Suchergebnisse

Статья посвящена анализу посредничества во взяточничестве, так как этот вопрос является дискуссионным в науке уголовного права. Автор исследует вопрос о том, что введенная в УК РФ ст. 291.1 «Посредничество во взяточничестве» отличается значительным несовершенством, так как этой статьей в качестве основного состава преступления предусмотрена ответственность за посредничество в получении и даче взятки только в значительном размере, что исключает ответственность для посредничества во взяточничестве в обычном размере. По мнению автора, часть 5 ст. 291.1 УК РФ, предусматривающая уголовную ответственность за обещание или предложение посредничества во взяточничестве, является излишней и предлагает новую редакцию статьи 291.1. Посредничество во взяточничестве, что приведет к совершенствованию уголовного законодательства и, соответственно, упрощению практики применения данного состава преступления. ; The article is devoted to mediation in bribery, as this issue is controversial in the science of criminal law. The author explores the question of what is introduced into the criminal code senior 291.1 "Mediation in bribery" is very imperfect, as this article as the main elements of crime envisaged responsibility for help in obtaining and bribe only in large size, which excludes liability for intermediation in bribery normal size. According to the author, part 5 tbsp. 291.1 of the criminal code provides criminal liability for the promise or offer of mediation in bribery is unnecessary and offers a new edition of the article 291.1. Intermediation in bribery, that will lead to the improvement of criminal legislation and, accordingly, to simplify the practice of application of this crime

Статья посвящена анализу правового статуса главы органа местного самоуправления как субъекта особо квалифицированного состава получения взятки, так как этот вопрос является дискуссионным в науке уголовного права. Автор исследует вопрос о том, кого имел в виду законодатель, указывая в УК РФ в качестве главы органа местного самоуправления: то ли главу муниципального образования, являющегося высшим должностным лицом муниципального образования, то ли руководителей органа муниципального образования, включая руководителей представительного органа муниципального образования, исполнительно-распорядительного органа муниципального образования (главу местной администрации являющуюся главой муниципального образования). По мнению автора необходимо изменить часть 4 ст. 290 УК РФ, где вместо слов «а равно главой органа местного самоуправления», указать «а равно руководителей органов местного самоуправления», при этом, под такими лицами будут пониматься как руководители представительного органа муниципального образования, так и местной администрации, глава муниципального образования, что упростит реализацию правоприменителю данной нормы. ; The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal status of the head of the local government as a subject of particularly qualified staff of bribery, as this issue is controversial in the science of criminal law. The author investigates the question of who was referring to the legislator, pointing in the criminal code as the head of the local government: whether the head of the municipality, which is the highest official of the municipality, the leaders of the authority of the municipality, including heads of the representative body of the municipal formation, the Executive-administrative body of a municipal formation (the head of the local administration which is the head of the municipal formation). In the author's opinion it is necessary to change part 4 tbsp. 290 of the criminal code, where instead of the words "as well as the head of the local government", to specify "as well as heads of bodies of local self-government", under such persons would be understood as the heads of the representative body of the municipality and local administration, the head of the municipality, which will facilitate the implementation of the authority of this provision

