Suchergebnisse

This study aims to comprehend nuances of gender barriers to access cataract surgery in the rural population of Gurugram district, Haryana, India. Data from 100 male and 100 female cataract surgery patients who underwent surgery at the university-affiliated hospital's department of ophthalmology were examined. Data on the patients' ages, the better eye's and operated eye's visual acuity, the cataract's maturity at the time of surgery and the type of cataract surgery chosen were examined. Visual impairment was defined when the better eye's visual acuity was less than 6/18 (0.32). At the time of surgery, women had a serious visual impairment in the better eye and also opted for a less expensive surgery option. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were planned to understand the attitude, social norms and nuances of women's accessibility to cataract surgery. This essay includes a qualitative investigation on access restrictions based on gender.

Analytical study of solar photovoltaic water pumping system can be performed on the basis of technical, economical and environmental phenomenon. Use of solar energy to generate off grid electric power has been enhanced in these days and it is continuously increasing day to day due to the active interest of government and people. Numbers of applications are available in the solar energy field and amongst its various applications solar photovoltaic water pumping system is best utilized for agriculture and community water supply. It has increased agriculture productivity due to the power availability when needed for irrigation. This technology has improved the living standard of farmers and villagers who have not proper electrical supply as per their requirement for water pumping. This technology is helping to complete the mission of government and helps farmers to get water pumping system without any need of grid connection. The use of fossil fuels was common earlier for the pumping system and mostly diesel generator based systems are used which causes emission of CO2 and other harmful gases. Fossil fuels increase pollution and causes global warming, health problems and many more while solar energy based applications are helping to reduce CO2 emission and making a step toward green environment. This manuscript presents study of technical and economic analysis of solar water pumping system useful for various water supply applications especially in agriculture sector.

Artificial Intelligence and cyber warfare are emerging as key components in great power rivalry. The international community needs to act fast to develop legal and political frameworks that can mitigate their deleterious effects.

To what extent have existing institutions for climate change finance succeeded in bringing the voices of poor and disadvantaged sections of civil society to the decision-making table? This paper by Anju Sharma analyses the models for civil society engagement adopted by the Global Environment Facility and the World Bank's Climate Investment Funds. It finds that both do little more than provide an occasional venue for a poorly defined entity called 'global civil society' to voice concerns, where interactions are limited to one-off events rather than a continuous and integrated process of mutually beneficial engagement. The paper calls on civil society to use the strengths and legitimacy they bring to the process to renegotiate the terms of their engagement, calling particularly for a more 'bottom-up' process for bringing local voices to the fore; resources for sustaining and improving the quality of civil society engagement; and formalised processes of mutual accountability.

The present study was undertaken to analyze the trends in area, production and productivity of major spices in the northeastern (NE) region. The study was based on secondary data from 1982-83 to 2011–12. The data was collected from several government publications and web sites. To analyze the trend of area, production and productivity of major spices in NE region, the linear, quadratic and exponential functional forms were used. To fit the trend, exponential functional form was used due to its higher R2 value as compared to other two forms. Besides these, compound growth rate, coefficient of variation and instability index was also estimated. The effects of area, productivity and their interaction towards increasing production were also estimated. The cultivation of spices was not risky in the NE region as revealed by the lower coefficient of variation. The coefficients of variation (CV) of area, production and productivity of spices were less than 4.16%. The instability indices for area, production and productivity for spices in the NE states were positive, which indicated less variation in growing spices in the region.

"This book presents a comprehensive, lucid, and accessible approach to environmental sociology. It traces the origins of environmental sociology and examines the realist-constructionist debate in ecology for a holistic exploration of the field. The volume: 1 Presents a step-by-step systematic approach to the study of environmental sociology; 2 Includes case studies from Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas and introduces theoretical perspectives from Asia and Africa to provide a more comprehensive view of the field; 3 Has a separate section on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and climate change; 4 Discusses ecological movements in India and highlights environmental issues of the Global South. A key text for undergraduates, postgraduates, and civil services aspirants, this book goes beyond western scholarship to include indigenous approaches to the field. It will be indispensable for students of sociology, climate change, environmental studies, and sustainable development"--