Suchergebnisse

Notes that the structural adjustment programme (SAP) which the Bretton Woods institutions have obliged developing countries, particularly the heavily indebted ones among them, to adopt as a condition for debt relief has provoked controversy. Considers proposals designed to reorient SAP into a human-centred strategy for promoting trade and investment, productive employment, poverty eradication and the enhancement of social integration and democracy. While welcoming these proposals and a paradigm shift currently taking place in the World Bank, argues that this will not be the first time such movement has happened without leading to any significant change on the ground. (Original abstract - amended)

FOREIGN-CRAFTED PARADIGMS LIKE THE THEORIES OF WESTERN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HAVE REMAINED DOMINANT IN AFRICA AND HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED THE ONLY ONES WORTHY OF ATTENTION FROM THE DONOR COMMUNITY. THIS ARTICLE POINTS OUT THAT THERE HAS BEEN A MASSIVE FAILURE TO UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF AFRICA'S PROBLEMS. IT EXPLORES THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND THE PLAGUE OF UNVIABLE STATES. IT OFFERS AN ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK AND ARGUES THAT DEMOCRATIZATION IN AFRICA WILL BE SUSTAINABLE ONLY IF IT COMES AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONTINENT'S POLITICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC STRUCTURES.

Originally published in 1968, this book is of unique value because it provides first-hand information on Nigerian government and administration in action during the 2nd half of the 20th Century. Themes discussed include the evolution, organisation and structure of the civil services; the impact of politics on administration; interest groups; the politics of modernisation and its effect on the Administration; inter-class and inter-departmental conflicts in the public services; the contribution of politicians and administrators to national economic planning and the politics and administration of public corporations. The Nigerian experience is also compared with that of francophone West African countries, and the last chapter examines the future of Nigerian administration against the background of past experience.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures and Maps -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- Purpose and Scope -- Political and Administrative Structure -- Federalism and Public Finance -- Principles of Fiscal Adjustment in a Federation -- 2 The Background to Federal Finance in Nigeria -- Historical, Political, and Constitutional -- Fiscal -- Economic -- 3 The Genesis of Federal Finance in Nigeria -- Fiscal Arrangements Under the Richards Constitution -- Evolving the Fiscal System: 1914-26 Compared with 1948-52 -- Central and Regional Finances, 1948-52 -- A Critique of the Derivation Principle -- Conclusions -- 4 The Nigerian Approach to Federal Finance -- First Moves: Quasi-Federalism, 1952-4 -- Fiscal System Under the 1951 Constitution -- Central-Regional Finances, 1952-4 -- Conclusions -- 5 Operation of Federal Finance in Nigeria: First Phase -- Emergence of Federal Finance -- Fiscal Implications of Regionalising the Marketing Boards -- Federal and Regional Finances, 1955-9 -- An Appraisal -- 6 Operation of Federal Finance in Nigeria: Second Phase -- A Review of the Fiscal System -- Federal and Regional Finances, 1959-66 -- Federal Finance and Public Expenditure -- Over-All Appraisal and Conclusions -- 7 Federal Finance and Taxation: Indirect Taxes -- The Development of the Nigerian Tax Structure -- Export Taxation -- Import and Excise Taxes -- Taxation of Extractive Industry -- 8 Federal Finance and Taxation: Direct Taxes -- Personal Income Taxation -- Company Income Taxation -- Conclusion -- 9 Federal Finance, Loans and Public Debt Policy in Nigeria -- Monetary Role of the Marketing Boards -- Internal Borrowing -- External Borrowing -- 10 The Problem of Fiscal Adjustment.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Part One: Introduction -- 1 General Background to Indigenization: The Economic Dependence of Africa -- 2 Historical and Theoretical Background -- Part Two: Case Studies -- 3 Introduction -- 4 Egypt -- 5 Zambia -- 6 Ghana -- 7 Nigeria -- 8 Kenya -- 9 Tanzania -- 10 Ethiopia -- 11 Southern Africa -- 12 Senegal -- Part Three: Practical Problems -- 13 Foreign Direct Investment and African Political Economy -- 14 Administrative and Managerial Applications -- Part Four: Conclusion -- 15 Prospects and Limitations of Indigenization -- Further Reading -- Index.

Abstract
The booming Nigerian music industry is having a tremendous impact on the global music scene, but at the local level it is beset by difficulties brought about by copyright enforcement. The very vibrancy of this industry is attested through numerous kinds of sonic outputs amidst the ongoing process of digitalisation, especially as evidenced by the current mainstream youth-driven hip-hop hybrid music genre known as 'Afrobeats'. However, insufficient attention has been given by scholars to the availability, or lack, of spaces for independent and/or emerging artists to create songs outside the tight control of copyright and intellectual property laws. This is especially true for musicians who produce 'digital mixes'. One issue that comes up rather often in reference to the production and consumption of music in this heavily regulated internet-era context is piracy, which, though ethically problematic, has nevertheless persisted in the absence of meaningful ways to allow independent and emerging artists the freedom to ply their trade.

The study discussed a micro-level dimension of the institutionalization of Gender Studies (GS) in Nigeria, emphasizing the growth of semi-autonomous centres over the last two decades. It focused on a case study of one particular centre; the Centre for Human Rights and Gender Education (CHURGE), based in Tai Solarin University of Education (TASUED) in the southwest of the country, offering an analysis of how funding, institutional politics, and a dearth of specialist researchers have shaped the evolution of GS in 21st century in Nigeria. The study employed a qualitative research approach with samples purposively selected among researchers at CHURGE. Although there are merits obtainable in having academics from diverse backgrounds work on gender issues, the study concluded that there is the need to employ the services of specialist researchers to enhance the activities of the centre.

A major aspect of African music which has often been underscored in Musicological studies and which undoubtedly is the most important to Africans, is the textual content. Its significance in African musicology is based on the fact that African music itself; whether traditional ethnic, folk, art or contemporary, is text-bound and besides, the issue of meaning 'what is a song saying?' is paramount to Africans, whereas to Westerners the musical elements are more important. This is why the textual content should be given more priority. In terms of the textual content, Nigerian gospel music, an African contemporary musical genre which concerns itself with evangelizing lost souls, is also used as an instrument of socio-political and economic struggle. One of the issues that have been prominent in the song-texts is the suffering of the masses in Africa. This essay aims at taking a closer look at the selected relevant texts in order to interpret them, determine their message, and evaluate their claims and veracity. Using ethnomusicological, theological, and literary-analytical approaches, the essay classifies the texts into categories, finding most of the claims in the texts to be true assessments of the suffering conditions of the Nigerian masses. The essay concludes by stressing the need to pay more attention to the voice of the masses through gospel artists and for people in the humanities to work energetically towards fostering permanent solutions to the problem of suffering in Africa in general.