Описывается визит П.А. Столыпина в Томск осенью 1910 г. в ходе его поездки по Сибири с целью ознакомления на месте с ходом и результатами переселенческой политики. В Томске он и главноуправляющий землеустройством и земледелием А.В. Кривошеин посетили университет и технологический институт, высоко оценив значение Томска как научного центра. Кроме того, они встретились с представителями местных властей и деловых кругов, побывали в Переселенческом управлении, где интересовались вопросами переселения в Сибирь. ; In article the author writes about visiting Tomsk by Chairman of theCcounciljf Ministers of Russia P.A.Stolypinym and main agriculture land manager A.V.Krivoshein during their joint trip to Siberia (1910). Tomsk at that time was not only an administrative center of Tomsk province, but also a large scientifically-educational center in Russia. There were two higher educational institutions in Tomsk: University and Institute of Technology. Already after visiting of a city by P.A.Stolypinym in the autumn of 1910 the Siberian Higher Female Courses had been opened in Tomsk. P.A.Stolypin and A.V.Krivoshein visited University and Institute of Technology. At a meeting with a management of high schools and professors the problem of opening of new faculties was discussed. Honored guests examined library, museums, offices, visited a student's hostel. P.A.Stolypin underlined value of Tomsk as center of science of Siberia. Representatives of city administration at a meeting with Chairman of the Council Ministers brought up a question on construction of the Altay railway which should promote increase in export of the grain which was grown in Altai. In Tomsk resettlement problems were mentioned, the prospect of colonization of Narymsky edge was discussed. At the end honored guests visited district survey of district hospital. In summary the conclusion is done that the head of the government of Russia during a trip to Siberia attached great value to development of Tomsk as scientifically-educational center of Siberia. This Siberian city continues to keep and develop today the traditions put still in the end XIX-beginning ХХ centuries. Two high schools which P.A.Stolypin visited in 1910 (Tomsk Polytechnical and Tomsk State Universities), have received the status «National research university».

На основе архивных документов, периодической печати, источников личного происхождения и исследовательской литературы реконструируется повседневная жизнь университетского сообщества г. Томска в период революционных событий 1917 г. Отражается реакция профессорско-преподавательского состава и студентов на революционные события в Петрограде, а также на приход к власти большевиков. Анализируются попытки студенчества и младших преподавателей получить представительство с правом решающего голоса в Совете, факультетах и других структурах университета и их влияние на повседневные практики взаимоотношений внутри сообщества. Раскрываются материальное положение университета, изменения, происходившие в нем в связи с открытием новых факультетов. Характеризуется участие представителей университетского сообщества в общественно-политической жизни города и страны. ; The article reconstructs the daily life of the university community of Tomsk during the revolutionary events of 1917 by the materials of archival documents, periodical press, sources of personal origin and the research literature. It is noted that the changes in everyday university life had began even earlier and were connected with the First World War: financing problems, a number of professors' and instructors' missions to the army, military quarters in the buildings of the university and in its campus, fuel and electricity shortages, the introduction of accelerated training of doctors. The reaction of students and professors of Tomsk University to the event of the February revolution, as well as to the Bolsheviks' coming to power, is shown. The process of democratization of the University by creating a council of monitors and younger teachers union is considered as well as its influence on the relations between the professors, on the one hand, and professors and students, on the other hand, which manifested itself not only in the struggle for representation of the latter in the Council, departmental meetings and other structures, but also in the course of the conflict between the professors of the Law Faculty. It is noted that even before the official decision of the Ministry of Education on the question of participation of students and junior teachers in the administrative structures of universities, Tomsk University Council admitted their representatives to the faculty meetings in an advisory capacity. Factors are noted that impacted the high social activity of students and junior teachers. The preparation for the opening of new faculties and how it affected the life of the University, the composition of students and professors are observed. In particular, the activities of the university administration to free the main building, the student dormitory and part of the clinics from the military quarters, to do repair works are considered. The financial and living conditions of students and faculty members are shown; the role and place of the university in the public life of the city and participation of its representatives in various public events (elections to local authorities and the Constituent Assembly, delegating to the Local Council and others) are determined. It is concluded that the change in everyday practices, life and living conditions in the university community in 1917 was connected with the events that took place in the country. The increase in the public activity reflected in the relationship between professors and students. The advent of a new historical epoch in perspective radically changed the "life-world" of the university community. However, many new trends in the practices of relationships within the University, which appeared during the revolutionary events of 1917, were later developed in the years of the Civil War and especially in the Soviet era of the 1920s.

