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PurposeSocial media has broadened the scope of luxury brand marketing and has emerged as a salient tool for Internet marketing campaigns in the post-pandemic world. Under the theoretical lens of the SOR model, this study aims to explore the nexus between brand social media marketing (BSMM) activities and online consumer brand engagement (CBE) via mediating consumers' emotions in the modest luxury fashion branding post-pandemic context.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a post-pandemic survey in five major metropolitan cities in Pakistan with a total of 584 eligible young consumers who follow the fan pages of fashion brands. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses.FindingsThe findings reveal that BSMM activities have a significant influence on three emotion states (pleasure, arousal and dominance); however, only pleasure and arousal significantly drive CBE (i.e. affective engagement and activation). Moreover, the results show that pleasure and arousal partially mediate the relationships between BSMM activities and affective and activation dimensions of CBE, while dominance fully mediates the relationship between BSMM activities and cognitive engagement. Interestingly, only affective engagement was shown to be the most potent component of CBE in fostering positive emotions toward luxury fashion brands.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on social media marketing and consumer brand engagement by revealing valuable insights into post-pandemic luxury fashion branding that could assist academicians and marketing practitioners of non-Western markets.

Kajian ini dikhususkan pada dimamika relasi Islam, Islamisme dan demokrasi di Surakarta. Kajian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap beberapa aktivis Islam dan aktivis Islam politik. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori sikap dan teori identitas untuk menjajagi sejauhmana sikap mereka terhadap praktik demokrasi, yaitu pemilihan kepala daerah dan pemilihan anggota legislatif. Seberapa kuat peran identitas ke-Islam-an mereka menyikapi pemilihan tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, aktivis Islam non-politik terbagi dalam dua kelompok. Satu kelompok dapat menerima demokrasi secara utuh tanpa dikaitkan dengan persoalan syariat, bahkan demokrasi diangggap sudah sesuai dengan syariat. Sebaliknya, kelompok kedua menerima demokrasi tetapi menekankan pentingnya memiliki pemimpin Islam. Kalaupun yang terpilih non Muslim, mereka bisa menerima tetapi dengan kondisi terpaksa. Sikap ini juga berlaku untuk pemilihan anggota legislatif. Kelompok Islam politik juga terbagi menjadi dua sikap yaitu kelompok Islamis-idealis dan Islamis-realis. Kelompok yang idealis total menolak praktik demokrasi termasuk pemimpin non-Islam. Kelompok realis, masih bisa menerima demokrasi tetapi haram memilih pemimpin non Islam. Praktik demokrasi di Surakarta untuk waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan akan senantiasa dibayang-bayangi tiga fenomema. Pertama, dominasi sikap aktivis Islam yang menggunakan standar syariat menurut interpretasi mereka dalam memilih pemimpin politik. Kedua, dominasi sikap aktivis Islam politik yang lebih total dalam menggunakan standar syariat yaitu menetapkan keharaman dalam memilih pemimpin non Islam. Ketiga, sikap Islamis-idealis yang total menolak sistem demokrasi, meskipun pemimpin yang terpilih beragama Islam.

The foreign trade of any country in the world depends on the strength of exports of goods and services to other countries, and most of the intra-trade between these countries depends on the factors of gravity between them. When these variables or factors are strong, intra-trade is also strong, and this relationship can be investigated by estimating the gravity model, which depends on These variables give precise details about which variables are more effective in intra-state trade, and from this our study came to estimate the attractiveness models for each of the Kingdom's exports. Saudi Arabia to Iraq and Iraq's exports to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research aims to estimate these models and test them with various statistical and standard tests using quantitative methods, represented by econometrics, to achieve the goals. The research reached several results that led to knowing which of the gravity variables has a strong influence in both countries of the sample. The addition provided by Saudi Arabia's exports to Iraq is weak, which does not affect the increase in national income and thus the increase in social welfare. Hence, we note the negativity of this variable, while the variable of the annual growth rate of the Iraqi gross domestic product Iq.GDP.Grji showed a successful relationship with the hypotheses. The theory has a positive relationship, which shows the effect of population on the increase in Saudi exports to Iraq due to the increase in demand as a result of the increase in population. Despite the weakness of the parameter, it has a strong effect. While the relationship of the time variable "Years" showed its negative relationship with Saudi exports to Iraq, and this from the economic point of view is contrary to the theoretical assumptions only. Its relationship is correct because the period studied included two wars: the Gulf War, the American occupation of Iraq, and the UN sanctions that were imposed on Iraq, which linked Iraqi imports to UN approval.. While the results of the gravity model for Iraqi exports to Saudi Arabia showed a positive relationship with Iraqi exports to Saudi Arabia, which indicates their agreement with the assumptions of economic theory and with a strong effect, while both the annual growth rate variable of the gross domestic product S.GDP.Grij and the time variable Years showed their negative relationship with Iraqi exports. Contrary to the assumptions of economic theory.

