми роками проблема депортацій західних українців у другій половині 1940 – початку 1950-х рр. затуляється пам՚яттю про депортацію кримських татар 1944 р., що має значно сильнішу підтримку на державному рівні, проблемами сучасних біженців та переселенців з Донбасу і Криму. Залишається дуже актуальною проблема ознайомлення південноукраїнського населення з подіями на території Західної України у 1939–1941 рр., злочинами комуністичних каральних органів проти українців.

Summary. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of the historical memory of the communist genocide of the Western Ukrainian population in the middle of the twentieth centuryоn the territory of the modern southern part of the Ukrainian state. The methodological basis was chosen taking into account the objective and specificity of the object and subject of study. The basis is the system of methods of scientific knowledge: formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) in order to clarify the content of the studied issues; theoretical – for the analysis of scientific literature; method of system analysis – to generalize the features of the historiographical and memorial situation. Problem-chronological, empirical, comparative and source methods are also used. The scientific approach of the publication is the formulation of new provisions on the peculiarities of the memorial situation in the territory of Southern Ukraine in the context of the general situation. Conclusions. The historical memory on the territory of the southern Ukrainian regions of modern Ukraine about the crimes of the Soviet regime against the Western Ukrainian population is only partially formed. It is far from finally inscribed in the crucial contexts of the concepts of occupation and genocide. Today in the territory of Southern Ukraine, the formation of the historical memory of the deportees is the work of a few enthusiasts, which is exacerbated by the general weakness of Ukrainian and pro-Ukrainian forces. In the information field in recent years, the problem of deportations of Western Ukrainians in the second half of the 1940s – early 1950s is obscured by the memory of the deportation of Crimean Tatars in 1944, which has much stronger support at the government level, the problems of modern refugees and migrants from Donbass and Crimea. The problem of acquainting the South Ukrainian population with the events on the territory of Western Ukraine in 1939–1941 and the crimes of the communist punitive bodies against Ukrainians remains very relevant. ; Анотація. Мета дослідження полягає у здійсненні аналізу проблем існування історичної пам՚яті про комуністичний геноцид західноукраїнського населення середини ХХ ст. на території сучасної південної частини Української держави. Методологію дослідження обрано з урахуванням поставленої мети та специфіки об՚єкта і предмета дослідження. Базисом є система методів наукового пізнання: формальної логіки (аналіз, синтез, дедукція, індукція, аналогія, абстрагування) з метою з՚ясування змісту досліджуваних питань; теоретичний – для аналізу наукової літератури; метод системного аналізу – для узагальнення особливостей історіографічної та меморіальної ситуації. Використано також проблемно-хронологічний, емпіричний, порівняльний і джерелознавчий методи. Наукова новизна публікації полягає у формулюванні нових положень щодо особливостей меморіальної ситуації на території Південної України у контексті загальної ситуації. Висновки. Історична пам՚ять на території південноукраїнських областей сучасної України про злочини совєтського режиму проти західноукраїнського населення є тільки частково сформованою. Вона далеко не остаточно вписана у надважливі контексти концептів окупації, геноциду. Сьогодні на території Південної України формування історичної пам՚яті про депортованих є справою нечисленних ентузіастів, що посилюється загальною слабкістю українських та проукраїнських сил. В інформаційному полі останніми роками проблема депортацій західних українців у другій половині 1940 – початку 1950-х рр. затуляється пам՚яттю про депортацію кримських татар 1944 р., що має значно сильнішу підтримку на державному рівні, проблемами сучасних біженців та переселенців з Донбасу і Криму. Залишається дуже актуальною проблема ознайомлення південноукраїнського населення з подіями на території Західної України у 1939–1941 рр., злочинами комуністичних каральних органів проти українців.

