Suchergebnisse

The problem of research and, consequently, the standardization of law enforcement terminology as a system, aimed to meet the requirements of both police officers and citizens of Ukraine have arisen in connection with the modern transformation of law enforcement authorities from a militarized structure to an administrative and legal one, and their fixation on European standards. Taking into account the number of scientific studies, concentrated on paradigmatic relations in different term systems, scholars have never focused their attention exactly on law-enforcement terminology as a system with characteristic paradigmatic relations, which is the relevance of researches in this direction. The aim of the scientific study is to identify and explore paradigmatic relations in the system of modern Ukrainian law enforcement terminology as a strategy for its standardization. During the analysis of terminological material, it has been identified that the paradigmatic links in Ukrainian law enforcement terminology reflect the stages of formation and development of law enforcement corpus of terms as a system. It has been noted that a characteristic feature of Ukrainian law enforcement terminology is the existence of a considerable number of terms from other humanitarian spheres, in particular jurisprudence, military science and medicine. This leads to paradigmatic relations as such, arising between words and groups of words on the basis of the similarity or opposition of their meanings (synonymy, antonymy, hyper-hyponymy, etc.). Scholars have different perceptions of the range of problems provided in the terminology science as it is evidenced by numerous debates that have both categorical denial and justification of stylistic conditionality. The main directions of standardization of Ukrainian law enforcement terminology have been offered as a new transformed system, in particular the elimination of loan translations from Russian, the prevention of borrowings and the creation of a national system of terms, most accurately representing object and subject mutual relations, and current activity of law enforcement system of Ukraine. This will lead to the further formation of a qualitatively new policing authority, intended to protect the rights and interests of Ukrainian citizens on the principles of transparency and accessibility ; Аналіз термінологійних наукових праць дав можливість виявити, що українська правоохоронна терміносистема (УПТ) в аспекті парадигматичних відношень ще не вивчалася. Парадигматичні зв'язки (синонімія, антонімія, паронімія) в УПТ відображають етапи становлення й розвитку правоохоронного термінологійного корпусу. Запропоновано основні напрями унормування УПТ як нової трансформованої системи, що зумовить подальше формування якісно нового поліційного органу, покликаного захищати права та інтереси громадян України на засадах прозорості й доступності.

Military language of the 21-st century and its modernization belong to the topical issues of modern Ukrainian linguistics, a solution of which is impossible without the study of the history of researches of Ukrainian military vocabulary, that lays a foundation for the creation of sectoral and professional terms and complexes. The aim of this scientific survey has been defined as the study of the scientific experience of researches of Ukrainian military vocabulary and formation of national military language in diachronic aspect; the main purpose of realization of the specified aim requires the analysis of linguistic sources, representing specified topic at different historic periods of the Ukrainian community. The author supports generally accepted periodization of the development of Ukrainian military language, whereby she analyses linguistic surveys while acknowledging their conceptional features on the background of historical and social development of Ukrainian society. The author entertains the view that the process of the formation of the Ukrainian military subsystem resulted from intralingual and extralingual factors. The first one reflects the actual process of language development, ways of its modification in general, and the second one represents a cause-and-effect relationship of such development and it is related to sociohistorical development of society. Diachronic analysis of the study of Ukrainian military vocabulary has shown that the specified system has rich scientific and lexicographical upgrades, that had been neither fully researched nor understood. The professional sphere of military science has to be developed, since the modern military language maintains a ramified system of services and units, showing specificity, conditioned by the field of activity, forming independently and developing their own terminological thesauruses. The topicality of terminology description of the National Police of Ukraine, making professional dictionaries and guide lists have been described.Key words: Ukrainian military vocabulary, national military language, diachrony, periodization of development of Ukrainian military language, professional dictionary, the National Police of Ukraine. ; Діахронічний аналіз вивчення української військової лексики показав, що зазначена система має багатий науковий і лексикографічний доробок, який ще повною мірою не досліджений і не осмислений. Потребує розробки фахова сфера військової науки, оскільки сучасна військова термінологія обслуговує розгалужену систему служб і підрозділів, що виявляють зумовлену сферою діяльності специфіку, розвиваються самостійно й формують власні термінологічні тезауруси. Зазначено нагальність опису термінології Національної поліції України, укладання фахових словників і покажчиків.Ключові слова: діахронія, українська військова лексика, українська військова термінологія, фаховий словник, Національна поліція України.

Ukrainian law-enforcement terminology belongs to the most ancient professional systems of Ukrainian language, the origin of which began in a primitive society. It was created simultaneously with the necessity to protect social institutions, as evidenced by the first historical sources, such as "Ruska Pravda", (11–12 cent.), that is the first annalistic code of judicial laws of the ancient Rus-Ukraine and it represents all legal proceedings of the 11th century, safe protection measures, rights and interests of members of society; "The Primary Chronicle" (11-12 cent.), where remarkable historical events are chronologically recorded, and eligible facts from the lives of our ancestors are described and explained; "Galician-Volynian Chronicle" (13 cent.), that chronologically recorded the main events of origin, development and decline of the Galicia and Volhynia Kingdom. Lawenforcement terms are fixed by the earliest historical records, interchanged and operate alongside military and judicial terminology. Taking into account the number of scientific studies, dedicated to military and legal language, scientists did not focus their attention namely on law-enforcement terminology as on an operational vocabulary of police service, that makes this study relevant in this area. The aim of the scientific study is to select and describe law-enforcement terminology of the first written historical relics as a basis of social and state structure of our ancestors. Formation of law-enforcement terminology is closely related to the beginning of life in society and social development, emergence of traditions, and rules of behavior in it, and thus the necessity to regulate such relations. The completeness of identified lexical and thematic groups of Ukrainian law-enforcement terminology clearly reflects the facts of life of the Kyivan Rus period. The study of the peculiarities of development of law-enforcement terminological complex within specified period on the material of historical relics will help to normalize the modern law-enforcement terminology as the specialized paradigm that meets the needs of the professional police activity and emphasizes the importance of rebuilding of the process of origin and development of law-enforcement terminology in diachrony for the formation of the professional thesaurus of modern police officers ; Аналіз наукових і лексикографічних праць показав, що формування української правоохоронної термінології бере свій початок із часів появи первісного суспільства, коли з'явилася потреба захищати інтереси людей. Зазначено, що дослідження особливостей генези правоохоронного термінокомплексу в період Київської Русі на матеріалі історичних пам'яток дасть змогу унормувати правоохоронну термінологію як спеціалізовану систему понять, що забезпечує потреби фахової поліційної діяльності. Наголошено на важливості відтворення процесу зародження й розвитку правоохоронної термінології в діахронії для формування фахового тезаурусу сучасного поліцейського.