The article is attempts to determine the features of the formation and functioning of social movements, which are determined by the new quality of society, which appears before to us as a network one. It is defined the generalized concept of a network society - this is a society based on horizontal connections, in which the communicative network of relations is plays the main role. The concept of a network is defined, it is considered as a set of interconnected nodes. The main features of the network are identified: mobility, informality, discreteness, the general purpose of network entities, multiple levels of interaction, voluntary ties, independence of network members, and many leaders. There is made the conclusion about the leading role in the network society of the information and communication component. Attention is focused on the impact of the Internet and social networks on social movements. At the same time, social movements are viewed as collective actions aimed at achieving common interests, drawing attention to their non-institutionalized form and orientation to social changes. The factors that influence the characteristics of modern social movements are defined: the spread of virtual social networks, globalization, the change in the forms of political participation, changes in the main spheres of society, changes in the values and needs of individuals. Attention is focused on the emergence of so-called new social movements (anti-globalization, feminism, green movement, consumers and others), there is their main characteristic presented. The article concludes that social movements are a specific segment of civil society and acquire features related to the form of their existence - a network and the prevalence of a guide to upholding intangible values. The new quality of social movements is presents great opportunities for non-political actors to influence the political field and change its design.
The emphasis is on considering the changes in the conditions under which modern political science is developing – the processes of internal specialization and hybridization. It is proved that the promising direction of their improvement is precisely the process of introducing the «new» concepts from the system of social and philosophical knowledge into the scientific revolution of political science, that is, first of all, the further formation and development of the conceptual categorical apparatus of social and political research in the context of increasing the level of interdisciplinary connections in the research space. An attempt is made to evaluate the heuristic potential of the concept «fashion» in the context of its application for the study of various elements of social and political reality – from the perspective of expanding the possibility of addressing the methodological foundations of other sciences, increasing the level of measurement; clarification of the degree of ambivalence of consequences, etc.
The article is aimed to determine frameworks of research within the social movements theories for which the most significant fact is the direction of movements for social change. And we take into account the tendency of modern scientific discourse to shift the focus of attention from the study of static structures to social processes and changes. Social movements relate to the social dynamics of society. That is why they should be considered through the theory of social change. It is the most appropriate (in the broad sense), as evidenced by the reflections of scholars representing various theories. In this article shows the features of the analysis of social movements in Western social and political science and in research of local scientists. Among them – A. Giddens, E. Zdravomyslova, R. Inglhart, L. Kaminska, T. Pavlova, Ch. Tilly, A. Touraine, I. Haliy, P. Sztompka and others. It is to determ the main characteristics of social movements, and the new social movements as a key subject of contemporary social and political life and a factor of social change.It is concluded: social movements is a complicated phenomenon, and with the specifics of modern society, today's theory of social movements must use the integration of different theories, to adequately study its object and it should pay attention with of close ties between social movements and social changes.Key words: social movement, new social movements, social changes, modern society. ; В статті розглядаються сучасні теорії суспільних рухів в аспекті соціальних змін. Показано особливості аналізу суспільних рухів у західній соціально-політичній науці та у дослідженнях вітчизняних вчених. Визначено основні характеристики суспільних рухів, особливості нових суспільних рухів як ключового суб'єкту сучасного соціально- політичного життя та фактора соціальних змін. Акцентовано увагу на складності даного явища, необхідності інтеграції різних теорій для вивчення суспільних рухів та урахування певного зв'язку між суспільними рухами та соціальними змінами. Ключові слова: суспільний рух, нові суспільні рухи, соціальні зміни, сучасне суспільство. В статье рассматриваются современные теории общественных движений в аспекте социальных изменений. Показаны особенности анализа общественных движений в западной социально-политической науке и в исследованиях отечественных ученых. Определены основные характеристики общественных движений, особенности новых общественных движений как ключевого субъекта современной социально-политической жизни и фактора социальных изменений. Акцентировано внимание на сложности данного явления, необходимости интеграции различных теорий для изучения социальных движений и принятия во внимание характерной взаимосвязи между общественными движениями и социальными изменениями Ключевые слова: общественное движение, новые общественные движения, социальные изменения, современное общество. The article is aimed to determine frameworks of research within the social movements theories for which the most significant fact is the direction of movements for social change. And we take into account the tendency of modern scientific discourse to shift the focus of attention from the study of static structures to social processes and changes. Social movements relate to the social dynamics of society. That is why they should be considered through the theory of social change. It is the most appropriate (in the broad sense), as evidenced by the reflections of scholars representing various theories. In this article shows the features of the analysis of social movements in Western social and political science and in research of local scientists. Among them – A. Giddens, E. Zdravomyslova, R. Inglhart, L. Kaminska, T. Pavlova, Ch. Tilly, A. Touraine, I. Haliy, P. Sztompka and others. It is to determ the main characteristics of social movements, and the new social movements as a key subject of contemporary social and political life and a factor of social change.It is concluded: social movements is a complicated phenomenon, and with the specifics of modern society, today's theory of social movements must use the integration of different theories, to adequately study its object and it should pay attention with of close ties between social movements and social changes. Key words: social movement, new social movements, social changes, modern society.
