Suchergebnisse

Мета статті полягає у виокремленні й обґрунтуванні етапів еволюції педагогічної думки щодо формування соціальних навичок особистості. Для цього застосовано такі методи наукового дослідження, як історико-генетичний, аналіз, синтез, узагальнення, абстрагування. Виділено сім етапів еволюції поглядів на формування соціальних навичок особистості, зокрема доцивілізаційний період родоплемінного ладу, стародавній схід, античність, середньовіччя, відродження, реформаціє, новий і новітній час, сьогодення. У межах означених етапів фіксують особливі інтерпретації і шляхи формування соціальних навичок особистості в ту чи іншу епоху. ; The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the stages of the evolution of pedagogical thought in the formation of social skills of the individual. For this purpose, the following methods of scientific research have been applied: historical-genetic analysis, synthesis, generalization, abstraction. Seven stages of the evolution of views on the formation of social skills of the individual are identified. In the pre-civilization period of the tribal system, the senior members of the community passed on to the younger generation the appropriate experience, produced the skills of cohabitation among children and youth. At the turn of the IV-III millennium a significant role in the formation of social skills, in addition to the family, begin to play such important institutions as the state and temples. In the era of civilization of the Ancient East, the content of the formation of social skills of the younger generation was influenced by religious beliefs and cults (Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism), the emergence of writing. The goal of developing social skills was to prepare a person for life and work who clearly and concisely expresses his thoughts, knows how to endure adversity, take the blows of fate and dutifully work for the state. In the era of Antiquity, every person should strive to surpass his father in valor (Homeric Greece), develop oratorical skills, know Greek mythology, the history of his people, the exploits of his ancestors. Considerable attention was paid to the formation of the skills of charity, responsibility, political struggle, a healthy lifestyle (Ancient Rome). In the Middle Ages, the content, forms and means of forming social skills of the growing personality were influenced by the Christian tradition, within which an important role was assigned to the upbringing of the spiritual qualities of a person, the formation of moral skills, the skills of faith in God and the observance of the Laws of God, reverence for power and the class hierarchy, courage, generosity, and of course, the skills of asceticism, self-restraint of sinful, bodily impulses. In the era of the Renaissance and the Reformation, the dogmatic methods of scholastic pedagogy were condemned in the formation of social skills, attention was paid to the education of understanding, the development of thinking. In the modern era, among the ideas of forming social skills, sensualistic, rationalistic, concepts based on scientific research methods prevail, it is believed that it is better to form not a scientist, but a business person (gentleman) with good, aristocratic demeanors. Today, in the conditions of the information society of knowledge, digitalization of all spheres of life, the development of artificial intelligence in the requirements for a specialist, considerable attention is paid to the formation of social, soft skills.