Together or separated towards development? Open government and state capacity building in local governments of Peru, 2011-2014 ; ¿Juntos o separados hacia el desarrollo? Gobierno abierto y la construcción de capacidad estatal en los gobiernos locales del Perú, 2011-2014
What factors explain the differences in the levels of local development within a country? A key determinant is state capacity: the ability of the state to penetrate its territory and logistically implement its decisions. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of municipal state capacity over local economic development in Peru. I evaluate the existence of externalities in the allocation of state capacity among neighboring municipalities and their effect on local economic development. The methodology used is based on a model of Spatial Lags of Independent Variables (SLX) augmented with Instrumental Variables (IV) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results show that the interaction between local governments plays an important role in municipal management: the levels of local state capacity of the municipalities of Peru (on average) complement each other (positive externalities). Furthermore, the state capacity of local governments is significantly influenced by the degree to which citizens are involved in the activities of the local state (open government). Finally, the results show that not only is the state capacity of local governments in Peru important to improve educational levels, reduce poverty and increase income levels, but also that this positive and significant effect on the level of development of the districts it is repowered by the effects of the externalities of the state capacity of neighboring local governments. ; ¿Qué factores explican las diferencias en los niveles de desarrollo local dentro de un país? Un determinante clave es la capacidad estatal: la habilidad del Estado para penetrar su territorio e implementar logísticamente sus decisiones en él. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el efecto de la capacidad estatal municipal sobre el nivel de desarrollo económico al nivel local en el Perú. Asimismo, se busca evaluar la existencia de externalidades en la asignación de capacidad estatal entre municipalidades vecinas y su efecto en el desarrollo económico ...