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The paper examined the impact school facilities have on academic achievement of students in Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State Nigeria. The total population of the study comprises all the principals of Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State, numbering eighty-four (84), as of (2011). Employing simple random sampling technique, sixty-two principals were selected to represent the entire population as pointed out by Krejcie and Mogan, (1970). The instrument used for the study was Total Learning Environment Assessment (TLEA) consisting of 42 items completed by the principals, to ascertain the condition of the school facilities in public Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State. Data on result for students? academic achievement, (SSCE results) 2007-2011 were collected through the Bauchi State Ministry of Education. The TLEA instrument was adapted from the study of O?Neil (2000) redesigned by the researcher. A reliability tested through split-half pilot study of calculated = 0.958 and r- critical value = 0.765 at α 0.05 levels for Total Learning Environment Assessment for secondary school was sought to ascertain the usability of the instrument. Based on the analysis, the result shows that, the instrument has appreciable measures of validity and reliability. The data collected was analyzed using inferential statistics where the frequencies of the participants? responses were tabulated using percentages and Spearman Rank Order Correlation. Major research finding of the study did not find statistically significant relationship in the areas of school plant and facilities and students? academic achievement as measured by the TLEA at 0.05 levels. The researcher?s recommendations based upon this study include the followings: Educational administrators, planners and other stake-holders should supplement the government effort by maintaining the school facilities and improvise these items locally from the immediate community where the schools are situated. An area of achievement and failure in the students? academic ...

Income tax noncompliance is a huge problem in Nigeria making the country one of the lowest income tax countries in the world based on percentage of GDP. The study reviews and integrate previous research and causes of noncompliance were identified – Socio economic condition, tax knowledge, perceived audit probability and prevailing social norm . However, as acknowledged by researchers, over fifty years of research on noncompliance is yet to produce a formula that can solve noncompliance problems applicable to all jurisdictions hence the need to develop country-specific models. Given that Nigeria has one of the largest informal sectors in the world, this study adds perceived attractiveness of the informal sector as a factor and reconstructs public governance quality as moderator of other factors. The study argues that the above factors are present in all countries of the world; if they are worse in Nigeria, then a moderator could be the problem and public governance quality is plausible given Nigeria's poor record. Facts from previous research support this position. It is recommended that Nigerian government urgently improve on public governance to reduce the size of the informal sector and mitigate the effects of the other factors. Further research is needed to statistically analyse the suggested framework. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n6p339

The idea of Continuing education suggests that something is missing that ought to be filled in, therefore the contemporary notion of education goes beyond what only take place in the four walls of the classroom. Continuing education connotes that sub-set of adult education that seeks to positively link the needs and aspirations of individuals with educational activities, for development of their potentialities and for the socioeconomic and political development of a nation or state. The paper examined the concepts of continuing education, objectives, forms, contents and challenges of continuing education and also highlighted the prospects that a nation or individuals can derive or achieve through the sustained impact of continuing education.

It seems that Nigeria's educational system has been undergoing improvement only on quantitative when it comes to the number of enrolments in students and schools. However, little effort has been put in place in terms of capacity (physical and material resources, human and financial resources) to manage high enrollment. Resources capacity in secondary schools was nothing to write home about. Most of these resources in secondary school were dilapidated. To worsen the scenario, the scarce resources allocated to these schools are grossly inadequate compared to students' enrollment and come late to the end-users in the public secondary schools. The various stakeholders in the education sector express stern concern about the consistently poor performance of students in secondary schools, especially in mathematics. Since secondary school education is expected to be free by the government, coupled with population increase, it is reasonable for people to take advantage of the free education program. Although the government and private sector of education keep providing qualified teaching staff and non-teaching staff, students in secondary schools still face poor performance in mathematics. The effect of all these on the academic performance in Nigeria's mathematics secondary school students concerns researchers of this empirical work. It is based on these issues and many more that this work sought to empirically investigate the impact of resource factors and quality of instruction on the performance of Nigeria secondary school students in mathematics.