PurposeMeal ordering apps (MOAs) have transformed the customers' dining habits, particularly during mobility restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Under the theoretical cover of the extended stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model, this paper attempts to explore the critical antecedents and outcomes of customer MOA engagement which predict the continuous purchase intentions using these apps. A multigroup analysis is conducted to investigate the difference between the hypothesized relationships between the Chinese and Indonesian consumers.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach, including a systematic literature review, an open-ended essay (qualitative) with 139 MOA users and an online survey (quantitative) with 1,207 MOA users in total, was used for hypotheses testing.FindingsThe structural equation model results revealed that customer MOA experience factors such as mobile online reviews (MR), food quality (FQ), restaurant reputation (RR), service quality and system quality (SyQ) are the absolute positive factors that influence customer MOA cognitive, affective and behavioral engagement, which in turn affect continuous purchase intentions. The multigroup analysis results reveal that Chinese customers prioritized MR and FQ for customer MOA engagement (cognitive, affective and behavioral). Comparatively, Indonesian customers placed most importance on RR and SyQ.Originality/valueConsidering a market-specific setting and based on the extended SOR framework, this study is one of the first to take a comprehensive look at the critical antecedents and outcome of multidimensional customer MOA engagement in the developing countries' (China and Indonesia) online to offline meal delivery context. Further, this study investigates the customer continuous purchase intentions as an outcome of MOA engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings also reveal the differences in consumer behavior across the two developing but culturally diverse countries samples during the pandemic.

PurposeThis study examines how service feedback and physician popularity affect physician demand in the context of virtual healthcare environment. Based on the signaling theory, the critical factor of environment uncertainty (i.e. disease risk) and its impact on physician demand is also investigated. Further, the research on the endogeneity of online reviews in healthcare is also examined in the current study.Design/methodology/approachA secondary data econometric analysis using 3-wave data sets of 823 physicians obtained from two PRWs (Healthgrades and Vitals) was conducted. The analysis was run using the difference-in-difference method to consider physician and website-specific effects.FindingsThe study's findings indicate that physician popularity has a stronger positive effect on physician demand compared with service feedback. Improving popularity leads to a relative increase in the number of appointments, which in turn enhance physician demand. Further, the impact of physician popularity on physician demand is positively mitigated by the disease risk.Originality/valueThe authors' research contributes to a better understanding of the signaling transmission mechanism in the online healthcare environment. Further, the findings provide practical implications for key stakeholders into how an efficient feedback and popularity mechanism can be built to enhance physician service outcomes in order to maximize the financial efficiency of physicians.

The cause of the criminal act of selling to the public the creation of the result of copyright infringement is to take shortcuts to get the most profit, the legal sanction imposed by the court has been too light, by committing the violation, the tax on the product of the violation result is not need to be paid to the government, and the last is the low level of community education. Legal sanctions for the crime of selling to the public the creation of the result of copyright infringement is the imposition of criminal sanction in the form of imprisonment and fine of criminal to perpetrator of crime selling to public creation of violation result of copyright of threatened criminal sanction is punishable by imprisonment maximum 5 ( five) years and / or a fine of not more than Rp 500,000,000 (five hundred million rupiahs). To avoid the occurrence of criminal act of selling to public creation result of copyright infringement should government together with police can do socialization to society about penal effect of law if society still sell to public creation result of violation result of copyright. Keywords : Legal Sanctions, Criminal Acts, Solution Infringement

