Етапи реформування середньої освіти Великої Британії (середина ХХ ст. – початок ХХІ ст.) ; The Stages of Secondary Education Reforms in Great Britain (the Middle of the Twentieth Century – the Beginning of the XXI-St Century)
У статті здійснено аналіз етапів реформування середньої освіти Великобританії. Висвітлено особливості структурних реформ, які впливають на процес становлення та розвиток освіти відповідно до законів ринкової економіки, що відбуваються в системі середньої освіти у Великобританії в середині ХХ століття і на початку ХХI століття протягом декількох політичних циклів, забезпечуючи тим самим їх узгодженість та ефективність. Схарактеризовано принципи конкуренції, механізми підвищення ефективності якості освіти. ; The article deals with the reforms of secondary education in Great Britain which are the doctrine of domestic comparativists. Recently, various aspects of the reforms and secondary education have been the subject of many dissertations. The current reform of secondary education experience of Great Britain is primarily due to the fact that there are active and successive changes that led to a significant improvement of the quality of its operations. The stages of reforms are primarily defined to justify government positions in various spheres and areas of social activity. The content and direction of educational reforms in the UK reflects the interests of the political forces that find themselves in power. The structural reforms taking place in the system of secondary education in the UK in the middle of the twentieth century and at the beginning of the XXI-st century had a continuous nature, lasted for several political cycles, thus ensuring their consistency and efficiency. In the middle of the XX-th century dramatic changes happened due to general processes of globalization that have affected the fundamentals of education. The cornerstone of all transformations in education is integration. The national education system steps into the era of continuous reform, whose main objective is to improve the quality of education in the process of convergence of national educational systems. One of the prerequisites for the successful development of any country is to ensure its future, largely depends on the current reform of the education system. The author stresses that neolabourists have chosen such guidelines for the reform of secondary education: 1) the development of education in accordance with the laws of the market economy is seen as the realization of a new national imperative of investing in the future of national economic prosperity; 2) awareness of the impossibility significant increase in government spending on social services and the simultaneous desire to comply with the ideas of social equality led to the implementation of the principle of "selective universalism"; 3) implementation of the principle of competition between schools in the state education sector; implementation of market mechanisms to improve the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of education; 4) competition is a response to the new strength and means to achieve balance. To improve the national system of secondary education in our country it is appropriate and necessary to study positive reforms of secondary education in the UK.