Digitalizing tax collection systems through electronic tax filing (e-filing) could have the potential of maximizing revenues to concerned authorities as it blocks leakages that undermine collection efforts. In this article, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is expanded to explain the structural effects of trust in e-filing software on e-filing acceptance intention among micro-entrepreneurs in the services sector. A quantitative research design was adopted with data collected from 158 micro-entrepreneurs in five services sectors which was analyzed through PLS-SEM. From the analyses, it was found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence significantly influence both trust in e-filing software and e-filing acceptance intention. Interestingly, the results revealed significant structural mediating effects of trust in e-filing among the three variables. These findings expand the explanatory power of UTAUT in relation to structural effects of trust in e-filing in the services sector. Equally, it will benefit policymakers in designing e-filing software in such a way to meet the users' requirements relating to language and compatibility.

Income tax noncompliance is a huge problem in Nigeria making the country one of the lowest income tax countries in the world based on percentage of GDP. The study reviews and integrate previous research and causes of noncompliance were identified – Socio economic condition, tax knowledge, perceived audit probability and prevailing social norm .However, as acknowledged by researchers, over fifty years of research on noncompliance is yet to produce a formula that can solve noncompliance problems applicable to all jurisdictions hence the need to develop country-specific models. Given that Nigeria has one of the largest informal sectors in the world, this study adds perceived attractiveness of the informal sector as a factor and reconstructs public governance quality as moderator of other factors. The study argues that the above factors are present in all countries of the world; if they are worse in Nigeria, then a moderator could be the problem and public governance quality is plausible given Nigeria's poor record.Facts from previous research support this position.It is recommended that Nigerian government urgently improve on public governance to reduce the size of the informal sector and mitigate the effects of the other factors.Further research is needed to statistically analyse the suggested framework.

Direct Current (DC) motors are widely used because they come in many shapes and sizes, so their application is quite easy and flexible, and they have high reliability and low cost. Speed and position control are required in industrial applications, robot manipulators and home appliances. Because of the accurate and efficient tuning of parameters for PID controllers, they have become very important for the process industries. They have a simple structure, good stability, and high reliability. Electric motors are used in many homes, industrial, military, and other systems. Electric motors have properties that depend on the type of motor selected for the appropriate application. The performance of the motor depends on the system of which it is part. The appropriate design must be chosen for each part to obtain the best performance and the highest efficiency. Elevators, jacks, cars, trains, printers, home appliances, industrial, civil, and military systems, as well as robots, all use electric motors. It can be used in different applications, such as underwater welding, and in other places that are dangerous to humans, such as the operation of mine-removal, explosive dismantling, and others. The aim of this research is to review papers related to various servo motors and also the comparison between the different motors has been discussed in detail

Among those presenting overt clinical manifestations of LF, 10.64% of the males had hydrocele in Danbatta LGA, while no case of hydrocele or lypmhoedema was recorded in Kumbotso LGA. Analysis of KAP data from questionnaire administered and retrieved showed a significant difference in prevalence of LF between individuals who are aware and have knowledge of LF and those that lacked knowledge of the disease (P < 0.05). It was concluded that LF is endemic in Danbatta and Kumbotso LGAs of Kano State. Considering the poor awareness of the disease by the inhabitants in the two LGAs, there is need for relevant Government agencies and Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to launch awareness campaigns on the causes of LF, transmission, symptoms and measures that can be taken to prevent infection by this dilapidating disease for improved health and economic development of the State and the country at large. Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a major cause of permanent disability in many tropical and sub

