В статье, посвященной 25-летию распада СССР и создания СНГ, рассматриваются возникновение и развитие элиты и гражданского общества в государствах постсоветского пространства, анализируются властные процессы в них. Автор предлагает обсудить вопросы эффективности СНГ и готов продолжить разговор о будущем постсоветской элиты. ; The article is devoted to the 25th anniversary of collapse of the USSR and creation of the CIS. The article considers creation and condition of the elite, development of civil society in the states of the former Soviet Union. The author analyzes the activity of the government in the countries located on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The author puts questions to discuss efficiency of the CIS and is ready to continue conversation about the future of Post-Soviet elite.
Статья посвящена оценке применимости зарубежного опыта в использовании инструментов государственного регулирования по преодолению диспропорций в развитии социально-экономических систем регионального уровня (далее СЭС). Оценка позитивного опыта применения закономерностей и механизмов функционирования института регулирования в европейских государствах позволит определить, какие инструменты РФ могла бы заимствовать, чтобы усилить направленность инструментов государственного регулирования на устранение неравномерности развития СЭС регионального уровня. ; Economic growth that is not accompanied by an increase in the availability of public goods for the majority of the population cannot be regarded as a development because it leaves out the majority of the population and at the expense of it. Uneven availability of public goods within the country, especially, within a country with a federal structure leads to a slowdown in recovery and growth of the national economy as well as to a negative impact on investment activity. Existence of non-uniformity at the regional level can be seen as a result of geographical peculiarities and degree of development of productive forces; however, a significant role in this process is played by development of mechanisms, elected governments. The Russian Federation, in the early 1990s faced a problem related to the regulation of regional economies development. As a result of the transformation of the national economy during "pere-stroika", a list of political and socio-economic problems, affected the stability of socio-economic systems, occurred, not only at the regional but also at the state level in the long term. Lack of regulatory and control measures does not allow to use the high potential of regional systems for the purpose of growth in the performance of domestic economy, since the existence of poorly developed social and economic systems at the regional level is a cause of incomplete implementation of public building. In our view, we should turn to foreign experience of state regulation of the 1980s. In most OECD countries the same problem occurred. Globalization, technological change, regulatory and institutional reforms were the main drivers of growth of income inequality. The global economic crisis further exacerbated the uneven, shifting the better part of the burden of the crisis on the unemployed and underemployed. Most of the OECD member countries adopted policies aimed at reducing the gap between income and long-term costs as a factor for economic development. In addition, a financial package was designed to stimulate demand and to mitigate the impact of the crisis on households with lower income. These measures were aimed at addressing income discrepancies through redistribution among the rich and the poor as well as among generations; thus, they provided support for the poorest groups. The study of foreign experience will reveal the most effective tools to stimulate regional development and to assess their applicability to the Russian Federation.
Данная работа посвящена памяти известного американского политолога Роберта Аллана Даля, скончавшегося в феврале 2014 г., анализу его научных работ, посвященных демократии ; The paper is dedicated to the memory of a famous American political scientist Robert Alan Dahl, who died in February 2014. The article analyzes Dahls scientific works related to democracy.
Результаты референдума о будущем статусе Автономной Республики Крым и г. Севастополь 16 марта 2014 г. были предсказуемы, и это решение поддержали правительство, депутаты, практически все политические партии, крупнейшие общественные организации Иркутской области. Правительство Иркутской области посетило Симферополь и заключило соглашение о сотрудничестве, а крымские студенты уже летом 2014 г. поступали в иркутские вузы. Серьезного разногласия данная тема пока не вызвала и в региональном сообществе. Единственная акция в центре Иркутска в поддержку Украины собрала не более десяти человек, зато мероприятия в поддержку Крыма и восточных регионов Украины собирали тысячи желающих и миллионы рублей. Кроме того, в статье отмечено, что Иркутск и Крым имеют исторические корни и традиции, но это не мешало журналистам и блогерам Иркутска все время спорить на просторах Интернета и социальных сетей о политическом и экономическом будущем страны. ; The results of a referendum in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol were predictable on March 16, 2014. That decision was supported by the government, the deputies, almost all political parties, the largest public organizations of Irkutsk region. The government of Irkutsk region visited Simferopol and signed cooperation agreement, and Crimean students already enrolled Irkutsk universities in the summer of2014. This subject didn't cause serious disagreement in regional community yet. The only action in support of Ukraine, organized in the center of Irkutsk, brought together no more than ten people. However, actions in support of the Crimea and the eastern regions of Ukraine assembled thousands people and raised millions of rubles. The author emphasizes that Irkutsk and the Crimea have historical roots and traditions, though journalists and bloggers of Irkutsk kept arguing on political and economic future of the country on the Internet and social networks.
