Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the important scientific problem of assessing the economic resources of the big business of the Chinese diaspora (overseas Chinese, in Chinese: huaqiao-huaren). The author has collected and studied statistical information on large enterprises of overseas Chinese. The author's sample included 339 large huaqiao-huaren enterprises, for which were available the year of foundation, location of head offices, geography of branches, subsidiaries, main business sectors, market capitalization and enterprises value. The paper analyzes the geographic location and sectoral structure of large enterprises of overseas Chinese. The big capital of the Chinese diaspora is estimated both in nominal terms and in comparison with the volume of accumulated outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of the PRC, as well as in relation to GDP and Gross fixed capital formation of individual countries and regions.

The author concludes that the big business of the Chinese diaspora is closely connected with the PRC. The big capital of the Chinese diaspora covers at least 117 countries and regions of Asia (50%), America (43-46%), Europe (3-4%), Oceania (more than 1%) and Africa (about 1%), and it is a powerful force in the world. This capital is mostly accumulated in the manufacturing industry — more than 65%, of which 49.6-52.5% is in the semiconductor industry. This is especially important in connection with the US technological war against the PRC and the ban on the sale of advanced semiconductors and equipment for their production to the PRC. The Chinese diaspora also has its own financial system in the countries and regions of Asia, Europe, America, and Oceania, which also includes the PRC.
Acknowledgements:
Author is grateful to E.S. Bazhenova (Ph.D. in Economics, Leading Researcher, ICCA RAS), A.G. Larin (Ph.D. in Philology) and Professor A.V. Ostrovsky (Dr.Sc. in Economics, Chief Researcher, IOS RAS) for valuable comments and recommendations that helped improve the original text of the article.

The article is devoted to the issues of the size of the Chinese diaspora (overseas Chinese or huaqiao-huaren — Chinese emigrants with PRC citizenship and ethnic Chinese with foreign citizenship), its location in the world and the degree of its self-organization. These issues are quite complex. There is still no generally accepted methodology for studying them. Changes in the size and geographical location of the Chinese diaspora are shown in a historical perspective, with an emphasis on 1949 (the creation of the PRC), 1978 (the beginning of the policy of reform and opening-up in the PRC) and 2000-2021 (suppositive present stage). The author analyzes international, Chinese (PRC and Taiwan), American and Russian estimates of the size of the Chinese diaspora and determines the range of the number of huaqiao-huaren at the present stage at 50-80 million people. She identifies 189 countries and regions of residence of overseas Chinese (earlier, a figure of 150-160 countries and regions appeared in national and foreign literature), and creates two maps of the geographical location of the Chinese diaspora by countries and regions of the world. One of them shows the actual number of overseas Chinese, the other shows the share of huaqiao-huaren in the population of countries and regions of the world. The paper also touches upon the topic of overseas Chinese communities. It studies the statistical data of the PRC and Taiwan regarding the size and types of activities of these communities. It also gives a brief overview of the economic situation of the Chinese diaspora in host countries. The author concludes that the Chinese diaspora has a high degree of self-organization and developed economic ties with China.