Метою цієї статті є дослідження участі в українському козацькому русі Володимира Мошинського (1895 – 1988), деякий час представника одеського плацдарму Української революції 1917 – 1921 років, але основний етап життя якого відбувся вже у Північній Америці у другій половині ХХ ст. У постаті В. Мошинського маємо одного з найбільш своєрідних популяризаторів історії українського козацтва, козака-практика та козакамитця, козака-мемуариста, багатий життєвий досвід якого єднав незримими узами Україну та діаспору, сприяв збереженню історичної пам'яті про не найпомітніші та не найпопулярніші сторінки козацької історії. ; The purpose of this article is to study the participation of Volodymyr Moshynsky (1895-1988) in the Ukrainian Cossack movement, who for some time was a representative of the Odessa center of the Ukrainian revolution of 1917-1921, but the main stage of his life took place in North America in the second half of the twentieth century. The article is based on the use of a wide source base of published narrative sources, the most important of which are the memoirs and works of V. Moshinsky. Biographical, prosopographic, historical-genetic methods, as well as a number of generally accepted scientific methods were used to implement the tasks. The historiographical work on the figure of V. Moshinsky is narrow and clearly inadequate to the scale of his activity. It is mentioned in a limited number of publications and sometimes in a false context. V. Moshynsky's articles show that he was fully aware of his Cossack ancestral roots and was proud of them. There was a harmonious connection between the facts of his biography and his interests, as he had to work in the interwar period in the area where his wife's ancestors came from the Danube Cossacks. In October 1917, during a confrontation with the Bolsheviks in Moscow, V. Moshinsky became friends with the Amur Cossacks, who almost persuaded him to go with them to the Far East. V. Moshinsky received scientific information about the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks at lectures of the leading Odessa Cossack scholar M. Slabchenko. The Cossack trace in V. Moshinsky's biography was most clearly reflected in his activity in the Cossack Ukrainian movement in the USA. In the 1970s, he was one of the leaders, clerk, tent of the Ukrainian Free Cossacks in Denver named after the commander, the first knight of the Iron Cross, Colonel-General Mikhail Omelyanovich-Pavlenko. V. Moshynsky received the rank of Cossack lieutenant colonel and later colonel. The main body of the free Cossack movement in the United States was the magazine "Ukrainian Cossacks", published from the late 1960s to the 1980s. V. Moshinsky was mentioned in the pages of this magazine as a donor to its publication, was the author of a number of articles. The magazine covered the artistic activity of V. Moshynsky and his children, with the inclusion of this activity in the Cossack context. In 1974, the magazine published an important and so far unique evidence that the Cossack theme was present in the artist's work - a reproduction of his painting in the mid-1950s "Hetman Mazepa before the Battle of Poltava", kept in Montreal, donated to the Women's Society "Daughters of Ukraine". Thus, in the figure of V. Moshinsky we have one of the most original popularizers of the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks, a Cossackpractitioner and a Cossack-artist, a Cossack-memoirist, whose rich life experience united Ukraine and the diaspora with invisible ties, contributed to the preservation of historical memory not the most popular pages of Cossack history. But these pages are the most important for the modern Odessa region, where the problem of saturation of Bessarabia (as well as Odessa and Odessa region in general) with the Ukrainian worldview and culture is acutely relevant. The author considered the Cossacks within the framework of the national tradition, which combined the features of populist and state historiography, which was a typical feature of the North American Ukrainian historiographical tradition.

The purpose of this article is to study how officers of the army of the Russian Empire of the Odesa Military District explored and popularized the history of the Cossacks in the early twentieth century. Our task is to establish the circle of these individuals, establish the relevant facts of their biographies, compare views on the Cossacks and approaches to popularizing historical facts, identify the factors that influenced the cognition process, correlate their views with modern approaches and update the experience of history. The interest on the part of the military in the history of the Cossacks was recorded by us in almost all the main centers of the development of historical thought in Ukraine (except Kherson and Elisavetgrad). It is concluded that the attention of military historians was attracted by various Cossack troops, but mainly Ukrainian, Zaporozhye, and Russian, Don. The main motive for the officers to study the history of the Cossacks was not only scientific, but also the task of educating the patriotism of the military. The great historian of the Cossacks, the representative of the neo-romantic, populist movement in the historiography of D.I. Yavornitsky. All authors perceived the various groups of the Cossacks as branches of a single family of Cossacks. But the works of P.N. Andrianova and A.G. Avchinnikov contributed to the formation of the image of the Ukrainian Cossacks as a unique historical phenomenon, which was different from the Russian Cossacks. The texts of the officers expressed a whole range of assessments of the history of the Ukrainian and Russian Cossacks, but apologetization, that is, the protection of Cossacks from a negative historiographic tradition, generally prevailed. The authors made a lot of efforts to combine loyalty to the Romanov dynasty and the freedom-loving Cossack freemen. ; Целью этой статьи является исследование того как офицеры армии Российской империи Одесского военного округа исследовали и популяризировали историю казаков в начале ХХ века. Нашей задачей является установление круга этих лиц, установление соответствующих фактов их биографий, сравнить взгляды на казачество и подходы к популяризации исторических фактов, выявить факторы, которые влияли на процесс познания, соотнести их взгляды с современными подходами и актуализировать опыт истории. Сделан вывод о том, что внимание военных историков привлекли различные казаческие войска, но главным образом, украинское, запорожское, и российское, донское. Основной мотив того, что офицеры изучали историю казаков был не только научный, но и задача воспитания патриотизма у военных. Большое влияние на формирование соответствующего сегмента исторических представлений и на тексты имел выдающийся историк казаков, представитель неоромантического, народнического, течения в историографии Д.