Suchergebnisse

УДК 343The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of the legal nature and the system of other measures of criminallegal nature, specified in the Criminal legislation of the Russian Federation and the problems of application of these measures in the judicial practice. The author pays attention to the fact that these measures are quite common in the judicial practice, especially conditional sentence. The legislator establishes three of other measures of criminal-legal nature in section VI of the RF Criminal Code: compulsory measures of a medical nature, confiscation of property and judicial penalty. But the author of the article aims to prove that the system of other measures of criminal-legal nature is not exhausted by these three measures. The article substantiates the statement that the measures in question constitute independent institute of criminal law. The author analyzes in details the concept and the legal nature of other measures of criminal-legal nature, their difference from punishment. Since the other measures of criminal-legal character are varied and specific, the author considers that it is difficult to formulate a general definition of such measures. The author distinguishes three approaches in the theory of criminal law on the question about the system of measures under consideration: "wide", "narrow" and "balanced approach." The author adheres to the "balanced approach" and justifies the statement that the organization of other measures of criminal-legal nature can only be based on their legal nature. This leads to the conclusion that conditional sentence, postponement of punishment, postponement of punishment for drug addicts, compulsory measures of educational influence, compulsory measures of medical nature connected with the execution of the sentence should be referred to other measures ofcriminal law. The author substantiates the view that the legislator's decision about systematization of measures considered in Section VI of the RF Criminal Code is inconsistent and illogical. According to the author, the confiscation of property should be provided in the criminal legislation not as other measure of criminal law, but as an additional kind of punishment. Judicial fine should be excluded from the Criminal Code. Because of their specificity and diversity it is hardly expedient to allocate all the other measures of criminal-legal nature in one section of the RF Criminal Code. ; УДК 343Статья посвящена анализу понятия, юридической природы и системы иных мер уголовно-правового характера. Законодатель закрепляет три иные меры уголовно-правового характера в разделе VI УК РФ: принудительные меры медицинского характера, конфискация имущества и судебный штраф. Но автор в статье ставит цель доказать, что система иных мер уголовно-правового характера не исчерпывается этими тремя мерами. Автор обосновывает утверждение, что систематизировать рассматриваемые меры можно только опираясь на их юридическую природу. Это позволяет сделать вывод, что к иным мерам уголовно-правового характера следует относить условное осуждение, отсрочку отбывания наказания, отсрочку отбывания наказания больным наркоманией, принудительные меры воспитательного воздействия, принудительные меры медицинского характера, соединенные с исполнением наказания.

The subject. The article is devoted to problems of appointment some criminal punishments alternative to the deprivation of liberty by courts in Russian Federation. The author gives an answer to the question, why punishments not related to imprisonment in the Russian Federation, especially deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in cer-tain activities, corrective labor, restriction of freedom, forced labor, are rarely appointed by courts, and the most common alternative punishments are only fine and mandatory work.Methodology. Author uses such researching methods as analysis and synthesis, formally legal, comparative legal.Results. The author proposes some concrete measures, aimed at expanding the practice of appointment some criminal punishments alternative to the deprivation of liberty.It is necessary to reduce the size of the fine established in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to establish a penalty in the sanction of norms on crimes of small and medium gravity, committed for mercenary motives and connected with causing mate-rial damage.In order of more effective serving of punishments in the form of compulsory and corrective works, it is necessary to interest employers, it can be expressed in granting tax credit ben-efits. The searching of specific facilities for serving corrective labor should be assigned to employment centers.It seems expedient to introduce deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or en-gage in certain activities as the main type of punishment to all sanctions of the norms about the responsibility for crimes of small or medium gravity related to the professional activities of the person. It is necessary to eliminate gaps in the legislative regulation of punishment in the form of restricted liberty and to solve the problem of electronic monitoring of convicts using elec-tronic bracelets.Conclusions. The punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty should be appointed by courts only in cases, when the crime is highly dangerous, the identity of the criminal is also characterized by a high degree of public danger. Serious changes are also needed in the legislative regulation of sentences not related to deprivation of liberty, and a number of other organizational measures aimed at expanding the practice of applying these punish-ments. ; Рассматриваются проблемы назначения судами Российской Федерации уголовных наказаний, альтернативных лишению свободы. Дается ответ на вопрос, почему нака-зания, не связанные с лишением свободы, особенно лишение права занимать опре-деленные должности или заниматься определенной деятельностью, исправительные работы, ограничение свободы, принудительные работы, в Российской Федерации назначаются судами довольно редко, а наиболее распространенными альтернатив-ными наказаниями являются только штраф и обязательные работы. Предлагаются конкретные меры, направленные на расширение практики назначения наказаний, альтернативных лишению свободы, связанные с необходимостью изменений в зако-нодательной регламентации этих наказаний, а также ряд иных организационных мер.