Suchergebnisse

The relationship between science and law: expert witnesses in the courtroom -- The influence of scientific criminology and criminalistics -- Technoscience and the technologies of criminal identification -- Scientific detection, scientific aids and forensic science laboratories -- Forensic science careers and self-images -- Forensic science and forensic fiction

chapter INTRODUCTION -- chapter 1 FEMINIST RESOURCES -- chapter 2 AI IN CONTEXT -- chapter 3 THE KNOWING SUBJECT IN AI -- chapter 4 KNOWLEDGE, LANGUAGE AND RATIONALITY IN AI -- chapter 5 EMBODIMENT AND SITUATEDNESS -- chapter 6 FEMINIST AI PROJECTS AND CYBERFUTURES.

The last few decades have shown a remarkable reappraisal of the smallbusiness sector. Since the 1970s, the gloomy orthodoxy notwithstanding, alarge number of people have set up shop and managed to survive in anincreasingly global economy. Their role in the economy has been publiclyacknowledged by now, as has been amply demonstrated by the drasticliberalization of their regulatory environment

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to analyse the continuing problem of web accessibility for disabled people as a critical information systems issue.Design/methodology/approachThe ways in which the web is used by disabled people, and problems that can arise, are described and related to the development of critical disability theory from older models of disability, including the medical and social models, noting that the social construction of disability model may tend to mask the embodied, lived experience of disability.FindingsThe lack of interaction of the critical disability approach and dominant discourses of web accessibility and internet studies, particularly in relation to embodiment, is a major contributor to the continuance of an inaccessible Worldwide web.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper does not offer a comprehensive set of web accessibility issues, concentrating instead on the most common problems as exemplars.Practical implicationsThe paper raises awareness of web accessibility.Originality/valueThe paper brings the topic of accessibility of technology by disabled people into the critical information systems arena and also incorporates social construction of disability and theoretical considerations of embodiedness in its analysis.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate information communications technologies (ICT)‐mediated inclusion and exclusion in terms of sexuality through a study of a commercial social networking web site for gay men.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses an approach based on technological inscription and the commodification of difference to study Gaydar, a commercial social networking site.FindingsThrough the activities, events and interactions offered by Gaydar, the study identifies a series of contrasting identity constructions and market segmentations that are constructed through the cyclic commodification of difference. These are fuelled by a particular series of meanings attached to gay male sexualities which serve to keep gay men positioned as a niche market.Research limitations/implicationsThe research centres on the study of one, albeit widely used, web site with a very specific set of purposes. The study offers a model for future research on sexuality and ICTs.Originality/valueThis study places sexuality centre stage in an ICT‐mediated environment and provides insights into the contemporary phenomenon of social networking. As a sexualised object, Gaydar presents a semiosis of politicised messages that question heteronormativity while simultaneously contributing to the definition of an increasingly globalised, commercialised and monolithic form of gay male sexuality defined against ICT.

This edited volume examines the performance and role of scientific experts in modern European courts of law and police investigations. It discusses cases from criminal, civil and international law to parse the impact of forensic evidence and expertise in different European countries. The contributors show how modern forensic science and technology are inextricably entangled with political ideology, gender norms and changes in the law and legal systems. Discussing fascinating case studies, they highlight how the ideology of authoritarian and liberal regimes has affected the practical enactment of forensic expertise. They also emphasise the influence of images of masculinity and femininity on the performance of experts and on their assessment of evidence, victims and perpetrators. This book is an important contribution to our knowledge of modern European forensic practices