И. Яворницкий. Все авторы воспринимали различные группы казачества как ветви единой семьи казаков. Но труды П.Н. Андрианова и А.Г. Авчинникова способствовали формированию образа украинского казачества как уникального исторического явления, который отличался от российских казаков. В текстах офицеров было высказано целый спектр оценок истории украинского и российского казачества, но в целом преобладала апологетизация, то есть защита казаков от негативной историографической традиции. Авторы сделали много усилий, чтобы соединить лояльность к династии Романовых и свободолюбивой казаческой вольницей. ; Метою цієї статті є висвітлення процесу дослідження та популяризації на початку ХХ ст. історії козацьких формувань представниками офіцерського складу армії Російської імперії, які служили у полках, що дислокувалися на території Південної України (Одеська військова округа), або перебували тут у відставці. Нашим завданням є На містити коло цих осіб, встановити відповідні факти їх біографій, порівняти погляди на козацтво та підходи до популяризації історичних фактів, виявити чинники, що впливали на процес пізнання, співвіднести їх погляди з сучасними підходами і загалом актуалізувати тогочасний досвід.

The purpose of this article is to study the phenomenon of celebrating the pedagogical congresses held in southern Ukraine (actually Odesa school district) in the second half of the XIX – early XX century, highlight the historical and methodological issues in the this congresses. Published sources are predominantly published in editions of congresses. Information of interest to us is mainly contained in the sources of the reports - the reports and reports of the companies. Narrative sources, publication of analytical articles about societies in the time magazines and newspapers are an essential addition.Thesis. The main idea of this article is that in the historical and methodological questions did not belong to the leading subjects of occupations of the pedagogical congresses participants on the territory of Southern Ukraine, only after linguistic and natural. This events gave rich material to theorists of pedagogy and officials for further meetings in the Central administrative bodies, the nomination of further reform initiatives. Similar actions for the exchange of views and development of long-term plans were distributed to almost all professional groups. Congresses were a significant factor in the formation of civil society in the Russian Empire and, in particular, in the Dnieper and black sea parts of Ukraine, which were at that time part of this state, significantly increasing its potential.The considerable body of literature dedicated to administration of the educational congresses in the Russian Empire and on the territory of Ukraine.However, historians of education only very casually mentioned the considerations for the development of historical education, which was one of the many issues discussed by the participants of the congresses. The purpose of this article is to highlight the historical and methodological issues in the pedagogical congresses held in southern Ukraine (actually Odessa school district) in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The sources of our research are mainly Assembly materials – reports, protocols, proceedings of congresses. We also rely on press reports.At the same time, it cannot be said that these issues are ignored. The work of the congresses was revived by the participation of professors in their work. This indicates a close relationship between all levels of education in the educational system of the Russian Empire, which is confirmed by many other data. The merit of the participants of the congresses is the emphasis on the need to ensure interdisciplinary connections, visibility, dissemination of the excursion method. The documents show the existence of both trends towards the democratization of education and the preservation of conservative approaches. If within the first approach the independent work of students, the formulation of their own conclusions were encouraged, as within the second, which should be recognized throughout the period of dominance, the teacher was considered as a carrier of truth and a set of facts that he should broadcast to students. In the context of methodological issues there were discussions of purely historical aspects, historical assessments, a set of outstanding dates and figures, about which the teacher had to tell for a limited time. The materials of the congresses held in the South Ukraine cities testify to the natural desire of some people to take into account local peculiarities and opportunities. All the issues that were discussed by the participants of the congresses are still relevant. The rich historical experience can be quite useful during the solution of modern pedagogical problems and formulation of new perspective problems. ; Метою нашої статті є висвітлення історико-методичної проблематики у роботі педагогічних з'їздів, що відбулися на території Південної України (Одеської навчальної округи) у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Зроблено висновок, що заслугою учасників з'їздів є наголос на необхідності забезпечення міждисциплінарних зв'язків, наочності, поширенні екскурсійного методу. Документи свідчать про існування як тенденцій до демократизації освіти, так і збереження консервативних підходів.