The social security program is one of the programs that is considered strategic in realizing the welfare of the people in many countries. By reason of the purpose of establishing a country is to achieve prosperity (welfare state) which is the government's commitment as its responsibility as the manager of the state. Social welfare development in Indonesia actually refers to the concept of a welfare state. Social security is also the right of State Civil Apparatus Employees (ASN). What is meant by the State Civil Apparatus Employees are the civil servants and the government employees with work agreements who are appointed by a civil servant development official and assigned tasks in a government position or entrusted with other state duties and are paid based on statutory regulations.Based on the background described above, this research will discuss 3 (three) problems, namely how are the government's obligations in the health services, how is the Work Accident Insurance and Death Benefit for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) and what are the legal consequences for the government if it does not fulfill its obligations in providing the Work Accident Insurance and Death Benefit for the State Civil Apparatus ( ASN).To fulfill the order of the Constitution of 1945 and the Article 92 of the Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus, the Government issued Government Regulation Number 70 of 2015 concerning the Work Accident Insurance and Death Benefit for the State Civil Apparatus Employees. The Government Regulation explains that the Work Accident Insurance is the protection against the risk of the work accidents or the occupational diseases in the form of treatment, compensation, and disability benefits. Then, Death Benefit is the protection against the risk of death not due to a work accident in the form of death benefit. The Work Accident Insurance and Death Benefit Program include the participation, benefits and contributions. Based on this, the government has an obligation to provide protection for the work accident insurance and death benefit as regulated in the Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus. Government actions that are negligent or intentionally do not carry out their obligations in protecting work accident insurance and death benefit certainly have legal consequences and are human rights. For this action, legal action can be taken in the form of a group representative lawsuit. It is done by following the procedure as regulated in the Regulation of the Supreme Court Number 1 of 2002 concerning the Lawsuit Procedure for Group Representatives. Furthermore, against the government's actions, every citizen can also take legal action against citizens (Citizen Lawsuit).

A binary stream cipher cryptosystem can be used to encrypt/decrypt many types of digital files, especially those can be considered huge data files like images. To guarantee that the encryption or decryption processes need a reasonable time to encrypt/decrypt the images, so we have to make the stream cipher key generator that acts quickly without effect in the complexity or randomness of the output key binary sequences. In this paper, we increase the size of the output sequence from binary to digital sequence in the field to obtain byte sequence, then we test this new sequence not only as binary but also -sequence. So we have to test the new output sequence in the new mathematical field. This is done by changing the base of the randomness tests and extending Golomb's postulates from binary to . Some theorems and lemmas are proved to find the new testing laws that are suitable to the new sequences field. The results of using the extended randomness tests are compared to the results of binary randomness tests to guarantee that the decision of pass or fail is identical, the results also prove the precision of identicalness.

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of teaching using the listening triangle strategy in imaginative thinking among second-grade students in science subject. In order to verify the objective of the research, the following null hypothesis was formulated: *There is no statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who studied using the listening triangle strategy and the average scores of the control group students who studied in the usual way in imaginative thinking. The current research was limited to students of the second intermediate grade in (Al-Furatin Intermediate School for Boys) school. One of the governmental day schools affiliated to the General Directorate of Al-Qadisiyah Education for the academic year (2021-2022(. The researcher used the partially controlled experimental design for two equal groups, which includes two groups: One is experimental and the other is control, and according to this design, the researcher chose the Elphraten medium for boys intentionally, where the group (A) was chosen to represent the experimental group and included (25) students who studied according to the listening triangle strategy, and group (B) to represent the control group, which included (25) students Study the usual way. The two groups were rewarded in the variables of chronological age, intelligence, and previous achievement.

(1) Background: Physician rating websites (PRWs) are a rich resource of information where individuals learn other people response to various health problems. The current study aims to investigate and analyze the people top concerns and sentiment dynamics expressed in physician online reviews (PORs). (2) Methods: Text data were collected from four U.S.-based PRWs during the three time periods of 2018, 2019 and 2020. Based on the dynamic topic modeling, hot topics related to different aspects of healthcare were identified. Following the hybrid approach of aspect-based sentiment analysis, the social network of prevailing topics was also analyzed whether people expressed positive, neutral or negative sentiments in PORs. (3) Results: The study identified 30 dominant topics across three different stages which lead toward four key findings. First, topics discussed in Stage III were quite different from the earlier two stages due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Second, based on the keyword co-occurrence analysis, the most prevalent keywords in all three stages were related to the treatment, questions asked by patients, communication problem, patients' feelings toward the hospital environment, disease symptoms, time spend with patients and different issues related to the COVID-19 (i.e., pneumonia, death, spread and cases). Third, topics related to the provider service quality, hospital servicescape and treatment cost were the most dominant topics in Stages I and II, while the quality of online information regarding COVID-19 and government countermeasures were the most dominant topics in Stage III. Fourth, when zooming into the topic-based sentiments analysis, hot topics in Stage I were mostly positive (joy be the dominant emotion), then negative (disgust be the dominant emotion) in Stage II. Furthermore, sentiments in the initial period of Stage III (COVID-19) were negative (anger be the dominant emotion), then transformed into positive (trust be the dominant emotion) later. The findings also revealed that the proposed method ...

