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The article is devoted to the study of terrorism as a social phenomenon. The views of various scholars and philosophers on the history of this phenomenon and the factors that influence its development are given. The analysis of the influence of geopolitics, culture and religion on the development of terrorism from ancient times to the present is conducted. The basic characteristics of modern terrorism are revealed, such as globalization, international orientation, political diversity and dynamism in changing appearance. The global nature of terrorism is manifested not only in the coverage of countries where terrorist organizations operate, but also in terms of its effects on humanity, which are manifested in all spheres of human being: political, economic, social and spiritual. It is argued that an analysis of the global problems of the present (hunger, poverty, illiteracy, ill health, and illnesses) is of interest in understanding the problems that need to be addressed in order to reduce the level of terrorism in society. The destructive mode of being a terrorism, the terrorist type of personality, is considered, and the fact that it becomes reality in the presence of a large number of factors that actualize social time is stated. It is not known why politically or socially frustrated individuals go underground, take up arms, declare war on society, a total war that does not admit innocents and innocents, turns terrorism into the mode oftheir existence. It is emphasized that the terrorist type of personality is characterized by an underdeveloped worldview. It manifests itself in a superficial understanding of reality, vital, theoretical, and practical amateurism. Among the radicals of all ideological and political directions are rarely found great philosophers, political scientists, economists. Although it should be noted that in the ranks of terrorist organizations there are many educated people, educators, psychologists, kindergartens, nurses, beginning artists and art critics - people whose choice of profession is inseparably linked to such qualities as emotional perception, ability compassion. However, many of them are somewhat limited. They belong to the category of people who prefer to judge rather than analyze. ; Стаття присвячена дослідженню питання тероризму як соціального явища. Наводяться погляди різних вчених і філософів щодо історії виникнення цього явища, та чинників, які впливають на його розвиток. Проведено аналіз щодо впливу геополітики, культури та релігії на розвиток тероризму з давніх часів до сьогодення. Виявлено основні характеристики сучасного тероризму, якими є глобалізація, міжнародна спрямованість, політична багатогранність i динамізм у змiнi зовнішнього вигляду. Глобальний характер тероризму виявляється як за охватом країн, де функціонують терористичні організації, так i за наслідками його діяльності для людства, якi виявляються у всіх сферах буття людини: політичної, економічної, соціальної i духовної. Висловлюється думка, що аналіз глобальних проблем сучасності (а голод, злидні, неписьменність, хвороби такими i є) представляє інтерес з погляду розуміння тих проблем, якi необхідно вирішити, щоб зменшити рівень тероризму в суспільстві. Розглядається деструктивний модус буття тероризму, терористичний тип особистості, та констатується той факт, що він стає реальністю за наявності великої кількості факторів, що актуалізують соціальний час. Не відомо, чому політично або соціально розчарована особистість йде у підпілля, бере в руки зброю, оголошує війну суспільству, тотальну війну, яка не визнає невинних i непричетних, перетворює тероризм на модус свого буття. Підкреслюється, що для терористичного типу особистості характерна i недорозвиненість світосприйняття. Вона виявляється у поверхневому розумінні дійсності, життєвому, теоретичному i практичному дилетантизмі. Серед радикалів всіх ідейно-політичних напрямів рідко зустрічаються великі філософи, політологи, економісти. Хоча слід відмітити, що в рядах терористичних організацій зустрічається немало освічених людей, педагогів, психологів, вихователів дитячих садків, медсестер, починаючих художників та мистецтвознавців – людей, вибір професії яких невід'ємно пов'язаний з такими якостями, як емоційне сприйняття, здатність до співчуття. Однак багато з них є певним чином обмеженими. Вони відносяться до розряду людей, які воліють судити, а не аналізувати.

