Suchergebnisse

Stringent environmental legislation in Europe, especially in the Baltic Sea area, limits the discharge of nutrients to natural water bodies, limiting the aquaculture production in the region. Therefore, cost-efficient end-of-pipe treatment technologies to reduce nitrogen (N) discharge are required for the sustainable growth of marine land-based RAS. The following study examined the potential of fed batch reactors (FBR) in treating saline RAS effluents, aiming to define optimal operational conditions and evaluate the activated sludge denitrification capacity using external (acetate, propionate and ethanol) and internal carbon sources (RAS fish organic waste (FOW) and RAS fermented fish organic waste (FFOW)). The results show that between the evaluated operation cycle times (2, 4, and 6 h), the highest nitrate/nitrite removal rate was achieved at an operation cycle time of 2 h (corresponding to a hydraulic retention time of 2.5 h) when acetate was used as a carbon source. The specific denitrification rates were 98.7±3.4 mg NO 3 --N/(h g biomass) and 93.2±13.6 mg NOx--N/(h g biomass), with a resulting volumetric denitrification capacity of 1.20 kg NO 3 --N/(m 3 reactor d). The usage of external and internal carbon sources at an operation cycle time of 4 h demonstrated that acetate had the highest nitrate removal rate (57.6±6.6 mg N/(h g biomass)), followed by propionate (37.5±6.3 mg NO 3 --N/(h g biomass)), ethanol (25.5±6.0 mg NO 3 --N/(h g biomass)) and internal carbon sources (7.7±1.6 to 14.1±2.2 mg NO 3 --N/(h g biomass)). No TAN (Total Ammonia Nitrogen) or PO 4 3- accumulation was observed in the effluent when using the external carbon sources, while 0.9±0.5 mg TAN/L and 3.9±1.5 mg PO 4 3- -P/L was found in the effluent when using the FOW, and 8.1±0.7 mg TAN/L and 7.3±0.9 mg PO 4 3- -P/L when using FFOW. Average sulfide concentrations varied between 0.002 and 0.008 mg S 2- /L when using the acetate, propionate and FOW, while using ethanol resulted in the accumulation of sulfide (0.26±0.17 mg S 2- /L). ...

This report describes the activities of two projects that were carried out us-ing the infrastructure of the Nordic Food Analysis Network, i.e. the 'Nordic Food Composition Data for Labelling (NordCoLa)' project carried out between 2018 and 2020, and the preceding project 'Fostering the quality and use of Nordic food composition data', carried out under the Finnish Presidency of the Nordic Council of Ministers in 2016. The primary aim of the NordCoLa project was to evaluate the needs, gaps and synergies of the Nordic food consumption databases in relation to the data to be used to implement the new European nutrient labelling legislation. This was to ensure quality food composition data in the Nordic countries for food producers and other users for nutrient labelling purposes. The results of the projects are summarised in this report.

This article investigates school belonging among migrant students and how this changed during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Drawing on quantitative data gathered from 751 migrant students in secondary schools in six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the UK), we examined the impact of Covid‐19 school closures, social support, and post‐traumatic stress symptoms on changes in school belonging. Linear regression showed a non‐significant decrease in school belonging, and none of the studied variables had a significant effect on this change in our whole sample. However, sensitivity analysis on a subsample from three countries (Denmark, Finland, and the UK) showed a small but significant negative effect of increasing post‐traumatic stress symptoms on school belonging during Covid‐19 school closures. Given that scholarship on school belonging during Covid‐19 is emergent, this study delineates some key areas for future research on the relationship between wellbeing, school belonging, and inclusion.