Despite its adherence to the principles of democracy, Indonesia is currently trapped in conditions and situations over the emergence of a new government system based on Islam. The notion of extremism dominates society, both the general public and the political elite, and has even infiltrated the youth via the education system. Community mobilization movements in the name of religion in the political sphere indicate that extremism has spread and is gaining strength. The main focus of this research is to make a clearer distinction between radicalism and extremism from both a political and religious perspective. To answer this problem, this paper clarifies the meaning of the terms "extreme" and "radical" in the context of religious politics from the point of view of democracy and distinguishes the signs for the two dimensions of extremism and radicalism. Not only that, in this study there are also explanations related to religious phenomena which basically have an indirect relationship with politics and extremism. This study approach uses a qualitative method taken from the study of Borum and Schmid. It argues that the difference between extremism and radicalism rests on the existence of an ideology. Radicalism is a form of process in which there is agreement or disagreement on violence in tactical and temporal considerations, while the concept of extremism is considered a motive.

Use of the helmet is beneficial in reducing the severity of injuries and avoiding fatalities for motorcyclists, therefore, legislation exists in almost all countries. In practice, the situation is different regarding the helmet use, especially in the developing countries. This paper investigates the helmet use behavior of motorcyclists in Karachi, Pakistan. It determines the significant factors affecting the helmet use in Karachi (Pakistan) and recommending effective campaign measures to promote helmet use. It is vital in relation to the exponential growth of motorcycle users and poor enforcement of traffic rules. Repeated cross-sectional data collected before (n = 226) and after (n = 277) the helmet use enforcement campaign is analyzed using univariate and non-parametric classification and regression tree (CART) techniques. A significant number of motorcyclists do not hold a driving license and CART analysis highlighted the significance of this variable along with exposure to the road environment (measured as daily usage of motorcycle) to explain helmet use. Campaign effects are found temporary, therefore, serious efforts are required to design coherent and structured awareness and enforcement programs.

PurposeThe latest mobile technology may shape consumers' motivations by allowing them to order a variety of foods using smartphone apps. Following the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) framework and using a mixed methods approach, this study investigates the impacts of different components of mobile dining on customers' perceived value, which leads to actual purchase intentions. Furthermore, this study examines the moderating effect of the restaurant type.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via an online questionnaire survey from 351 individuals in the city of Jakarta (Indonesia) who actually used mobile apps to order food online. Data analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings reveal that source credibility, review valence, the navigation system, food quality and service quality significantly impact customers' perceived value. Customers' perceived value, in turn, positively affects their purchase intentions. The findings also reveal that the impacts of review valence, the navigation system, food quality and service quality on customers' perceived value depend on the different levels of restaurants.Originality/valueThis study is among the first in the mobile commerce research that studies the impacts of mobile electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), system quality and overall restaurant image on dining choices by considering actual mobile shoppers. Second, this study extends the SOR model to examine the impact of the mobile environment-based characteristics on the perceived value that leads to purchase intentions. Third, the current study examines whether the relationships that are discussed early on differ based on the restaurant type. The findings of this study could help practitioners achieve a deeper understanding of diners' behaviors due to the perceived benefits of mobile dining.

PurposeThis study addresses tourists' post-consumption perspectives on the impact of online destination experiences and animosity on travel decisions. Developing a framework based on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, we examine the previously unexplored relationship between post-negative events, online destination brand experience (ODBE), tourists' animosity and destination boycott intentions within the domestic tourism context.Design/methodology/approachData from 355 actively engaged domestic travelers in Pakistan who follow destination social media pages (i.e. Instagram and Facebook) was analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings reveal that post-negative events ODBE significantly stimulate tourists' animosity, which in turn drives destination boycott intentions. The ODBE indirectly affects boycott intentions through animosity, acting as a partial mediator. The analysis highlights the significance of the users' prior experience levels (novice vs experienced). Multigroup analysis shows that novice visitors are more sensitive to negative online experiences, resulting in stronger animosity than experienced visitors. Animosity significantly drives boycott intentions, particularly among experienced visitors.Originality/valueThis study's novelty lies in its comprehensive examination of post-negative events, focusing on how the ODBE influences tourists' negative emotions and boycott intentions. These findings offer valuable insights for tourism researchers and destination marketers, underscoring the importance of optimizing post-service failure ODBE strategies for brand repair, online reputation management, digital marketing innovation and customized service recovery to mitigate the impact of negative events.