Suchergebnisse

<p>Siguiendo los postulados de Erich Fromm para comprender los procesos de la vida anímica contemporánea. Se intenta entender qué sucede en la sociedad salvadoreña. En los padecimientos psicopáticos-sociales reflejados en las altas estadísticas de homicidios, suicidios, corrupción y migración. Es un acercamiento al subconsciente cultural y otros procesos no comprendidos que podrían estar influyendo en el modo de actuar de la sociedad; pero desde un plano simbólico, intentando comprender un diagnóstico simple y algunas salidas terapéuticas para abordar los problemas.</p><p>Realidad y Reflexión Año 18, No 47, 48 Enero-Junio 2018; pp.38-46</p>

The study utilized a descriptive, correlational design. A purposive criterion sampling was employed using a paper and pen questionnaire based on the theory by Jean Watson on her ten carative factors. The study attempted to answer the level of care rendered by the nurses towards their patients and if there was a noteworthy association among the level of care rendered by the nurses and the patient's demographic profile (age and gender) and nurse's profile (gender; and hospital classification). As to the Level of Care Rendered by the Nurses Towards their Patients, the computed mean reveal an interpretation of very good. Patient's profile and the level of care did not yield a significant relationship. There was a noteworthy association among the level of care and nurse's gender (p = 0.012) on the area where the nurse practices loving kindness and composure inside framework of caring awareness towards patients. The level of care and the hospital classification findings revealed significant relationship on two items (p = 0.020 and .048). The level of care in terms of the nurse assisting with basic needs, with an intentional caring consciousness, administering "human care essentials", which potentiate alignment of mind, body, spirit, wholeness, and unity of being in all aspects of care; tending to both the embodied spirit and evolving spiritual emergence are better experienced by patients in government hospitals. Based on the findings Cebuano nurses were very good in their nursing care towards their patients.

Among natural freshwater pollutants, cyanotoxins, mycotoxins, and phytotoxins are the most important and less studied. Their identification in surface water is challenging especially cause of the lack of standards and established analytical parameters. Most target methods focus one or a single group of compounds with similar characteristics. Here we present an AIF fast method for the tentative identification of natural toxins in water. Respect to the previous method [1], it offers higher performances for the acquisition of unknown compounds at low levels for higher number of analytes. The key aspects of the method are: • The qualitative screening DIA-AIF workflow using Q Exactive Orbitrap. Both targeted and suspect screening bases have been combined with online databases and suspect list to retrieve candidates as suspect natural toxins and their metabolites or degradation products. • The in-silico analysis of mass spectrums allowed a fast structural characterization. • The workflow has been finally applied to real samples coming from the Czech Republic, Italy, and Spain allowing the determination of 17 suspect natural toxins, 4 of them confirmed. None toxin passed the limit of 1 µg/L taken from the legislation applied for microcystin LR and arbitrarily extended to all toxins.

Among natural freshwater pollutants, cyanotoxins, mycotoxins, and phytotoxins are the most important and less studied. Their identification in surface water is challenging especially cause of the lack of standards and established analytical parameters. Most target methods focus one or a single group of compounds with similar characteristics. Here we present an AIF fast method for the tentative identification of natural toxins in water. Respect to the previous method [1], it offers higher performances for the acquisition of unknown compounds at low levels for higher number of analytes. The key aspects of the method are: • The qualitative screening DIA-AIF workflow using Q Exactive Orbitrap. Both targeted and suspect screening bases have been combined with online databases and suspect list to retrieve candidates as suspect natural toxins and their metabolites or degradation products. • The in-silico analysis of mass spectrums allowed a fast structural characterization. • The workflow has been finally applied to real samples coming from the Czech Republic, Italy, and Spain allowing the determination of 17 suspect natural toxins, 4 of them confirmed. None toxin passed the limit of 1 µg/L taken from the legislation applied for microcystin LR and arbitrarily extended to all toxins. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 722493 (NaToxAq); and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Consolidated Research Group "2017 SGR 1404 - Water and Soil Quality Unit"). We also want to thank the Recetox colleagues Petra Laboha, Eliska Sychrova and Barbara Kubíčková for the sampling, logistics and supply of the water samples from Czech Republic. ; Peer reviewed