На материалах архивных документов, источников личного происхождения, периодической печати и научной литературы исследуются условия научно-исследовательской и педагогической, общественной и досуговой повседневности местных и эвакуированных в Томск ученых. Рассматриваются особенности продовольственного снабжения ученых. Анализируется «жизненный мир» научной интеллигенции города, в котором важное место занимала научная деятельность в интересах обороны и тыла. ; In this article, the daily life of Tomsk scholars during the Great Patriotic War is studied on the materials of archival documents, personal sources, periodicals, scientific literature. The authors describe the dynamic changes in the city image with the outbreak of the war, in connection with the relocation of industrial enterprises and universities and research institutes to Tomsk from the European part of the USSR. It is noted that the communal economy and transport communications of Tomsk in the period under review were underdeveloped. Only at the end of the war the foundations of communal economy were laid. Representatives of the academic community of the city, united around the wartime public coordinating body the Tomsk Committee of Scholars, played a major role in this process. A conclusion is made that the beginning of the war, especially the winter of 1941-1942, was the most difficult period in terms of money and daily life organization for scholars evacuated to Tomsk. It is shown that the lack of public transport, loss of buildings by Tomsk universities and research institutes, lack of fuel and electricity significantly influenced the living and working conditions of the city's intellectuals. The conditions of the housing of evacuated scholars in Tomsk are considered. Based on the analysis of government and local regulations and orders, a conclusion is made about the status differentiation of scholars in income and distribution categories. It is stated that throughout the war years there repeatedly were problems with the supply of scholars with food and industrial goods. A conclusion is that the Tomsk Committee of Scholars was very active in improving the food supply, housing, etc. The academic community in the war period acted as a corporate counterpart of the city and regional party structures, which indicated the formation of the city scholars' social identity. The authors identify three main clusters of everyday life of Tomsk scholars in wartime: research and pedagogical, social and recreational. It is specified that research activities occupied most part of scholars' time. The authors study the basic forms of public activity of academic intelligentsia that were specific in wartime: collecting warm clothing, money and valuables for the defense fund, assistance to families of soldiers, etc. It is stressed that the intense and effective research work of scholars was based on the fundamentally patriotic sense of duty to the country, which found itself in mortal danger. However, there were specific interactions and features of everyday practices of scholars, and indifference, the narrow-minded position, the primacy of personal enrichment, unwillingness to participate actively in academic research designed to help the front were condemned. It is concluded that during the Great Patriotic War Tomsk developed the necessary material and moral conditions for the dynamic development of science and technology.

На основе архивных документов и периодической печати реконструируется процесс «чистки» студентов в Томском государственном университете в конце 1920-х гг. в ходе кампании по пролетаризации вузов. Прослеживается судьба нескольких студентов университета, подвергшихся «чистке». Делается вывод, что эта «чистка» стала последней в череде подобного рода мер, предпринимаемых в ходе пролетаризации высшей школы, и не была такой массовой, как «чистки» 1922, 1924, 1925 гг. ; On the basis of archival materials and periodicals the article traces the course of the purge of students at Tomsk State University during the university proletarization campaign of the late 1920s. By that time the university had only two faculties: Mathematics and Physics and Medical. The number of students declined sharply. If in 1920 Tomsk State University had 4910 students, in 1929 it had only 1409. This was due to both the outflow of students who found themselves in Tomsk during the Civil War, the closure of a number of faculties, the changed conditions of admission to universities, as well as purging and checks of students by academic and class principles. A way to university proletarization, in addition to the admission of graduates of worker faculties, was enrollment of students sent by the Party, Komsomol and trade union organizations until the 1925/26 academic year. It is noted that at this time there was no radical change in the social composition of TSU students, despite the measures taken. Senior students were mostly (46 %) children of civil employees and the intelligentsia. The qualitative composition of the worker-peasant stratum was not homogeneous. The Party and government bodies urged to radically change the attitude to the admission of students, emphasizing the "sequential class selection of new entrants, on the one hand, and the fight against the attrition of proletarian and peasant entrants, especially farm laborers and the poor, on the other". A General Directorate of Vocational Education Decree (1929) proposed to expel "elements clearly corrupting these institutions when they are found in the daily work of student organizations, boards of higher education institutions and of worker faculties and colleges". However, it was recommended to be particularly cautious in deciding to expel final year students. The article shows how this procedure was implemented by describing the fate of a number of university students who were purged in late 1928 and in 1929. The conclusion is that the purge of the late 1920s. was the last in a series of this kind of measures taken during the proletarization of higher education. It was no longer as broad as the purges in 1922, 1924, 1925. A thorough check of all the circumstances of a particular student preceded the decision to expel. The purged had an opportunity to appeal the decision of the University Board at higher bodies of public education or at persons authorized by the People's Commissariat of Education at universities. At the same time a requirement appeared to identify more closely the social and economic status of persons admitted to universities.

