Suchergebnisse

The important role of nonprofit organisations (NPO) as service providers, they have been demanded to prove their accountability towards their stakeholders. Downward accountability mechanism is believed can improve NPO effectiveness. This paper aims to assess the relationship between information disclosure and participation mechanism with NPO effectiveness. This study will employ a quantitative research strategy, and it will be a cross-sectional survey. The instrument that will be used is a structured questionnaire that involved 214 staff from welfare NPOs in the Klang Valley, Malaysia and analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings will give better insight into the Malaysian third sector.

SummarySeveral new concepts are used to describe contraceptive use histories for nearly 1200 women in Peninsular Malaysia. These histories are summarized by 81 episode histories. Transition matrices provide useful summaries of the changes women make in their contraceptive practice from one pregnancy interval to the next. Data from the mid-1940s to mid-1970s, during which period there was a dramatic increase in contraceptive use, reveal considerable inertia in individual couples' contraceptive practice. Persistence with a method was greater the less effective the method: while 86% of couples using no method in one interval used no method in the next, only 56% of couples using the pill in one interval also used it in the next. Virtually all transitions are of three types: continuation with the same method, a change from no method to some method, or a change from some method to no method. For only 1% of all pregnancies did couples use one contraceptive method before a pregnancy and a different method after the pregnancy. Differences are examined by calendar year and education.