Besides anthropogenic contamination, freshwater environments can also be affected by the presence of natural toxins. Mycotoxins, plant toxins and cyanotoxins are the most relevant groups that can be found in the aquatic system. However, until now, only cyanotoxins have been more carefully studied. In the present work, single workflow for the assessment of natural toxins in waters, based on suspect screening and target screening of a selected group of toxins is presented. The approach is based on a triple-stage solid-phase extraction (SPE) able to isolate a wide range of natural toxins of different polarities, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-ddHRMS2) using a Q-Exactive Orbitrap analyser. The acquisition was performed in full-scan (FS) and data-dependant acquisition (ddMS2) mode, working under positive and negative mode. For the tentative identification, different on-line databases such as ChemSpider and MzCloud and an in-house natural toxins list with 2384 structures, that includes cyanotoxins, plant toxins and mycotoxins, were used. Also, thanks to the MS2 data, it was possible to achieve a high level of tentative identification confidence, but confirmation was only possible comparing the standards of the suspected compounds. For those, the analytical parameters of the developed method were also validated, and the quantification was possible by external calibration. Validation showed recoveries in the range between 53 and 95%, and method limits of detection (MDL) between 0.02 and 1.22 μg/L. This approach was applied to study natural toxins in 4 sampling sites along the Ter River in Catalonia (NE Spain). In this preliminary study 23 natural toxins were tentatively identified, and 9 of them confirmed (aflatoxin B1, anatoxin-a, nodularin, microcystin-LR, baicalein, kojic acid, cinchonine, B-asarone and atropine). The results of the quantification of these compounds showed concentrations below 1 μg/L in all cases, that is considered safe according to the actual legislation. This suspect screening approach allows a more comprehensive assessment of natural toxins in natural waters. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 722493 (NaToxAq); and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Consolidated Research Group "2017 SGR 1404 - Water and Soil Quality Unit") ; Peer reviewed

Among natural freshwater pollutants, cyanotoxins, mycotoxins, and phytotoxins are the most important and less studied. Their identification in surface water is challenging especially cause of the lack of standards and established analytical parameters. Most target methods focus one or a single group of compounds with similar characteristics. Here we present an AIF fast method for the tentative identification of natural toxins in water. Respect to the previous method [1], it offers higher performances for the acquisition of unknown compounds at low levels for higher number of analytes.The key aspects of the method are: -The qualitative screening DIA-AIF workflow using Q Exactive Orbitrap. Both targeted and suspect screening bases have been combined with online databases and suspect list to retrieve candidates as suspect natural toxins and their metabolites or degradation products. -The in-silico analysis of mass spectrums allowed a fast structural characterization. -The workflow has been finally applied to real samples coming from the Czech Republic, Italy, and Spain allowing the determination of 17 suspect natural toxins, 4 of them confirmed. None toxin passed the limit of 1 µg/L taken from the legislation applied for microcystin LR and arbitrarily extended to all toxins.

The study utilized a correlational, quantitative design where nurse managers and staff nurses were made to answer an adapted questionnaire. The study used complete enumeration with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was conducted in Talisay District Hospital to assess the styles on leadership, management and conflict management and their correlation. Findings revealed that the most common leadership style is democratic while for management style is the mixed or the transitional style and collaborating for conflict management style. Authoritative leaders utilized the mixed or transitional management style and the collaborating conflict managing style. Democratic leaders utilized the mixed or transitional management style and the collaborating conflict management style. Laissez-faire leaders utilized the mixed or transitional management style and the collaborating conflict management style. A pattern can be seen that, in all types of leadership, be it authoritative, democratic or laissez-faire, the mixed or transitional management style is common. Further, the most common conflict management utilized is the collaborating style. Thus, it can be inferred that different leaders utilize a mixed or transitional management style and that when they are in conflict, they manage them through the collaborative conflict management style. There was no noteworthy relationship between the styles on conflict management and leadership styles, amongst styles on conflict management and management and lastly, amongst styles on leadership and management.