В статье анализируются материалы сибирских газет «Томские губернские ведомости», «Утро Сибири», «Сибирская жизнь» за 1916 г. на предмет освещения в них событий на Юго-Западном фронте в период Брусиловского прорыва в мае–сентябре 1916 г. Рассматриваются основные типы газетных публикаций, отразивших ход наступательной операции русской армии и войны в целом. Это сводки из зоны боевых действий, полученные от Петроградского телеграфного агентства и штаба Верховного главнокомандующего, репортажи и статьи корреспондентов центральных газет, содержащие яркие зарисовки фронтовых будней, письма с фронта и др. На основании этих публикаций население могло составить себе картину происходящего на фронте, проявить инициативу в оказании необходимой помощи. Она выразилась в деятельности Сибирского общества помощи раненым и его отделов на местах, сборе пожертвований, открытии в Томске Дома раненых, реабилитации воинов после лечения в госпиталях, снабжении уходящих с фронта теплой одеждой и т. п. Делается вывод о том, что население Сибири было достаточно информировано о происходившем на фронте. Материалы сибирских газет позволяют реконструировать картину военного мира русского человека времен второй Отечественной войны. ; The article analyzes the 1916 material of the Siberian newspapers "Tomsk Provincial News", "Morning Star" and "Siberian Life" which reported the events on the SouthWestern Front during the Brusilov Break-Through in May-September 1916. The basic type of newspaper articles which reflect the course of the offensive of the Russian Army and the war in general are reviewed. This is a summary of the combat zone received from the Petrograd Telegraph Agency and the Staff of the Supreme Commander, reports and articles by correspondents of major newspapers that contain vivid sketches of daily front-line events, letters from the front and others. On the basis of these publications the population could create a picture as to what was happening at the front and show initiative to provide necessary assistance. It was expressed in the work of the Siberian Benevolent Society by helping the wounded, by helping in collecting donations, in opening the House of Wounded Soldiers in Tomsk, the rehabilitation and treatment in hospitals, in supplying those coming from the front with warm clothing, etc. The conclusion is that the population of Siberia had been informed enough about what was happening at the front. The material in the Siberian newspapers make it possible to reconstruct a picture of the military world of a Russian in the period of the Second Patriotic War.

В статье на основе исследовательской литературы и публикаций в томской газете «Сибирская жизнь» реконструируется история создания и деятельности 4-го Сибирского томского передового врачебно-питательного отряда на Юго-Западном фронте в 1915–1916 гг. Созданный по инициативе Сибирского общества помощи раненым и на деньги, собранные обществом в качестве пожертвований разных учреждений и частных лиц, Всероссийским союзом городов, он занимался оказанием врачебной помощи раненым воинам на фронте и улучшением общего и санитарного состояния воинских частей. Врачебная помощь, как и продовольственная, оказывалась и местному населению, в том числе и русинам. Личный состав отряда включал в основном уроженцев Томской губернии и Сибири. Общественность Томска постоянно поддерживала связь с отрядом. Неоднократно организовывался сбор пожертвований, белья, медикаментов и подарков. Делается вывод, что работа томского врачебно-питательного отряда, как и других таких же отрядов на Юго-Западном фронте, несомненно, способствовала поддержанию боеготовности воинских частей и успешному наступлению русской армии в ходе Брусиловского прорыва в 1916 г. ; In the article, on the basis of research literature and publications in the Tomsk newspaper "Siberian Life", there is reconstructed the history of the creation and activity of the 4th Siberian Advanced Medical and Nutritional Detachment of Tomsk on the South-Western front in 1915-1916. Created at the initiative of the Siberian Society, which helped the wounded, the money collected from donations by various institutions and individuals, the All-Russian Union of Cities provided medical assistance to the wounded soldiers at the front and improved the overall health and sanitary conditions of military units. Medical care as well as food was provided to the local populace including the Rusins. The personnel of the detachment consisted mainly of the inhabitants of the Province of Tomsk and Siberia. The Tomsk public was kept in constant touch with the unit. It organized the collection of donations, clothes, medicines and gifts. It is concluded that the work of the Tomsk Medical and Nutritional detachment as well as other such groups at the South-Western Front undoubtedly contributed to the maintenance of the combat readiness of military units and the successful offensive of the Russian Army during the Brusilov Breakthrough in 1916.

