Suchergebnisse

Development of international tourism is a key direction for economic diversity of Middle Eastern countries. It provides favorable long-time economic aspects and enhances positive image of the region. The purpose of the research is to assess the current state and identify the factors of development of international tourism in the Middle East in order to validate priorities for tourism development applying specific features of each country. Based on comprehensive analysis of the main indicators of tourism, authors identified significant differentiation among countries and different contributions of tourism service exports to the development of national economies. The largest contribution of tourism service export is made by Lebanon, Jordan, Bahrain and the UAE to the national GDP and by the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt to the national exports. In terms of aggregate service exports the Palestinian Authority, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq have the highest contributions. The leading countries in the region are the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt, which account for two-thirds of the tourism service exports in the Middle East. Based on determining the average values for the region for each indicator, the authors ranked countries into "above average" and "below average" groups to account for the specific characteristics of tourism development in each country. Through the analysis, the authors justified and classified positive and destructive factors of tourism development in the region. The following priorities for tourism development were formulated for countries: focusing on the development of modern tourism infrastructure, especially in Yemen, Lebanon, Bahrain, and Kuwait; promoting tourist attractions; restoring tourist trust in the region's security (Syria, Iraq, Palestinian Authority, Israel, etc.); diversifying the tourism product (UAE, Qatar, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia); providing comprehensive services (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain); deepening intergovernmental cooperation and creating a joint regional tourism product (for all countries in the region).

The Southern Federal District has the necessary resources for the development of such a type of industrial production as the production of computers, electronic and optical products: the production base, labor resources and capital. Especially, the resources necessary for this are presented in the Rostov region, the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. The article presents possible scenarios for the development of the production of computers, electronic and optical means in the Southern Federal District under the economic sanctions imposed using cognitive modeling tools. An assessment of the effectiveness of regional industry programs or programs that have sections related to industry is given. Recommendations are given for improving the development of the production of computers, electronic and optical means by adjusting regional development programs.

The article analyzes the main transformational trends in the economy based on the implementation of the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. The main directions of digitalization in the financial, industrial, trade and social spheres are identified. The article discusses modern approaches to financial management based on the application of innovations, digital technologies and the principles of sustainable development. The research uses methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, methods of systematization, generalization of theoretical aspects in the field under study. Based on the results of the study, the systematization of modern tools and technologies of financial management in the context of digital transformation is carried out.

Universal basic income has emerged as a novel socio-economic concept in response to major social crises, periods of high unemployment, and the COVID-19 pandemic, stimulating considerable interest among academic and policy circles worldwide. Universal basic income offers a new socio-economic direction to mitigate economic inequality and address poverty, and this article provides a comprehensive analysis of its origins, development, and application. Through an exploration of the theoretical underpinnings, as well as an evaluation of the practical implementation of universal basic income, this article offers a more systematic understanding of this new institution and its impact on social protection systems. Drawing insights from prior experiences of universal basic income implementation, this article highlights important guidelines for the evolution of modern social protection systems.

The efficiency of China's economic development depends on investment in human capital, in particular investment in higher education. This article presents the main trends in the development of higher education over the past 10 years. Based on a comparative analysis of world rankings and domestic university rankings, combined with the actual situation in China, the current development of the academic industry is analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, the current performance of some universities has reached the level of world-class universities, especially in the field of basic scientific research. But there is a big gap with world-class universities in cutting-edge research, internationalization and talent development. Analyzing the key indicators of the development of the academic industry in China, the author draws attention to the need to increase the international competitiveness of China's scientific research and international public recognition. To do this, it is necessary to balance the distribution of resources between regions and universities in the field of education; evaluate the weight of scientific research achievements, the impact of scientific research and the conditions for conducting scientific research, optimize the evaluation of the effectiveness of scientific research; increase investment in the development and motivation of academic staff.

The article examines the current trends in the digitalization of the banking sector, analyzing the impact of new technologies on banking services and operations, which is an integral part of the modern world and is actively developing in Russia. The article is aimed at researching the digital maturity of bank-ing organizations and their readiness for global changes within the framework of digital transformation. The author draws attention to several key aspects, such as fast payment systems (SBPs), payment stickers, Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) and the introduction of the Digital Ruble. The relevance of the study is to identify the importance of digital technologies to improve the efficiency and convenience of financial transactions, and considers their potential and possible risks. The methodological base of the study is based on the analysis of data from information and analytical reviews of the SDI360 digital audit agency together with experts from partner companies. In general, the article provides an over-view of current trends in digitalization in the banking sector and emphasizes their importance for the development of the industry. The practical significance of this article lies in the fact that it will help banking professionals and managers to better understand current trends in digitalization and their impact on the banking sector. This will allow them to make more informed decisions when developing and implementing digital strategies, as well as improve the quality of services and operations provided. The scientific significance of the article lies in the fact that it provides an analysis of current trends in digi-talization in the banking sector based on current data and research. This can be useful for scientists, students and anyone interested in the development of the banking industry in the context of the digital economy. The article can also serve as a basis for further research in this area. Thus, the article on current trends in digitalization in the banking sector has both practical and theoretical significance, contributing to the development of the banking industry and scientific understanding of digital transformation in this area.

Currently, there are trends in the world associated with an increase in the age of marriage at first marriage and an increase in the number of divorces. These trends are also observed in Russia. The norms and values of the family institution are being transformed, making it more and more unstable, which arouses interest from demographers, psychologists, economists, and sociologists. Within the framework of this work, the author's analyze approaches to the definition of "young family", consider measures of state and regional support for the family, as well as risk factors for family breakdown relative to its life cycles. In addition, the author's attention is paid to the results of all-Russian studies illustrating the opinion of Russians regarding marriage and family relations. The materials studied confirm that a young family must consolidate its special status in state policy, since it most of all needs material, social and value support. The state and society are obliged to share responsibility for the development and well-being of young families.