The purpose of this article is to study how officers of the army of the Russian Empire of the Odesa Military District explored and popularized the history of the Cossacks in the early twentieth century. Our task is to establish the circle of these individuals, establish the relevant facts of their biographies, compare views on the Cossacks and approaches to popularizing historical facts, identify the factors that influenced the cognition process, correlate their views with modern approaches and update the experience of history. The interest on the part of the military in the history of the Cossacks was recorded by us in almost all the main centers of the development of historical thought in Ukraine (except Kherson and Elisavetgrad). It is concluded that the attention of military historians was attracted by various Cossack troops, but mainly Ukrainian, Zaporozhye, and Russian, Don. The main motive for the officers to study the history of the Cossacks was not only scientific, but also the task of educating the patriotism of the military. The great historian of the Cossacks, the representative of the neo-romantic, populist movement in the historiography of D.I. Yavornitsky. All authors perceived the various groups of the Cossacks as branches of a single family of Cossacks. But the works of P.N. Andrianova and A.G. Avchinnikov contributed to the formation of the image of the Ukrainian Cossacks as a unique historical phenomenon, which was different from the Russian Cossacks. The texts of the officers expressed a whole range of assessments of the history of the Ukrainian and Russian Cossacks, but apologetization, that is, the protection of Cossacks from a negative historiographic tradition, generally prevailed. The authors made a lot of efforts to combine loyalty to the Romanov dynasty and the freedom-loving Cossack freemen. ; Целью этой статьи является исследование того как офицеры армии Российской империи Одесского военного округа исследовали и популяризировали историю казаков в начале ХХ века. Нашей задачей ...

The purpose of this article is to study how officers of the army of the Russian Empire of the Odesa Military District explored and popularized the history of the Cossacks in the early twentieth century. Our task is to establish the circle of these individuals, establish the relevant facts of their biographies, compare views on the Cossacks and approaches to popularizing historical facts, identify the factors that influenced the cognition process, correlate their views with modern approaches and update the experience of history. The interest on the part of the military in the history of the Cossacks was recorded by us in almost all the main centers of the development of historical thought in Ukraine (except Kherson and Elisavetgrad). It is concluded that the attention of military historians was attracted by various Cossack troops, but mainly Ukrainian, Zaporozhye, and Russian, Don. The main motive for the officers to study the history of the Cossacks was not only scientific, but also the task of educating the patriotism of the military. The great historian of the Cossacks, the representative of the neo-romantic, populist movement in the historiography of D.I. Yavornitsky. All authors perceived the various groups of the Cossacks as branches of a single family of Cossacks. But the works of P.N. Andrianova and A.G. Avchinnikov contributed to the formation of the image of the Ukrainian Cossacks as a unique historical phenomenon, which was different from the Russian Cossacks. The texts of the officers expressed a whole range of assessments of the history of the Ukrainian and Russian Cossacks, but apologetization, that is, the protection of Cossacks from a negative historiographic tradition, generally prevailed. The authors made a lot of efforts to combine loyalty to the Romanov dynasty and the freedom-loving Cossack freemen. ; Целью этой статьи является исследование того как офицеры армии Российской империи Одесского военного округа исследовали и популяризировали историю казаков в начале ХХ века. Нашей задачей является установление круга этих лиц, установление соответствующих фактов их биографий, сравнить взгляды на казачество и подходы к популяризации исторических фактов, выявить факторы, которые влияли на процесс познания, соотнести их взгляды с современными подходами и актуализировать опыт истории. Сделан вывод о том, что внимание военных историков привлекли различные казаческие войска, но главным образом, украинское, запорожское, и российское, донское. Основной мотив того, что офицеры изучали историю казаков был не только научный, но и задача воспитания патриотизма у военных. Большое влияние на формирование соответствующего сегмента исторических представлений и на тексты имел выдающийся историк казаков, представитель неоромантического, народнического, течения в историографии Д.И. Яворницкий. Все авторы воспринимали различные группы казачества как ветви единой семьи казаков. Но труды П.Н. Андрианова и А.Г. Авчинникова способствовали формированию образа украинского казачества как уникального исторического явления, который отличался от российских казаков. В текстах офицеров было высказано целый спектр оценок истории украинского и российского казачества, но в целом преобладала апологетизация, то есть защита казаков от негативной историографической традиции. Авторы сделали много усилий, чтобы соединить лояльность к династии Романовых и свободолюбивой казаческой вольницей. ; Метою цієї статті є висвітлення процесу дослідження та популяризації на початку ХХ ст. історії козацьких формувань представниками офіцерського складу армії Російської імперії, які служили у полках, що дислокувалися на території Південної України (Одеська військова округа), або перебували тут у відставці. Нашим завданням є На містити коло цих осіб, встановити відповідні факти їх біографій, порівняти погляди на козацтво та підходи до популяризації історичних фактів, виявити чинники, що впливали на процес пізнання, співвіднести їх погляди з сучасними підходами і загалом актуалізувати тогочасний досвід.