Being that dogs are domestic animals to man, they are also consumed as meat. This study therefore aimed to determine the presence of gastrointestinal helminth of dogs in the two Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria namely Jos South and Pankshin and also to identify possible risk factors of zoonosis. Gastrointestinal content of 228 slaughtered dogs in abattoirs were selected randomly from Unguwarkare in Jos South and Kurum, in Pankshin LGAs. Samples were conveyed to the parasitological division of the National Veterinary Research Institute (N.V.R.I) Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria for analysis. The Post-mortem Differential Parasite Counts procedure as described by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used for the analysis. Of the total 228 feacal samples analysed, 138 (60.53%) were positive for at least one of the intestinal parasites. Among the gastrointestinal helminth, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum and Echinococusgranulosus were the cestodes recorded with prevalence of 36.84%, 12.72% and 1.75% respectively. Nematodes recorded were Ancylostoma caninum (3.51%), Toxocaracanis (4.83%) and Trichurisvulpis(0.88%). However, from the 114 samples collected from Unguwarkare study area, 77(67.54%) were positive for the various intestinal helminthes which include Taenia spp. (42.98%), D. caninum (1316%) and E. granulosus (2.63%). As for the nematodes, A. caninum, T. canis and T. vulpis recorded 3.51%, 2.63% and 0.88% prevalences respectively. The parasites recorded from the remaining 114 samples analysed at Kurum include 28.95% T. pisiformis, 12.28% D. caninum and 0.88% E. granulosus while the nematodes recorded wereT. Canis (7.02%), A. caninum (3.51%) and T. vulpis (0.88%). The study revealed the presence of zoonotic gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs in the study areas with highest infection rate recorded at Unguwarkare in Jos South LGA compared with those of Kurum community of Pankshin LGA. Therefore, the general public in the said areas are at high risk of being infected with any of the zoonotic parasites.

This study aims to evaluate the residents' satisfaction with public housing in the Maiduguri metropolis. The study assessed the levels of quality of housing components, occupants' preference and satisfaction. The study adopted a quantitative approach and data were collected through a questionnaire survey from 265 household heads of the housing estate proportionately selected from the target population in Maiduguri metropolis. The data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics with mean ranking, frequency distribution and multiple regression analysis to achieve the research aim. The study showed that quality of building component, Condition of a bedroom, condition of living room, condition of the roof, condition of finishing and condition of the kitchen were ranked as very good and condition of the store, condition of the dining area, condition of garage and condition of toilets were good in the study area, while public housing quality and preference significantly influence occupants' satisfaction in Maiduguri metropolis. The research recommended that occupant peculiarities should be integrated into the design and development of housing estate. This will ensure that the satisfaction of the occupants is well co-opted in the development and therefore lead to higher satisfaction and functionality of the estates. The provision of facilities and amenities in public housing estates should be based on the occupant requirements and peculiarities. This will lead to the optimal utilization of the estate after development.

This research was carried out to examine the effects of Sargassum stolonifolium on reducing cadmium in Brassica chinensis L. tissue, its influential roles on physiological parameters and antioxidant mechanism in B. chinensis exposed to cadmium stress. Different levels of Cd (50 mg and 100 mg) with and without S. stolonifolium (25g, 50g and 100g) under five replications were explored in this study. Biomass, photosynthetic pigment, relative water content (RWC), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant activity (TAA), non-protein thiol (NPT), protein thiol (PT), protein bound thiol, glutathione (GSH), phytochelatins, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) were determined. The results revealed that Cd stress significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plant biomass and physiological attributes, and accumulated higher Cd concentrations in plant tissues with the increasing rate of Cd concentration in the soil. However, incorporation of S. stolonifolium at 100 g rate in 50 mg Cd (T4) spiked soil increased the FW (40.6%) and DW (72.2%) relative to the respective treatment without S. stolonifolium. Similarly, Cd accumulation in roots, stem and leaves was decreased by 90.25%, 82.93% and 84.6% respectively compared to T1 (50 mg Cd) and thereby reducing leaf MDA and H2O2 contents by 40.1% and 68.8%, respectively, at 50 mg Cd kg−1 spiked soil relative to T1. An increase was noticed in the chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid, SPAD and RWC with a value of 114.6%, 20.7%, 73.7%, 44.8%, and 6.3%, respectively, over the control (T0). DPPH scavenging activity and TAA increased 119.8 and 81.5% percent respectively over the T0. Concentration increment of NPT, TT, GSH and PCs by 66.7%, 49.1%, 60.1%, 96.1% and 3.4% respectively, was noticed in T4 compared to T0. Antioxidant enzymes activities increased by APX (92.8%), CAT (73.1%), SOD (20.9%) and POD (88.9%) for T4 compared to the control. S. stolonifolium has the potential to improve growth and increase the defensive system of B. chinensis and ameliorate cadmium phytotoxicity as well as immobilization.