The Concept and Types of Contracts Using Cloud Technologies in Private International Law
Information technology has become an integral part of modern society and undoubtedly makes life easier for companies, public authorities and ordinary citizens. As the scientific and information breakthrough develops rapidly in many areas (commercial, private, educational, etc.), many legitimate legal issues related to the use of cloud technologies are increasingly emerging. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of international agreements in the field of cloud technology. This topic is considered from the point of view of private international law, as the relations arising from the use of cloud technologies, as a rule, have an international private law character due to the different nationalities of the parties. The authors analyze the provisions of Ukrainian and foreign legislation, determine international legal standards in the field of cloud technology, and analyze "agreements on the use" of well-known global brands such as Apple, Google, Microsoft and more. This scientific article focuses on the concept and types of international agreements using cloud services, as well as related issues: the parties to the agreement, place, time of its conclusion, the law applicable to such legal relations and more. Such agreements do not have a universal legal definition, so different international organizations and companies use their own definitions. There are several standards in the world in this area, both international and regional. On the one hand, it helps to improve and perfect this area, on the other hand - there is a saturation of relations in the field of "cloud" technologies with various documents and standards. The authors cover different types of cloud service providers, such as software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS); services used by the relevant legal entities; classifications of "clouds" (public, private, community and hybrid); types of international agreements concluded depending on the type of providers and the volume of services ...