The discussion of issues related to sustainable development is broad and requires not only qualitative analysis, but also the use of modeling methods to assess the current situation in the global economy. So, in this article, the influence of factors resulting in the SDG implementation index was considered. The econometric analysis was carried out based on data for 2022 for developed countries. To construct a multiple regression, factors influencing the implementation of the SDGs were selected, namely the human capital development index and gross national savings. The results obtained during the study indicate a moderate influence of the factors under consideration, as well as the presence of other determinants of the implementation of the SDGs, such as the involvement of the private sector in the implementation of the SDGs; the presence of sustainable institutions capable of creating a favorable environment for sustainable development; investments in the "green economy" and CSR; the level of education and awareness of the UN program on sustainable development.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of the "monument war" in the North Caucasus in the context of Russian nation-building. The authors analyze the historical dynamics of the commemoration in the North Caucasus, depending on its historical stages and political actors. Further, the article examines the causes of the actual 'war of monuments' in the North Caucasus and formulates its essence. At the same time, the question is raised about the assessment of the position of the authorities regarding this "war" in terms of the policy of "non-decision-making" (according to P. Bachrach and M. S. Baratz). In conclusion, the authors interpret the memorial conflicts in the North Caucasus as a request for a modern (in the spirit of E. Renan) concept of the Russian nation.

The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of semantic war as a special kind of symbolic politics, which should not be confused with the broader concept of propaganda (information) wars. Placing semantic wars on the lower levels of cognitive legitimation of power (according to the typology of P. Berger and T. Luckmann), the authors interpret them as a kind of semantic struggle waged in the space of the same key symbol (concept) (H. Lasswell). The article emphasizes that the main cognitive strategy of the semantic war is the management of polysemy/multivaluedness of the key concepts of public discourse, because of which the interpretation of the concept desired by a given political actor is «naturalized» as part of common sense. The authors point out that semantic wars are conducted both for separate lexical concepts and for conceptual metaphors. This thesis is illustrated in the article by the experience of studying the concept of «the West» in the discourse of the German parliamentary debates, as well as by the interpretation of the metaphor «the third world war without powder smoke» in the Chinese blogosphere during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This paper is the second part of the survey . In recent years, e-commerce in rural areas of China has been developing rapidly, which has an impact on regional development. The article explores and analyzes the issues of e-commerce management in rural areas of China. It has previously been identified that this area has problems such as backward infrastructure, an imperfect system of agricultural supply chains, and unbalanced regional development of e-commerce and conditions for its conduct. The article proposes solutions aimed at improving the management of e-commerce development in rural China. The author recommends: a) setting a management priority for reducing the rural e-commerce gap in various regions of China; b) develop a model of rural e-commerce and implement a general optimization scheme for the development of rural e-commerce in the country; c) organize the process of transferring experience and professional knowledge from regions with high development of e-commerce to regions with its weak use. The key management solutions for the development of rural e-commerce in China are: strengthening infrastructure; optimization of the agricultural supply chain system; improving standardization and branding of rural e-commerce goods; balancing regional differences in rural e-commerce development.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the key concepts of Mao Zedong's theory of "new democracy". For this purpose, the author chooses the cognitive understanding of ideology as a methodological guideline, first, the structural-morphological approach of M. Freeden, which allows us to characterize the core of ideology considering its adjacent and peripheral concepts. Relying on the analysis of Mao's texts of the 1920-40 period, the author shows how an ideological construct is formed in the discourse of the leader of the Chinese Communists, which later became known as the "theory of new democracy". The article reveals the meaning of the concepts that make up the core of this theory: the Sinification of Marxism, revolutionary war and new democracy. At the same time, the author also emphasizes the role of adjacent concepts that allow revealing the general meaning of the "new democracy": classes and class struggle, agrarian revolution, Chinese nation, Chinese people, united national front, hegemony, etc.

The article analyzes the social theory of the famous Chinese thinker Kang Youwei from the point of view of the ideological origins of the doctrine of "socialism with Chinese characteristics". The author shows that in the context of the discussion between Chinese and foreign scientists about the beginning of the Chinese socialist tradition, both the utopian status of Kang Youwei's ideas and their belonging to the theory of socialism remain controversial. According to the author, the beginning of the political theory of Chinese socialism should be considered "Datongism" as a set of ideas in which the ancient Confucian concept of "Great Unity" (Datong) is modernized in the spirit of other schools of Chinese philosophical and political thought and, at the same time, contemporary European ideas. The author argues that the image of the Datong era drawn by Kang Youwei reveals similarities with later European and Chinese (including Marxist) concepts of socialism (communism). At the same time, Kang's Datongism differs significantly from them, acting as an ideological matrix for a wider range of political views.

The regional coordination strategy has been implemented for more than two decades in China. At the critical time when China is building a moderately prosperous society and moving towards common prosperity, narrowing the regional economic gap is a key issue to be addressed. With the rapid development of digital economy, a new driving force has been formed for regional economic development. This article first analyzes the connotation and current situation of regional economic coordination in China, and then explores the role of digital economy in narrowing the regional economic gap. It finds that: the overall regional coordination in China has been improved; in particular, the inter-regional economic gap has been gradually reduced. However, the problem of intra-regional economic disparity is still very serious. Digital economy can promote regional economic growth, but this economic growth is universal. So, when digital economy promotes regional economic coordination, it also leads to a continuous widening of regional economic disparity. Finally, this article puts forward practical policy suggestions to respond to the regional economic gap that may be widened by digital economy.