The article considers current issues of piracy in the field of copyright on the Internet. In order to determine what plagiarism is, the author first refers to the current legislation, according to which plagiarism is the proclamation (publication), in whole or in part, of another's work under the name of a person who is not the author of this work. That is, plagiarism is an active action consisting of two features. First, it is the fact of proclamation (publication) of the work. Under "proclamation of a work" the Law of Ukraine "On copyright and related rights" understands the disclosure of a work to the public as an action performed with the consent of the author or other subject of copyright and (or) related rights, whichmakes the work available to the public for the first time performance, public show, public demonstration, public announcement, etc. This concept emphasizes that it is a prerequisite for the proclamation of a copyright object to be made public for the first time. Instead, publication should be understood as all other reprints, releases, copies and other means of reproduction. The second sign of plagiarism is the fact of appropriation of authorship. Assignment of authorship can be done not only by direct indication by the author of the work of the plagiarist, it can be done by naming a pseudonym to a person. What matters is the fact that in the minds of the general public a deceptive idea of the author is formed. Particular attention is also paid to such types of plagiarism as falsification (fabrication of certain, for example, statistical indicators with their subsequent indication as their own work), replication (this is the process of copying data from one source to many others and vice versa, i.e. a kind of "circulation" of information without the author's permission), as well as republishing (repeated or multiple publication in another source of someone else's information with the author's authentic signature and reference to the source), rewrite (adding additional information to someone else's material without the author's permission, with processing of previously published material expressions) and compilation (composing from several other people's materials, and editing without permission - semantic, stylistic, grammatical editing and reduction of other people's material). There is also a study of the main types of Internet piracy, which in turn harm not only software vendors, they are a serious problem for the IT industry as a whole. The author notes that computer piracy undermines the growth potential of the world economy, as it depends to some extent on the development of the software industry. Piracy is costly to the entire world community, including Ukraine. These include lost jobs, unemployed programmers, low wages, uncollected taxes, and a lack of investment in information technology. The article examines the international experience in combating piracy, namely: Japan, the United States, Great Britain, Germany, China, Poland, Hungary and others. It is determined that piracy is an extremely negative phenomenon, which is very ingrained both among producers and distributors of pirated products, and among its consumers in many countries, including Ukraine. Therefore, taking into account the improvement of various forms and means of copyright infringement in modern high- tech conditions of society, which tends to globalize and given the ineffective system of counteracting this negative process in Ukraine, this problem is becoming increasingly important for our country today. Therefore, the main direction of protection of intellectual property - the creation of a favorable mechanism for the rapid and effective implementation of property rights and the introduction of innovations in production and society as a whole. The sooner this is done, the more society will progress in economic, social, structural and legal aspects. Accordingly, the ways to solve the problem of harmonizing the interests of authors and (or) right holders and society are: strengthening the responsibility forpiracy; legal, social, cultural education of society; advertising the benefits of licensed products (quality, service, etc.); reduction of prices for licensed products, etc. ; У статті розглядаються актуальні питання піратства у сфері авторського права в мережі інтернет. Особлива увага приділена проблемам плагіату як активної дії, а також фальсифікації, реплікації, републікації, рерайту та компілації як окремих видів плагіату. Проводиться дослідження основних видів інтернет-піратства, які в свою чергу завдають шкоди не тільки виробникам програмних продуктів, вони являють собою серйозну проблему для ІТ-індустрії в цілому. Визначено основні шляхи вирішення проблеми з гармонізації інтересів авторів і (або) правоволодільців та суспільства, а саме посилення відповідальності за піратські диї; правове, соціальне, культурне виховання суспільства; реклама переваг ліцензійної продукції (якість, обслуговування та ін.); зменшення цін на ліцензійну продукцію; опрацювання механізмів отримання прибутку, пов'язаних із використанням реклами та ін.

The issue of prospects for the introduction of alternative methods of resolving legal disputes by substantially reforming the current national legislation of Ukraine, taking into account and borrowing foreign experience in this area. It is substantiated that mediation as an alternative way of resolving legal disputes is not only the elimination of the conflict situation between the parties, but also the minimum expenditure of time and money, as well as the most positive result. Alternative dispute resolution has been identified as the best way to resolve conflict and is practiced in many parts of the world. The authors point out that alternative dispute resolution allows businesses to resolve legal disputes more effectively. It is noted that the effective implementation of alternative dispute resolution methods in Ukrainian legislation would make it possible to achieve improvements for society as a whole, conflicting parties, judges, as the introduction of more modern and effective methods of dispute resolution has paid off in other countries. However, attention is drawn to the fact that for the gradual introduction of alternative methods of settling legaldisputes, it is necessary to clearly define the terminology, as such uncertainty may affect the rights and legitimate interests of all parties to the legal dispute. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in the case of the procedure of "alternative" dispute resolution, as a result of the application of the appropriate method (even in the case of negotiations or mediation) creates a new document that defines, changes or terminates the rights and obligations of the parties to the contract, or the decision of the arbitral tribunal. As a result, the parties to the dispute receive a decision, which can be appealed, as a rule, only under a special procedure prescribed by law. ; Розглядається питання перспективи впровадження альтернативних методів вирішення юридичних спорів шляхом суттєвого реформування чинного національного законодавства України, враховуючи та запозичуючи закордонних досвід у цій царині. Обґрунтовується, що медіація як альтернативний спосіб вирішення правових спорів - це не тільки усунення конфліктної ситуації між сторонами, але й мінімальна витрата часу та коштів, а також максимально позитивний результат.