На материалах публицистических статей, опубликованных на страницах всеславянского периодического издания «Славянский век» (1900–1905 гг.), исследуются политические убеждения и мировоззрение известного хорватского политического деятеля, основателя Хорватской народной крестьянской партии, одного из самых почитаемых исторических деятелей Хорватии Степана Радича. В его публицистике нашли отражение духовные поиски славянской интеллигенции конца XIX – начала XX в. и те политические идеалы, которые автор стремился заложить в основание независимости славянских народов. Также рассматриваются критическое восприятие Радичем философии и государственного устройства современных для него западно-европейских стран, особенности межэтнических взаимоотношений в Европе начала XX в., когда славянские народы оказались в положении бесправного и отверженного социального слоя. Деятельность и работы С. Радича позволили затронуть и важную проблему зарождения сербо-хорватских конфликтов и явление сербофобии, которые в XX в. достигли критической точки. ; On materials of journalistic articles published on the pages of Slavic periodical "Slavic Century" (1900–1905), the article examines the political beliefs of famous Croatian politician, founder of the Croatian People's Peasant Party, one of the most revered historical figures of Croatia Stjepan Radic. His journalism reflected the spiritual quest of Slavic intellectuals in the late XIX – early XX centuries and the political ideals that the author has tried to lay in the foundation of the independence of Slavic peoples. It is also considered critical perception of Radic's philosophy and political structure of Western European countries, especially the inter-ethnic relations in Europe in the beginning of XX century, when the Slavic peoples were in the position of powerlessness and rejection of social stratum. The activities and work of S. Radic allowed to touch upon the important issue of origin of the Serbo-Croatian conflict and the phenomenon of serbophobia, that in the XX century reached a critical point.

На основе архивных документов, периодической печати г. Томска, воспоминаний освещается история организации и деятельности Дома учёных (до 1934 г. клуб учёных) во второй половине 1920-х начале 1940-х гг., анализируются научная, консультационная, научно-популяризаторская, культурно-просветительская формы его работы, а также организация досуга и отдыха научных работников города и их семей. Выясняются его место и роль в жизни научного сообщества. ; On the basis of archival documents, periodicals and memories the history of the Tomsk Scientist Club (The House of Scientists since 1934) in the second half of the 1920s the beginning of the 1940s is described, its scientific, consulting and popularization functions, cultural and educational forms of activity, as well as leisure and entertainment of scientific workers are analyzed. The circumstances of the organization of the Scientist Club under the Section of Scientific Workers of the District Union of Educators are considered. It is noted that the Tomsk Scientist Club was one of the first in the country, along with such kind of institutions of scientific intellectuals in St. Petersburg (Leningrad), Moscow, Kazan and other Russian scientific centers. At first, its activities were mainly cultural and entertaining in the form of family relaxing evenings with satirical interludes ("Kangaroo"), prompting criticism from the local authorities and accusation in political apathy and "inner emigration". At the same time scientific popularization work in the form of organization of lectures and presentations was conducted. In early 1933, the Club had its own building (Tomsk Governor's house before 1917), formerly occupied by the City Council, and it received its present name the House of Scientists. All this helped to strengthen its financial base and expand areas of activities. The House of Scientists was headed by a board elected at the meetings of members, whose number exceeded 400 people. The House of Scientists had 7 sections and several clubs, including children ones. Along with the organization of public lectures, film shows, radio lectures, concerts, literary evenings, the Tomsk House of Scientists established business contacts with the industrial enterprises of the West Siberian region, primarily Kuzbass, in 1935. In 1940, a consulting bureau which was engaged in oral and written consulting of industrial enterprises of the region, as well as of graduate students and researchers was organized at the House of Scientists. The budget of the House of Scientists consisted of funds for its maintenance allocated by universities, trade unions and also of membership fees and its own income. However, the work of the House of Scientists was often criticized by the municipal party bodies and the media. The conclusion is that the House of Scientists played an important role in the life of the academic community of Tomsk. The article stresses that the experience of the consulting bureau at the House of Scientists was used in the organization of the Tomsk Committee at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 19411945.

