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Many researchers have examined the functional relationship between the level of realized total factor productivity (TFP) and innovation, and the positive effect new ideas have on productivity. However, it remains unclear how diverse ideas drive productivity? And whether the home country's levels of income, civil liberties and political rights influence the spillover effects of innovation? I answer these questions by using a new dataset on scientific publication. I separate innovations into technical and managerial, and then explore their effects on the economy, using pooled mean group estimations in a dynamic heterogeneous panel setting of 60 countries for the period 1996 to 2014. The findings show that, for high-income countries, domestic innovations in management are a significant source of change in productivity. In contrast, the results do not support the role of the domestic development of management innovation in middle-income countries. However, in the long run, international spillovers of management ideas positively affect the productivity of these latter countries. Regardless of which metric is utilized in the analysis, national spillovers of management ideas increase the productivity of countries with the most-liberal democratic regimes. In democratic countries where the regime is only partially liberal, domestic management innovations have a depressing effect on productivity. This last result differs over the long run, as international spillovers of management ideas contribute to higher productivity in less-democratic countries. The results show that, the elasticity of TFP with respect to management innovation is almost twice as large as it is for technical ideas in high-income countries. The results also indicate that increasing the number of researchers does not enhance the development of management innovation.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries, including the U.S., adopted intervention policies aimed at averting the spread. However, these policies may have led to significant changes in public health behaviors. We use Google search queries to examine how state government actions are associated with people's internet searches (internet browsing habits) related to health behaviors. We employ the differences-in-differences method to determine the link between disease outbreak, associated intervention policies, and changes in health behavior related searches. Our findings show that school closures, restaurant restrictions, and stay-at-home orders lead to a significant rise in searches for workout, physical activity, exercise, takeout, liquor, and wine. Moreover, people's concerns regarding weight loss, diet, nutrition, restaurant, and fast food substantially decline following stay-at-home orders. Our event-study results indicate that changes in health behaviors began weeks before stay-at-home orders were implemented contemporaneously with emergency declarations and other partial closures. These findings suggest that people's health behaviors are notably affected by state government's intervention policies.

En el artículo, el autor considera que la "familia" es una institución basada en el hombre y la mujer con el objetivo de mantener un parentesco, que contiene formas sociales y el sentido de la vida legal adoptada en la sociedad; por lo que en el artículo se aborda el estatuto constitucional y legal de la institución de la familia.

AbstractWe apply modern ideas‐oriented growth accounting, based on the semi‐endogenous growth theory of Jones (2002), to compare the sources of Canadian and US economic growth between 1981–2014. This framework allows us to distinguish between transition dynamics and steady state growth as well as quantify their respective contributions. We find that the bulk of the 1.1 percentage points total average Canadian growth rate of output per hour has been due to transitional factors, mainly capital intensity and domestic human capital growth driven by educational attainment. The growth in excess ideas (total ideas growth minus steady state growth) has contributed a small share of 0.06 percentage points. Two features stand out in comparison to the US growth experience over the same period. First, over a full percentage point of the average US growth of 1.64% is due to excess ideas growth. Second, the "constant growth view" that reconciles large sources of transitional growth with relatively stable average growth is not supported in Canada. We estimate a relatively low elasticity of output with respect to world research effort as the reason behind the small share of R&D‐oriented sources of Canadian growth.

Trifluralin is herbicide of the dinitroanilines group in which NO(2) molecules are attached to the benzene ring at diverse positions. Trifluralin affects endocrine function and is listed as an endocrine disrupter in the European Union list. Therefore, its determination is so important in health science. In this study, an easy, sensitive and environmentally friendly method has been developed for determination of trifluralin based on its electrochemical oxidation on a three-electrode system designed on the surface of agricultural products using Ag-citrate/GQDs (graphene quantum dots) nano-ink. The sensor was prepared by direct writing on the surface of the samples. The designed electrodes were dried after 24 h at room temperature and used for trifluralin detection. Under optimized experimental conditions, the Ag-citrate/GQDs nano-ink based sensor was exhibited good sensitivity and specificity for trifluralin detection. The obtained linear range using the cyclic voltammetric (CV) technique is between 0.008 to 1 mM and low limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.008 mM. Also, the obtained linear range using differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) and square wave voltammetric (SWV) techniques is 0.005–0.04 mM with LLOQ of 0.005 mM. For further validation of the applicability of the proposed method, it was also used for detection of trifluralin on the surface of apple skin.

Purpose: This study seeks to examine Las Vegas visitors' perception about security in Las Vegas and the perceived risks associated with traveling to Las Vegas following the One October mass shooting. It also aims to explore potential Las Vegas visitors' attitudes towards the proactive security measures implemented by Las Vegas resorts after the One October tragedy. Methods: The study is descriptive in nature. The data was collected through a web-based survey that comprised a national sample of 414 adults from the United States.
Results: The results indicate that despite the tragic One October mass shooting in Las Vegas and the associated media coverage, security is not a major concern for visitors to Las Vegas. The findings of this study also suggest that Las Vegas visitors approve of existing and emerging security procedures.
Implications: Findings point out to an opportunity to capitalize on the perceived enhanced security measures in Las Vegas and to put emphasis on addressing financial risk concerns via marketing and public relations campaigns.