Suchergebnisse

Considering the current holistic character of the technical-financial and administrative extern control system of the public resources management present in doctrine, legislation and international instruments, this article analyzes the main control systems that can be identified at international level: Court of Auditors and General Comptroller. In this context, this article studies the evolution of the Ecuadorian system of control from the beginnings of the Republic to the present, showing the historical backward that the legal amendments promoted by the President Rafael Correa and the constitutional amendments approved by the National Assembly in December, 2015, represent because of the elimination of some powers of the General Comptroler´s Office, especially in order to determine responsibilities on the management of public resources. ; Partiendo del carácter integral que, en la doctrina y en la legislación e instrumentos internacionales, tiene actualmente el control externo, técnico-financiero y administrativode los recursos públicos, este artículo se refiere a los principales sistemas de control existentes a nivel internacional: Tribunal de Cuentas y Contraloría, y, en ese contexto, describe la evolución del sistema de control financiero en el Ecuador, desde inicios de la República hasta la actualidad, poniendo en evidencia el retroceso histórico que representa para el mismo, la adopción de reformas legales en el gobierno del Presidente Rafael Correa y de enmiendas constitucionales aprobadas por la Asamblea Nacional en diciembre de 2015, que eliminan algunas potestades de la Contraloría y, en especial, el control de gestión y las facultades de establecer responsabilidades sobre el mismo.

Maestrazgo Cultural Park is an integral rural development project which central goal is the revalorization of the natural and cultural heritage of an almost uninhabited territory. European initiatives have had a very important role in this project because fore more than 15 years they have been helping to point Mestrazgo in the European map characterizing it as a place on innovation in the heritage management. Lately, territorial planning, in the wider context of the public politics of Aragon region, is making necessary to modernise and reformulate the management of the Park to let it continue to be a reference in its activity. ; El Parque Cultural del Maestrazgo responde a un proyecto de Desarrollo Rural Integrado en el cual el aspecto aglutinante fundamental era el Patrimonio Cultural y Natural de un territorio despoblado. Las iniciativas europeas jugaron un papel fundamental y durante más de 15 años han situado en el mapa europeo el Maestrazgo como un lugar de innovación y gestión patrimonial. Los ordenamientos territoriales de los últimos años en el panorama político aragonés hacen que el Parque deba de reformular su gestión si quiere continuar siendo un referente.

Within Latin America, about 319 volcanoes have been active in the Holocene, but 202 of these volcanoes have no seismic, deformation or gas monitoring. Following the 2012 Santorini Report on satellite Earth Observation and Geohazards, the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) developed a 4-year pilot project (2013-2017) to demonstrate how satellite observations can be used to monitor large numbers of volcanoes cost-effectively, particularly in areas with scarce instrumentation and/or difficult access. The pilot aims to improve disaster risk management (DRM) by working directly with the volcano observatories that are governmentally responsible for volcano monitoring as well as with the international space agencies (ESA, CSA, ASI, DLR, JAXA, NASA, CNES). The goal is to make sure that the most useful data are collected at each volcano following the guidelines of the Santorini report that observation frequency is related to volcano activity, and to communicate the results to the local institutions in a timely fashion. Here we highlight how coordinated multi-satellite observations have been used by volcano observatories to monitor volcanoes and respond to crises. Our primary tool is measurements of ground deformation made by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), which have been used in conjunction with other observations to determine the alert level at these volcanoes, served as an independent check on ground sensors, guided the deployment of ground instruments, and aided situational awareness. During this time period, we find 26 volcanoes deforming, including 18 of the 28 volcanoes that erupted – those eruptions without deformation were less than 2 on the VEI scale. Another 7 volcanoes were restless and the volcano observatories requested satellite observations, but no deformation was detected. We describe the lessons learned about the data products and information that are most needed by the volcano observatories in the different countries using information collected by questionnaires. We propose a practical strategy for regional to global satellite volcano monitoring for use by volcano observatories in Latin America and elsewhere to realize the vision of the Santorini report. ; Por pares