The purpose of this article is to study the phenomenon of celebrating the pedagogical congresses held in southern Ukraine (actually Odesa school district) in the second half of the XIX – early XX century, highlight the historical and methodological issues in the this congresses. Published sources are predominantly published in editions of congresses. Information of interest to us is mainly contained in the sources of the reports - the reports and reports of the companies. Narrative sources, publication of analytical articles about societies in the time magazines and newspapers are an essential addition.Thesis. The main idea of this article is that in the historical and methodological questions did not belong to the leading subjects of occupations of the pedagogical congresses participants on the territory of Southern Ukraine, only after linguistic and natural. This events gave rich material to theorists of pedagogy and officials for further meetings in the Central administrative bodies, the nomination of further reform initiatives. Similar actions for the exchange of views and development of long-term plans were distributed to almost all professional groups. Congresses were a significant factor in the formation of civil society in the Russian Empire and, in particular, in the Dnieper and black sea parts of Ukraine, which were at that time part of this state, significantly increasing its potential.The considerable body of literature dedicated to administration of the educational congresses in the Russian Empire and on the territory of Ukraine.However, historians of education only very casually mentioned the considerations for the development of historical education, which was one of the many issues discussed by the participants of the congresses. The purpose of this article is to highlight the historical and methodological issues in the pedagogical congresses held in southern Ukraine (actually Odessa school district) in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The sources of our research are mainly Assembly materials – reports, protocols, proceedings of congresses. We also rely on press reports.At the same time, it cannot be said that these issues are ignored. The work of the congresses was revived by the participation of professors in their work. This indicates a close relationship between all levels of education in the educational system of the Russian Empire, which is confirmed by many other data. The merit of the participants of the congresses is the emphasis on the need to ensure interdisciplinary connections, visibility, dissemination of the excursion method. The documents show the existence of both trends towards the democratization of education and the preservation of conservative approaches. If within the first approach the independent work of students, the formulation of their own conclusions were encouraged, as within the second, which should be recognized throughout the period of dominance, the teacher was considered as a carrier of truth and a set of facts that he should broadcast to students. In the context of methodological issues there were discussions of purely historical aspects, historical assessments, a set of outstanding dates and figures, about which the teacher had to tell for a limited time. The materials of the congresses held in the South Ukraine cities testify to the natural desire of some people to take into account local peculiarities and opportunities. All the issues that were discussed by the participants of the congresses are still relevant. The rich historical experience can be quite useful during the solution of modern pedagogical problems and formulation of new perspective problems. ; Метою нашої статті є висвітлення історико-методичної проблематики у роботі педагогічних з'їздів, що відбулися на території Південної України (Одеської навчальної округи) у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Зроблено висновок, що заслугою учасників з'їздів є наголос на необхідності забезпечення міждисциплінарних зв'язків, наочності, поширенні екскурсійного методу. Документи свідчать про існування як тенденцій до демократизації освіти, так і збереження консервативних підходів.

