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This study suggests that the mass media serve as socializing agents by providing direct linkage to media and contents which are essential for the development of political values, and by contributing to the structuring of social contexts in which adolescents may exercise such value orientations and reinforce ties with primary socializing agents.

AbstractBased on a survey of 6,989 individuals aged 60 and up from six countries (Austria, Denmark, Israel, the Netherlands, Romania and Spain), this study aimed at exploring the extent to which digital media practices complement and/or replace print media among older internet users. Results indicated a relative strength of print media among this audience and pointed to four differentiated sub-segments: hybrid readers—who comprised the majority of sample respondents—, heavy print readers, heavy online readers and non-readers. The segment type significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics. The findings indicate that older readers are not a homogenous group and that their reading habits are affected by a complex configuration of factors: technological features of different media, specific individual psychosocial needs, unequal allocation of cultural capital among varied social groups that results in different levels and types of literacy, and—at least to some extent—idiosyncratic cultural and political conditions in each country.

Social implications of cable TV & possible links between a global media & the development of individualistic & globalistic orientations are examined. It is argued that cable TV influences the needs, preferences, & obtained gratifications of viewers & affects their connections with world & national society, their primary groups, & their individual selves. Four years after cable TV was introduced in Israel in 1990, a telephone survey was conducted of 1,223 Jewish adults of similar social backgrounds, 60% of whom were cable subscribers & 40% not. Findings revealed that the nature of gratifications acquired from TV changed with the addition of cable. Subscribers felt far more connected with the global community than nonsubscribers & were more likely to find TV instrumental in fulfilling their psychosocial needs. There was also a distinction between the two groups' assessments of whether TV strengthened social ties. 2 Tables, 3 Figures, 25 References. Adapted from the source document.

A theoretical framework common to studies of the role of the mass media in the process of the social construction of reality from both European and American communication research traditions is developed in this article. The framework is derived from the theories of Schutz (1967) and Berger and Luckmann (1967) on the process of reality construction. A model composed of two dimensions—type of reality and distance of social elements from direct experience—is developed. Studies of the media and the social construction of reality are classified and discussed according to the model. The authors suggest that a holistic approach, as defined in this article, is the best suited perspective for a more complete understanding of the role of the mass media in the process of the social construction of reality, and for the integration of the two schools of communication research.