Suchergebnisse

In the paper were analyzed the wine market in the European Union. The basic data source is Global Trade Atlas, in the time interval from 2010 to 2012. The wine production in the European Union is around 164 thousand hectolitres. In export structure dominate the bottled wines (67.9%), and then follow the wine in bulk (22.7%), the lowest share is of the sparkling wine with 9.4%. The largest wine export has been directed to USA market (23.3%), and then follows the Russian Federation (16.3%) and China (9.9%). The biggest wine exporter in the European Union is Italy, then Spain and France. The European Union represents compellingly the biggest world wine importer, while the average import amounted 13.607.000 hectolitres. In import structure dominate the wine in bulk (57.2%), then the bottled wines (41.7%), while the lowest share has the sparkling wines, with share of totally one percentage. The largest import is from Australia (25.3%), then Chile (21.6%) and South-African Republic (20.3%). The biggest importer is Germany, and then follows Great Britain and France. The European Union has a positive balance of wine foreign trade exchange, approximately over six thousand hectolitres. In the following period can be expected a trend of export growth from the Union, but with significantly more moderate tempo, owing to a notable saturation of the international market.

Aimed to more successful integration into the Common Agricultural Policy, the European Union provides funds to candidate countries for membership in the form of pre-accession funds. One of these forms of financial support is the IPARD program. The aim of the paper is to review the limitations, which can occur in the process of financing the agriculture and rural development from the pre-accession funds of the European Union. By method of descriptive and historical analysis in this paper, the experiences of countries are analyzed, which were users of resources from this fund in the period 2007-2013, as well as the dispersion of IPARD funds for the period from 2014-2024. With aim of as much as possible utilization of funds from the IPARD program, above all, establishing the adequate institutional capacity needed for this form of financing is recommended. Also, it is necessary to provide informing and training the potential users of IPARD funds through appropriate advisory services. Relying on experiences of other countries, it can be concluded that the best way for efficient use of this pre-accession fund is to identify a small number of real priorities in financing the agriculture and rural development.

The primary goal of this paper is to explore the reasons and motives that influenced the farmers to opt for organic production, then to identify the factors limiting growth of such production and to consider the possibility of improving the organic production in the Republic of Serbia. The test method based on a questionnaire was used to obtain information on the producers' opinions and attitudes. There are significant potentials for organic production in the Republic of Serbia. The primary motive for engaging in organic farming is that the producers want to manufacture safe and healthy food primarily for themselves and for their family members. The purchase of organic seeds and seedlings, as well as of plant protection material and organic fertilizers, is said to be the biggest problem. There are still many other problems, such as a complicated procedure for obtaining certificates of organic production, poorly drafted legislation, the high cost of certification and analyses, low incentives from the government, but also the still low consumer awareness about the importance of organic food. The most important measure for the expansion of organic farming is an increase in government incentives in the form of subsidies or soft loans. It is necessary for the producers to team up into organic food associations in order to jointly meet the demand for organic products in the domestic and international markets.