На основании архивных документов, хранящихся в Национальном музее Республики Татарстан в фонде В.М. Флоринско-го, а также в Отделе рукописей и книжных памятников Научной библиотеки Томского государственного университета, реконструируется первая попытка создания Ботанического сада при Томском университете в 1880-1881 гг. Рассматривается вклад в это дело члена Строительного комитета от Министерства народного просвещения В.М. Флоринского и хранителя строительных материалов при Строительном комитете М.А. Шестакова. Приводятся результаты их деятельности. Уточняется дата основания Ботанического сада при Императорском Томском (Сибирском) университете. ; On the basis of archival documents stored in the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan in V.M. Florinsky Fund, as well as in the Department of Manuscripts and Book Monuments of the TSU Research Library, the first attempt to establish the Botanical Garden at the University of Tomsk in 1880-1881 is reconstructed. It is noted that this educational and subsidiary part of the Imperial Tomsk University, which had appeared before classes at the university began, later played an important role not only in training but also in the scientific study and development of the Siberian region. The ideologist of the organization of the Botanical Garden was a member of the Construction Committee of the Ministry of Education, later a trustee of the West Siberian Educational District V.M. Florinsky. In 1875, three years before the establishment of the Siberian Tomsk University, V.M. Florinsky planned the construction of the Botanical Garden. Originally, he planned to place it behind the main building of the university, between its two wings. However, at the beginning of the works by the Construction Committee it became clear that the land for the construction of the Botanical Garden of the University was not enough. At the initiative of V.M. Florinsky Tomsk city government donated an additional area of 16 hectares to accommodate the Botanical Garden with greenhouses and an observatory. This allowed beginning works on the territory allocated for the Botanical Garden already in the fall of 1880. Since January 1881, the Construction Committee began the process of finding contractors for the erection of wooden buildings for an astronomical observatory and a botanical garden with greenhouses and hothouses, as well as for cleaning the territory allotted for the Botanical Section. At the same, in the summer of 1880, V.M. Florinsky thought about the layout of the Botanical Garden. In order to implement it, V.M. Florinsky accepted an offer to make a free-of-charge "arrangement of nurseries and schools for plants" from M.A. Shestakov who hoped to become a gardener after the opening of the Botanical Garden. In August 18, 1880, M.A. Shestakov was appointed superintendent of building materials. By the end of autumn 1880, M.A. Shestakov built a "fence with three gates" whose length was 345 linear fathoms. About three acres of land needed for planting and transplanting plants were cultivated. 135 varieties of trees and artisanal plants were planted that could survive the climate of Tomsk. However, in the process of works a conflict aroused between M.A. Shestakov and Chairman of the Building Committee V.I. Mertsalov that led to the dismissal of M.A. Shestakov. Thus, in July 1885, when P.N. Krylov came to Tomsk, the seeds and some constructions of greenhouses were already there.