Статья посвящена проблеме влияния качества государственного управления на дифференциацию качества жизни граждан РФ в различных регионах. Выявленные в результате анализа компоненты «качества государственного управления» были декомпозированы в показатели и методом мин/макс проведена оценка качества государственного управления за период 20'0-20'2 гг. Это позволило определить ключевые компоненты и показатели, приводящие к максимальному разрыву между федеральными округами РФ по показателю «качество государственного управления». ; The experience in the field of institutional problems of the recent financial, economic and social crisis contributed to a large-scale study of the government role in the modern economy and society. According to most experts and analysts, it has become axiomatic that governments should create the conditions that will contribute to economic growth and well-being of citizens, as well as: • redistribute income more fairly; • regulate the activities of businesses and individuals for the public good; • supply the public with goods and services of appropriate quality and in the required volume. This is to be implemented under the conditions of financial constraints and pressing demographic situation (aging of population). The main objective of the state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens. Accordingly, social policy should correspond to this objective. However, it is very difficult to ensure equal satisfaction of social needs in a federal state. Bodies of the state and municipal authorities are the main providers of public goods (public and judicial services, education, healthcare, public safety, et cetera), distributed over the different levels of government. Each Russian citizen, regardless of their place of residence, must receive equal set of services from the State in line with the Constitution, which is not the case yet. Moreover, the sharp inter-regional differentiation inevitably increases the number of lagging regions, weakening the mechanisms of inter-regional economic cooperation, which trigger the growth of interregional conflicts. It greatly complicates the implementation of a single nationwide policy of socioeconomic transformation. When referring to the comprehensive differentiation of regions in the Russian Federation, it is worth noting that the major differences in the living conditions of the population in the central and peripheral parts, and different regions of the country are perceived by society as violation of the principles of social justice and can lead to the strengthening of efferent trends. The governing factors in this situation are more than diverse. In our opinion, the key factor is "quality of public administration". Since academic community has not developed a common understanding of this phenomenon, we use the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Canadian Fraser Institute. The revealed components of the "quality of public administration" are decomposed into figures. The quality of public administration is evaluated using the min/max method for the period of 2010-2012. This enables us to identify the key components and indicators that generate the maximum disparity between the federal districts of Russia with regard to "quality of public administration".
Основными проблемами для обсуждения в рамках круглого стола стали миграция и диаспоральные процессы во властном дискурсе Сибири, вопросы взаимодействия местных сообществ и местной власти в переселенческом обществе. Кратко рассмотрены особенности политической социализации сибирского студенчества, отражены факторы взаимовлияния федеральных и региональных стратегий развития на участие Иркутской области и Республики Бурятия в процессах международного сотрудничества. Проанализированы особенности протекания муниципального кризиса в городах Иркутской области, дана оценка конфликта с Западом как очередной возможности для развития сибирских регионов. Публикуется сокращенный вариант выступлений участников. ; Main issues for discussion at the round table were migration and diaspora processes in the government discourse of Siberia, and the interaction of local communities and local authorities in the migration society. Features of political socialization of Siberian students are briefly described. Factors of federal and regional development strategies interaction on the part of the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia in the international cooperation processes are reflected. characteristic features of the municipal crisis in Irkutsk region cities are analyzed. The "conflict with the West» as an opportunity for the development of Siberian regions is estimated. Condensed version of the participants' reports is presented.
