Suchergebnisse

Gratification has been practiced by Muslim since centuries ago untill now. Basically, gratification is a paying a tribute from one to another. But today, there is a legislation rule ban gratification practice. Therefore, this study will be examined the concept of gratification based on Islamic law. This study used descriptive-analytic method and normative approach, which means gratification concept is observed as according to al-Qur'an, hadist and opinion of theologians. The result of this study shows that, gratification has a very broad meaning in Islam, which may take forms in any kinds of tributes or charity. The gratification concept sometimes means shadakah, hibah, gift and risywah. The sort of gratification in Islam is classified to positive categories and negative categories. Shadakah, hibah and gift are including to positive dividend, these are recommended in Islam. Yet, it will be negative dividend if state officials are as receivers. While risywah and gift (state officials) are including to negative gratification, these practices are prohibited and immoral (maksiat) based on al-Qur'an, hadist and opinion of theologians. Risywah and gift (state officials) are categorized to jarimah ta'zir, the doer can be punished with ta'zir penalty, ranging from the heaviest to it should be heaviest and lightest punishment.

"This edited volume is the first comprehensive text to provide an evidence-based (i.e. emphasizing the practical application of the findings of the best available current research) and nonpartisan (i.e. not biased, especially toward any particular political group) analyses of the United States Presidential Election of 2020"--

General Introduction / by Isatu Ramatu Bangura -- Coroeducation / by Ishmael I. Munene and Jafred Muyaka -- Coroexpertise / by Joseph Lansana Kormoh -- Coroelitism / by Omosefe Oyekanmi -- Coropoverty / by Cecy Edijala Balogun -- Corodemocracy / by Harrison Adewale Idowu -- Corofrontline / by Gregory Obinna Ugbo, Henry Chigozie Duru & Chinwe Beatrice Ezeoke -- Corophilanthropy / by Rosemary Oyinlola Popoola -- Cororeligion / by Simon Gisege Omare -- Coromathematics / by Abdul Karim Bangura -- Coropsychology / by Pamela Oloo & Yakub Adams -- Corolinguistics / by Abdul Karim Bangura -- Coroeconomics / by Alie Kunda -- Coromedia / by Cecy Edijala Balogun -- Corohistory / by Hadizat Audu Salihu -- Corolaw / by Osman Kabba -- Coroexploitation / by Henrietta Eshalomi -- Coroweakstate / by Emmanuel Vincent Nelson Kallon -- Cororacism / by JP Afamefuna Ifedi -- Coroadaptation / by Feyisitan Ijimakinwa -- Coropoliticaldiscourse / by Rachael M. Rudolph -- Coroinfodeluge / by Collence, T. Chisita, Nyarai P. Chibanda, Cecilia T. Olugbara & Moeketsi Letseka -- Corolockdown / by John Idriss Laha.

In this edited volume the contributors address the applicability of different African Isms to various issues, particularly current issues, on the continent of Africa. Each chapter provides a theoretical framework and topics or issues concerning African people of the continent.

This collection offers a refreshing, multidisciplinary variety of international perspectives on the debate between Black Lives Matter and All Lives Matter. It will be valuable for those seeking to understand them in ways beyond how they are typically framed.

"'Sweden vs Apartheid' examines the effort by the Swedish government and civil society in Sweden to abolish the system of apartheid that was instituted in South Africa in 1948. There are many reasons why this book is important. It explores the foreign policy 'posture' of a state, looks at Sweden's neutrality policy which embraced the idea of international solidarity with weaker states and groups, and examines the first Western state to adopt an active anti-apartheid stance when such a position was quite unpopular in the West. The analysis blends both international relations and comparative political approaches to take a critical look at the role played by Sweden in the defeat of the apartheid system."--Provided by publisher.

This book contributes to the debate over the culpability of the Trans-Atlantic Slave from various disciplinary perspectives. The general thesis that undergirds the book is that by knowing who was predisposed to benefit the most from the trade and why, prompting them to initiate it, appropriate culpability can be assigned.