This article is devoted to the study of the features of patenting of secret inventions. The history of the origin of the patent and the definition of the very essence of patenting in general. The basic objects of intellectual property rights protected by the law are determined, including industrial design, invention and utility model. The definition of such a concept as a secret invention, the features of its patenting, etc. Also, the article provides a detailed analysis of the patent norms of foreign countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France and their comparison with domestic norms. Some of the existing problems, which in our opinion exist in the legislation of Ukraine, as well as the possibility of their correction by harmonizing the national legislation taking into account foreign experience. Patenting inventions is a factor that gives significant competitive advantages to inventors, with each year the number of registered patents grows, which increases the demand for volumes of international transfers.Generally this article has the concept and essence of secret invention including patent provided by world intellectual property organization (WIPO), that is an exclusive right granted for an invention, which is a product or a process that provides, in general, a new way of doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. To get a patent, technical information about the invention must be disclosedto the public in a patent application. In principle, the patent owner has the exclusive right to prevent or stop others from commercially exploiting the patented invention. In other words, patent protection means that the invention cannot be commercially made, used, distributed, imported or sold by others without the patent owner's consent. The exclusive rights are only applicable in the country or region in which a patent has been filed and granted, in accordance with the law of that country or region. ; Дана стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостейпатентування секретних винаходів. Викладена історія виникнення патенту тавизначення самої суті патентування в цілому. Визначені основні об'єкти праваінтелектуальної власності які охороняються законом, серед яких промисловийзразок, винахід і корисна модель. Здійснюється визначення такого поняття яксекретний винахід, особливості його патентування тощо. Також в статтіпроводиться детальній аналіз патентних норм зарубіжних країн таких якСША, Великобританія, Німеччина, Франція і їх співставлення з вітчизняниминормами. Висвітлюються деякі наявні проблеми, які на нашу думку існують взаконодавстві України, а також можливість їх виправлення шляхомгармонізації національного законодавства з урахуванням зарубіжного досвіду.

The article deals with the issue of social standards formation in the national legislation of Ukraine in view of the international level of their development. The problems that arise in the process of adaptation of national legislation in the field of social protection to the legislation of the European Union are identified and summarized. It is proved that the adaptation of the legislation is the process of bringing the laws of Ukraine and other normative legal acts in line with the acquis communautaire. The author notes that the problem is related to the old system of social protection of the population in the country, which is primarily due to the combination of Soviet and modern methods of government, which in the time of independence of our state did not fully transition to the latter. Therefore, the problem of implementation of international standards has become of practical importance for Ukraine today. It is clear that the lack of a mechanism for supervising and controlling the observance of international instruments leads to abuse of the law by the subjects of these relations, and the question of implementation of European standards in national legislation is quite acute. It was also found that one of the key problems of legislative approximation is the need to ratify certain ILO conventions governing social security,labor and other issues. Another problem is that the compliance of the legislation of Ukraine with regard to minimum social security standards to the European Social Security Code is contrary to international norms and urgently needs to be changed.It is determined that today the sphere of social protection is a key element in the mechanism of interaction of our country with the European Union and is defined as one of the priority directions and global goals in Ukraine, which is the basis of the Program of Sustainable Development until 2030. ; У статті досліджується питання формування соціальних стандартів в національному законодавстві України з огляду на міжнародний рівень їх розвитку. Виявляються та узагальнюються проблеми, які виникають в процесі адаптації національного законодавства у сфері соціального захисту до законодавства Європейського Союзу. Визначено, що на сьогодні сфера соціального захисту є ключовою ланкою в механізмі взаємодії нашої держави з Європейським Союзом та визначається як одним з пріоритетних напрямків і глобальних цілей в Україні покладена в основу Програми дій сталого розвитку до 2030 р.

The article considers the problem of the place and role of economic security in the system of state security. The constituent elements of economic security are determined, specific features of economic security are given. The place and role of legislation in ensuring the economic security of the state is revealed. Signs of investment and financial security as a component of economic security of the state are given. The article defines the category of administration of economic security of the state as a kind of activity of executive bodies. The paradigm of economic security is established from the standpoint of the theory of potential conflicts in the system of state security. The urgency of the research topic is due to the fact that with the rapid development of society every day there are new threats to the security of law enforcement in terms of corruption and illegal actions, and law enforcement officers are imperfect in regulating their actions in law and management. The scientific novelty of the article is that the activity of law enforcement agencies is considered in the prism of counteracting internal threats to the structure of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine, with simultaneous legal analysis of such and practical areas of improving economic security of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to identify the existing problems in the legal field regarding the economic security of the internal affairs bodies of Ukraine. The task of the article is to establish ways to overcome the existing legal and administrative problems and to outline ways to improve the activities of law enforcement agencies to overcome corruption and violations of the law among law enforcement officers of Ukraine. In determining the economic security of the national economy should distinguish between the concepts of national security, economic security and economic security of the state.