На материалах архивных документов, документальных публикаций, источников личного происхождения и периодической печати в статье реконструирован томский период жизни и деятельности известного советского биолога, ученого и педагога Бориса Петровича Токина. Особое внимание уделено его деятельности на посту директора (ректора) Томского государственного университета, а в годы Великой Отечественной войны председателя Томского комитета ученых, одного из первых в стране, объединившего усилия ученых для решения актуальных задач помощи фронту и тылу. ; The article is devoted to the life and work of Boris Petrovich Tokin. Particular emphasis is placed on the Tomsk period (19361946). During this period he was the Director (Rector) of Tomsk State University for some time (from August 1936 to November 1937) In this short time, B.P. Tokin paid special attention to developing research and educational activities of the university, the first Siberian university. Under him, the Assembly Hall of the Fundamental Library of the University was transformed into a student''s reading room. In the article on the basis of documents and memories, events were reconstructed associated with the removal of B.P. Tokin from his office as the Director, his expulsion from the party in November 1937 and subsequent arrest in February 1938. A year later, B.P. Tokin was acquitted for innocence, restored in the party and continued to work at the University of Tomsk first as a professor of the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology (from March 1, 1939), and in December 1939 he was appointed HeaD of the Dynamics (mechanics) of the Animal Organism Department. The article reflects the activities of B.P. Tokin as a scientist. For a long time he was engaged in the problems of cell division, in research on the ontogeny of the cells, the nature of mitogenic rays. The result was the discovery of plant-derived microbicides, called phytoncides. Later, in 1950, already in the Leningrad period of his life, B.P. Tokin was awarded the Stalin Prize, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. Shortly after the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, B.P. Tokin became the head of Tomsk Scholar Committee to promote the industry of transport and agriculture in wartime. The first of such public bodies in the country, it had worked throughout the years of the war and joined the efforts of scientists of different specialties. On the eve of the war, Tomsk was the largest scientific and educational center of Siberia. In the first months of the war, several universities and research institutes were evacuated from the European part of the country. About 900 professors and associate professors out of 130 thousand inhabitants lived in Tomsk at the time. As Chairman of Tomsk Scholar Committee B.P. Tokin fully realized diverse organizational activities. Protocols of meetings of the presidium, plenum and bureau of Tomsk Scholar Committee give a clear idea about what kind of contribution to the victory over the enemy Tomsk scientists made. The committee extended its activities over the whole Siberia. The paper provides concrete examples of various work of the Committee in the interests of defense and national economy. It is emphasized that it allowed mobilizing the scientific resources, directing their activities to the quick solution of military-economic problems, strengthening the cooperation of science and industry.

На основе архивных источников (отчеты, справки, протоколы заседаний партийных и профсоюзных органов) и периодической печати реконструируется история становления органов студенческого самоуправления в Томском государственном университете в 1920-е гг. Особое внимание уделяется характеристике профсоюзной студенческой организации: структуре, деятельности (учеба, быт, стипендии, досуг, вневузовская и т.д.). Прослеживается влияние на работу студенческих профсоюзов со стороны партийных органов. ; On the basis of archival sources (reports, certificates, protocols of meetings of party and trade union bodies) and periodicals there is reconstructed the history of the forming institutions of student selfgovernment at Tomsk State University in the 1920s. It is noted that attempts to create student organizations were taken soon after the release of Tomsk on whites. Initiative was showed by a few students communists and then komsomol ones. Efforts and attempts to revive the fraternities. Form of grassroots student organizations had become subject commissions which took an active part in the reform of curricula, teaching methods, teachers elections through competition, etc. The students were presented in the board of the university too. At the same time, the increased participation of students in the management of university was met by professors with resistance. One of the most effective forms of student government became trade unions. Trade union organizations more clearly and objectively reflected the composition of the student at the time. Initially, it looked as follows: 1) profsections; 2) faculty committees; 3) the trade union executive bureau. During the period of reorganization of profsections, faculty committees were abolished and instead there appeared trade union committees. Profsections permanent representatives along with the trade union committees became steel union delegates. The article deals with the various activities of student union organizations, covering all aspects of life of the university: academic performance and improvement of the quality of learning; subscription on the industrialization loan; distribution of scholarships and places in hostels, cultural and sports activities, literacy, patronage, etc. At the same time, according to documents, student independence of trade unions was far from complete. The students were under active control of communist fractions. The party organization played a crucial role in deciding many problems including trade union life, depriving trade unions initiative that ultimately played a negative impact on their work. Union members, the majority of students, showed little interest in participation in the life of the university. As a result, the apparent non-partisan solidarity with the party of students and managers were often negative in the work of profsections. There was concluded that in contrast to the minority at the time of the party and komsomol organizations aimed at providing the maximum impact on the activities of trade unions, it was the latter which began to form associations of considerable mass of students. The experience of self-organization of students gained in the 1920s., сan be claimed today too.