Метою цієї статті є висвітлення одного з яскравих моментів у процесі залучення козацьких місцин у меморіальний простір – екскурсії членів Одеського відділу Імператорського Російського військово-історичного товариства, яка відбулася у травні 1909 р. Зроблено висновок, що подорож одеситів по козацьких місцевостях Дніпра під керівництвом Д.І. Яворницького зміцнила співпрацю між одеським та катеринославським центрами історичної науки, була одним з важливих епізодів процесу складної взаємодії різних чинників у формуванні історичної пам'яті про українську історію, козацтво. ; Целью этой статьи является освещение одного из ярких моментов в процессе оформления мемориального пространства – экскурсии членов Одесского отделения Императорского Русского военно-исторического общества, которая состоялась в мае 1909 года. Сделан вывод, что путешествие одесситов по казацким местностям Днепра под руководством Д. И. Яворницкого укрепила сотрудничество между одесским и екатеринославским центрами исторической науки, была одним из важных эпизодов сложного процесса взаимодействия различных факторов в формировании исторической памяти об украинской истории и казачестве. ; On the territory of the steppe part of the Southern Ukraine, the attention of scientists and the public attracted and attracted the places where the activities of the Ukrainian Cossacks unfolded, its cradle – Zaporozhchina, Sicheslavshchina. At the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. first of all thanks to the efforts of the Titans of historiographical, ethnographic, literary and mytho-poetic ideological creativity Y. P. Novitsky, A. F. Kashchenko, D. I. Yavornytsky, this place seemed to be "debunked", which made it a new, attractive, color for many of their contemporaries, and acquired the signs of sacredness that remains to this day, despite the catastrophic consequences of flooding with man-made reservoirs. Today, there are projects of physical revival, liberation from the watercourses, these territories, which, of course, will rebuild not only archaeological and scientifichistorical research, but also the symbolic-memorial movement with renewed vigor.The purpose of this article is to highlight one of the brightest moments in the process of involving Cossack places in the memorial space – excursions there the members of the Odesa branch of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, which took place in May 1909. The appeal to this episode is due to the fact that it covers a few important aspects: the little-known activity of the military society and the part of the biography of "Cossack father" D. I. Yavornytsky. Thus, a trip to the members of the Odessa Military Society in the Cossack places of the Dnieper under the leadership of D.I. Yavornytsky strengthened cooperation between the Odesa and Katerynoslav centers of historical science, which was clearly reflected during the Katerynoslav archaeological congress in 1905. In a more global sense, the journey is one of the important episodes of the complex interaction process of various factors in shaping the historical memory of Ukrainian history, the Cossacks. Members of the Odesa Military Society were sympathizers of imperial patriotism, however, their journey and subsequent activity on perpetuating the memory of the Cossacks was advantageous for the Ukrainian model of nationbuilding. This process was skillfully moderated by such a charismatic leader as D. I. Yavornytsky Thus, we see an illustration of the importance of the personal factor in history, the great role of romantic representations in historical research.

Метою цієї статті є висвітлення одного з яскравих моментів у процесі залучення козацьких місцин у меморіальний простір – екскурсії членів Одеського відділу Імператорського Російського військово-історичного товариства, яка відбулася у травні 1909 р. Зроблено висновок, що подорож одеситів по козацьких місцевостях Дніпра під керівництвом Д.І. Яворницького зміцнила співпрацю між одеським та катеринославським центрами історичної науки, була одним з важливих епізодів процесу складної взаємодії різних чинників у формуванні історичної пам'яті про українську історію, козацтво. ; Целью этой статьи является освещение одного из ярких моментов в процессе оформления мемориального пространства – экскурсии членов Одесского отделения Императорского Русского военно-исторического общества, которая состоялась в мае 1909 года. Сделан вывод, что путешествие одесситов по казацким местностям Днепра под руководством Д. И. Яворницкого укрепила сотрудничество между одесским и екатеринославским центрами исторической науки, была одним из важных эпизодов сложного процесса взаимодействия различных факторов в формировании исторической памяти об украинской истории и казачестве. ; On the territory of the steppe part of the Southern Ukraine, the attention of scientists and the public attracted and attracted the places where the activities of the Ukrainian Cossacks unfolded, its cradle – Zaporozhchina, Sicheslavshchina. At the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. first of all thanks to the efforts of the Titans of historiographical, ethnographic, literary and mytho-poetic ideological creativity Y. P. Novitsky, A. F. Kashchenko, D. I. Yavornytsky, this place seemed to be "debunked", which made it a new, attractive, color for many of their contemporaries, and acquired the signs of sacredness that remains to this day, despite the catastrophic consequences of flooding with man-made reservoirs. Today, there are projects of physical revival, liberation from the watercourses, these territories, which, of course, will rebuild not only archaeological and scientifichistorical research, but also the symbolic-memorial movement with renewed vigor.The purpose of this article is to highlight one of the brightest moments in the process of involving Cossack places in the memorial space – excursions there the members of the Odesa branch of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, which took place in May 1909. The appeal to this episode is due to the fact that it covers a few important aspects: the little-known activity of the military society and the part of the biography of "Cossack father" D. I. Yavornytsky. Thus, a trip to the members of the Odessa Military Society in the Cossack places of the Dnieper under the leadership of D.I. Yavornytsky strengthened cooperation between the Odesa and Katerynoslav centers of historical science, which was clearly reflected during the Katerynoslav archaeological congress in 1905. In a more global sense, the journey is one of the important episodes of the complex interaction process of various factors in shaping the historical memory of Ukrainian history, the Cossacks. Members of the Odesa Military Society were sympathizers of imperial patriotism, however, their journey and subsequent activity on perpetuating the memory of the Cossacks was advantageous for the Ukrainian model of nationbuilding. This process was skillfully moderated by such a charismatic leader as D. I. Yavornytsky Thus, we see an illustration of the importance of the personal factor in history, the great role of romantic representations in historical research.