The problems of age discrimination as a widespread form of discrimination in the modern world, which very often takes on latent forms, are considered. This becomes especially relevant in the context of the fact that the current situation is characterized by a gradual aging of the population of both the world in general and Ukraine in particular. In addition to the existing financial problems and difficulties, the vulnerability of this category of the population in the information environment is caused by the age characteristics of the psycho-emotional state, as well as limited skills in the use of technology and low learning ability. We make an attempt to investigate this problem in relation to the sphere of political communication, using the analysis of the development and formation of information democracy, as well as the activities and functioning of electronic governments. New opportunities in political communication, with the help of which a new reality is constructed, require additional adaptation and the assimilation of new rules of existence in it, the choice of forms of information interaction up to the compulsory assimilation of certain communicative practices. As an example of such interaction, the activity of the electronic government is considered as an effective mechanism of interaction and a form of cooperation between the state and citizens. The current level of development of political communication should be supported by a high level of access for the entire population to the Internet. The publication analyzes the situation with representatives of the senior age category and the problems they have to deal with. We came to the conclusion that this type of communication is characterized by manifestations of ageism, including latent greatly. ; Розглянуто проблеми вікової дискримінації як широко представленого різновиду дискримінації в сучасному світі, яка дуже часто набуває латентних форм. Особливо актуальним це стає за умов, що для сучасної демографічної ситуації характерне поступове старіння ...
The article contains an attempt to determine the strategies of scientific research in contemporary political issues in the context of determining the cognitive capabilities of the neoinstitutional approach.It has been determined that neoinstitutionalism is a logical development of the "old" institutionalism, its addition with new ideas to increase cognitive capabilities, a new rethinking of modern processes of political life.Attention is drawn to the fact that neoinstitutionalism is a rather heterogeneous line, but at the same time it is made an attempt to highlight the common features of the new approach in all its variants. It is made a comparison between the "old" and "new" institutionalism to do this, which is based on: categorical-conceptual apparatus, principles, levels of research, methods.The author identifies the key postulates of neoinstitutionalism, they emphasize the importance of institutions. And it is emphasized that the subject field of this approach is expanding due to the fact that the attention of researchers is directed not so much to the institutions themselves, but to the activities of political actors.Among the features of research within the framework of this approach, the following are also distinguished: rejection of descriptiveness, attempts to build a sufficiently structured theory through the use of the deduction method; focusing on the study of the results of public policy in the form of political decisions, government programs, strategies, etc.; adherence to the principle of methodological individualism; use of quantitative analysis methods; use of multilevel analysis.The cognitive capabilities of this theory in modern political studies are determined, based on a detailed analysis of the key features of the neoinstitutional approach; it is also proposed to highlight possible elements of the research scheme of this approach, which will help to more rationally use the possibilities of the new institutional theory: , the definition of the levels of analysis, or the conduct of the research in an integrated manner, within all levels: institutional, organizational, individual, depending on the purpose of the research; consideration of research objects as institutionalized practices, formal / informal rules of the game; analysis of the institutional environment; analysis of sociocultural contexts; analysis of dynamics, policy results.Key words: institutionalism, neoinstitutionalism, institutions, political institutions. ; Стаття містить спробу визначення стратегій наукових розвідок в сучасних політичних дослідженнях в контексті визначення пізнавальних можливостей неоінституціонального підходу.Визначається, що даний напрямок є логічним розвитком інституціоналізму, у зв'язку із чим надаються загальні характеристики «нового» підходу у порівнянні зі «старим». Особлива увага звертається на такі характеристики як: категоріально-понятійний апарат дослідження, його основні принципи, рівні, особливості предметного поля, методи.Ключові слова: інституціоналізм, неоінституціоналізм, інститути, політичні інститути. В статье содержится попытка определения стратегий научных поисков в современных политических исследованиях в контексте определения познавательных возможностей неоинституционального подхода.Определяется, что данное направление является логическим развитием институционализма, в связи, с чем представляются общие характеристики «нового» подхода по сравнению со «старым». Особое внимание обращается на такие характеристики как: категориально-понятийный аппарат исследования, его основные принципы, уровни, особенности предметного поля, методы.Ключевые слова: институционализм, неоинституционализм, институты, политические институты. The article contains an attempt to determine the strategies of scientific research in contemporary political issues in the context of determining the cognitive capabilities of the neoinstitutional approach.It has been determined that neoinstitutionalism is a logical development of the "old" institutionalism, its addition with new ideas to increase cognitive capabilities, a new rethinking of modern processes of political life.Attention is drawn to the fact that neoinstitutionalism is a rather heterogeneous line, but at the same time it is made an attempt to highlight the common features of the new approach in all its variants. It is made a comparison between the "old" and "new" institutionalism to do this, which is based on: categorical-conceptual apparatus, principles, levels of research, methods.The author identifies the key postulates of neoinstitutionalism, they emphasize the importance of institutions. And it is emphasized that the subject field of this approach is expanding due to the fact that the attention of researchers is directed not so much to the institutions themselves, but to the activities of political actors.Among the features of research within the framework of this approach, the following are also distinguished: rejection of descriptiveness, attempts to build a sufficiently structured theory through the use of the deduction method; focusing on the study of the results of public policy in the form of political decisions, government programs, strategies, etc.; adherence to the principle of methodological individualism; use of quantitative analysis methods; use of multilevel analysis.The cognitive capabilities of this theory in modern political studies are determined, based on a detailed analysis of the key features of the neoinstitutional approach; it is also proposed to highlight possible elements of the research scheme of this approach, which will help to more rationally use the possibilities of the new institutional theory: , the definition of the levels of analysis, or the conduct of the research in an integrated manner, within all levels: institutional, organizational, individual, depending on the purpose of the research; consideration of research objects as institutionalized practices, formal / informal rules of the game; analysis of the institutional environment; analysis of sociocultural contexts; analysis of dynamics, policy results.Key words: institutionalism, neoinstitutionalism, institutions, political institutions.