В статье рассматривается сюжет из истории Сибири, связанный с использованием Россией ее природного, экономического и демографического потенциала для оборонных нужд в период Первой мировой войны. Отмечается, что при большом количестве литературы по истории этого региона в период той войны большая ее часть посвящена анализу состояния сибирского общества накануне и в период революции 1917 г. Вопросы же, связанные с участием Сибири и сибиряков в войне, только начинают изучаться. Приводятся факты, свидетельствующие о том, что аграрная колонизуемая окраина, каковой являлась Сибирь в начале ХХ в., отдала армии около 1 млн солдат, или 42 % работоспособных мужчин, стала одним из важнейших поставщиков продовольствия, основным источником пополнения золотого запаса страны. Но она не была существенным поставщиком боеприпасов и оборудования вследствие слабости промышленности. В Сибири, как и во всей стране, прошли мобилизационные мероприятия. Крупные промышленные предприятия и транспорт были переведены на военное положение. Автор пришел к выводу, что ресурсы Сибири не были реализованы в полной мере из-за распада транспортной системы и неэффективных действий властей. ; The article discusses the topic of the history of Siberia concerning the use of its natural, economic and demographic potential for defence needs during the First World War. The author notes that although a large amount of literature on the history of Siberia during the war has been published, most of researches are devoted to assessing the Siberian society before and during the revolution of 1917. The issues related to the participation of Siberia and the Siberians in the war have just begun to be explored. The paper gives evidence that this colonized agrarian outlying region, which was Siberia in the early 20th century, provided the army with about 1 million soldiers or 42% able-bodied men, and became one of the most important suppliers of food and the main source of the country's gold reserves, but it was not a significant supplier of ammunition and equipment, due to weak industry. Mobilization was conducted in Siberia as well as throughout the country. Large industrial enterprises and transport were put on war footing. The author concludes that the government did not make full use of the resources of Siberia due to the collapse of the transport system and ineffective activities of the authorities.

На основе архивных и опубликованных документов, а также периодической печати и источников личного происхождения реконструирован томский период научной биографии профессора по кафедре истории русского права Императорского Томского университета И.А. Малиновского. Особое внимание уделено его работе над магистерской диссертацией, посвященной раде Великого княжества Литовского в связи с боярской думой древней Руси. Сделан вывод о том, что томский период сыграл важную роль в становлении И.А. Малиновского как ученого-правоведа. ; On the basis of archival and published documents, as well as periodicals and sources of personal origin there was reconstructed period Tomsk scientific biography of professor of history of Russian law Imperial Tomsk University, I.A Malinowski. Special attention is paid to work on his master's thesis on Rada Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the Boyar Duma ancient. As a result, he concluded that the basis of the political system of ancient Russia consisted three elements: a monarchy (the prince), aristocratic (Boyar Duma) and democratic (Chamber). In the future, IA Malinowski continued to work on the same problem, defending after departure from Tomsk (1912) at Kharkov University dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Laws, dedicated to evolution of the Lithuanian-Russian state. The article also analyzed the teaching, public and social activities of the scientist. IA Malinowski gave public lectures, took an active part in the work of the Law Society at Tomsk State University, edited the local newspaper "Siberian life." He was elected vice-chairman of the Company's student welfare (1904), member of the Committee of the Company's agricultural colonies and craft shelters, was appointed justice of the peace. I.A Malinowski was one of the organizers of a branch of the "People's Freedom" in Tomsk (1905). Details of the history of the publication of his book "Bloody Vengeance and the death penalty" in support of the State Duma is shown. Deputers of State Duma were demanding the abolition of the death penalty. The author was subjected to prosecution. Finally, the conclusion has been done that the Tomsk period played an important role in the career of I.A Malinowski as academics.