The main center of historical research in the territory of Southern Ukraine in the XIX and XX centuries. Odesa was the largest socio-economic and cultural center in the region. Therefore, most historiographers mainly studied how the historiography developed at the Novorossiysky University, leading Odesa societies. But important historiographic phenomena were also in other southern Ukrainian centers. The development of historiography in the territory between the Bug and the Dnieper, the main cities of these lands, Kherson and Mykolayiv should be studied better. Although these territories are known to have been one of the historical centers for the development of the Ukrainian Cossacks, in particular Kamyanska and Oleshkivska Sich, and the Bug Cossack Army.The purpose of this article is to study the history of the Cossacks in these centers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, to trace their connections, and to accept their views. The relevance of this approach is evidenced by the availability of articles on the study of the Cossacks in certain regional branches of historical science. Some aspects have already attracted the attention of researchers whose works are taken into account as a historiographic basis of this article. The source-documentary base of our article is, first of all, the works of Mykolayiv and Kherson cossacks, newspaper publications, memoirs.The first history of the Cossacks in Mykolayiv was studied by M. Kiryakov, in Kherson - O. Rusov. Both paid attention to the fact that the Cossacks carried out military and maritime campaigns, and the Kherson author made an important accent on the fact that historians should pay much attention to the Turkish and Tatar historical sources. In the 1890s in Mykolayiv studied the history of the Ukrainian Cossacks, a student of V. B. Antonovich P. A. Ivanov In the magazine «Kievskaya starina» in 1891 year. P. A. Ivanov published documents from the archives of the Nicholas Military Governor's Office on the resettlement of Cossacks to Taman.A great ...

On the territory of the steppe part of the Southern Ukraine, the attention of scientists and the public attracted and attracted the places where the activities of the Ukrainian Cossacks unfolded, its cradle – Zaporozhchina, Sicheslavshchina. At the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. first of all thanks to the efforts of the Titans of historiographical, ethnographic, literary and mytho-poetic ideological creativity Y. P. Novitsky, A. F. Kashchenko, D. I. Yavornytsky, this place seemed to be "debunked", which made it a new, attractive, color for many of their contemporaries, and acquired the signs of sacredness that remains to this day, despite the catastrophic consequences of flooding with man-made reservoirs. Today, there are projects of physical revival, liberation from the watercourses, these territories, which, of course, will rebuild not only archaeological and scientifichistorical research, but also the symbolic-memorial movement with renewed vigor.The purpose of this article is to highlight one of the brightest moments in the process of involving Cossack places in the memorial space – excursions there the members of the Odesa branch of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, which took place in May 1909. The appeal to this episode is due to the fact that it covers a few important aspects: the little-known activity of the military society and the part of the biography of "Cossack father" D. I. Yavornytsky. Thus, a trip to the members of the Odessa Military Society in the Cossack places of the Dnieper under the leadership of D.I. Yavornytsky strengthened cooperation between the Odesa and Katerynoslav centers of historical science, which was clearly reflected during the Katerynoslav archaeological congress in 1905. In a more global sense, the journey is one of the important episodes of the complex interaction process of various factors in shaping the historical memory of Ukrainian history, the Cossacks. Members of the Odesa Military Society were sympathizers of imperial patriotism, ...