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The article defines the main stages of closing down the churches throughout Kyiv eparchy and their characteristics and establishes the number of closed and destroyed churches. Claims that with the advent of Bilshovyk power, they opened a new page of state and church relationships. The communist party (B) was granted with all the possibilities to realize the problem goals in religious questions. Antireligious fight of Bilshovyk state was directed against Christianity as an active religion and especially against Orthodox as the biggest branch of Christianity in the state of that period of time.It is found that after confiscating church treasures, the Soviet government launched a campaign for the mass closure of churches, monasteries and convents and the destruction of churches, which attempted to present as «an initiative of local authorities with active public support». Only nowadays it is possible to trace the real preconditions, causes, nature and consequences of such a large-scale phenomenon in the period of soviet power. The Orthodox Church lost not only material, but also cultural values of its nation, which had been accumulated during many centuries.The judicial base of soviet power «campaign» against church was the Decree "On separation of church from the State and school from church» from January 20, 1918 and also People's Commissariat of Justice of the RSFSR instruction «On carrying out the decree" enacted in August 1918. That time the church property confiscation and cult buildings shutdown began, in particular, on the territory of Kyivan diocese. It is specified that during the 1920s and 1930s more than 100 churches ceased tobe the objects of religious worship in Kyiv, their premises started to be used for business purposes and church cemeteries were turned into parks. In Kyiv, 42 temples were completely destroyed. Taking into account only towns and urban-type settlements, 44 churches of Kyiv eparchy were destroyed and 29 monastery churches were closed down, including 5 being completely destroyed.As a conclusion, it is noted that by the end of the 1930s most temples in the Kyiv Diocese had been liquidated. The closure and destruction of the churches took place according to a certain pattern. In major cities, city councils were approached by party directives that, in order to widen the street or construct a house, a church should be destroyed. In cities, church life was paralyzed almost completely. In rural areas, churches have remained in place thanks to the peasantry's persistent resistance to the anti-temple campaign of power. In addition, the authorities did not always manage to reach the remote villages, and because of that, the churches were preserved there.The churches taken from communities were, at best, used as clubs, libraries, theaters, museums and other cultural and educational institutions. Often they were used for business purposes (collective farms and granaries, warehouses, stables) or were simply closed down. ; У статті визначено основні етапи закриття храмів у межах Київської єпархії та їх характерні особливості, встановлено кількість закритих та зруйнованих церков. Встановлено, що, покінчивши з вилученням церковних цінностей, радянська влада розгорнула кампанію із масового закриття церков, монастирів, руйнування храмів, яку намагалася подати як «ініціативу місцевих органів влади за активної підтримки громадськості».Встановлено, що упродовж 1920–1930-х рр. у м. Києві було виведено з культового використання понад 100 храмів, їх приміщення передавали для господарських потреб, церковні цвинтарі перетворювали на парки. У самому Києві повністю було знищено 42 храми. У межах єпархії, враховуючи тільки міста та селища міського типу, було зруйновано 44 церкви, 29 монастирських церков були закриті, 5 – повністю знищені.Вилучені у громад церкви, у кращому випадку, використовувалися як клуби, бібліотеки, театри, музеї, інші культурно-освітні заклади. Нерідко їх передавали під господарські потреби: колгоспні комори та зерносховища, склади, стайні або просто закривали.

The article defines the main stages of closing down the churches throughout Kyiv eparchy and their characteristics and establishes the number of closed and destroyed churches. Claims that with the advent of Bilshovyk power, they opened a new page of state and church relationships. The communist party (B) was granted with all the possibilities to realize the problem goals in religious questions. Antireligious fight of Bilshovyk state was directed against Christianity as an active religion and especially against Orthodox as the biggest branch of Christianity in the state of that period of time.It is found that after confiscating church treasures, the Soviet government launched a campaign for the mass closure of churches, monasteries and convents and the destruction of churches, which attempted to present as «an initiative of local authorities with active public support». Only nowadays it is possible to trace the real preconditions, causes, nature and consequences of such a large-scale phenomenon in the period of soviet power. The Orthodox Church lost not only material, but also cultural values of its nation, which had been accumulated during many centuries.The judicial base of soviet power «campaign» against church was the Decree "On separation of church from the State and school from church» from January 20, 1918 and also People's Commissariat of Justice of the RSFSR instruction «On carrying out the decree" enacted in August 1918. That time the church property confiscation and cult buildings shutdown began, in particular, on the territory of Kyivan diocese. It is specified that during the 1920s and 1930s more than 100 churches ceased tobe the objects of religious worship in Kyiv, their premises started to be used for business purposes and church cemeteries were turned into parks. In Kyiv, 42 temples were completely destroyed. Taking into account only towns and urban-type settlements, 44 churches of Kyiv eparchy were destroyed and 29 monastery churches were closed down, including 5 being completely destroyed.As a conclusion, it is noted that by the end of the 1930s most temples in the Kyiv Diocese had been liquidated. The closure and destruction of the churches took place according to a certain pattern. In major cities, city councils were approached by party directives that, in order to widen the street or construct a house, a church should be destroyed. In cities, church life was paralyzed almost completely. In rural areas, churches have remained in place thanks to the peasantry's persistent resistance to the anti-temple campaign of power. In addition, the authorities did not always manage to reach the remote villages, and because of that, the churches were preserved there.The churches taken from communities were, at best, used as clubs, libraries, theaters, museums and other cultural and educational institutions. Often they were used for business purposes (collective farms and granaries, warehouses, stables) or were simply closed down. ; У статті визначено основні етапи закриття храмів у межах Київської єпархії та їх характерні особливості, встановлено кількість закритих та зруйнованих церков. Встановлено, що, покінчивши з вилученням церковних цінностей, радянська влада розгорнула кампанію із масового закриття церков, монастирів, руйнування храмів, яку намагалася подати як «ініціативу місцевих органів влади за активної підтримки громадськості».Встановлено, що упродовж 1920–1930-х рр. у м. Києві було виведено з культового використання понад 100 храмів, їх приміщення передавали для господарських потреб, церковні цвинтарі перетворювали на парки. У самому Києві повністю було знищено 42 храми. У межах єпархії, враховуючи тільки міста та селища міського типу, було зруйновано 44 церкви, 29 монастирських церков були закриті, 5 – повністю знищені.Вилучені у громад церкви, у кращому випадку, використовувалися як клуби, бібліотеки, театри, музеї, інші культурно-освітні заклади. Нерідко їх передавали під господарські потреби: колгоспні комори та зерносховища, склади, стайні або просто закривали.