Suchergebnisse

Der Islam verändert Europa, und Europa verändert den Islam. Das betrifft u. a. den Bereich des Rechts. Europäische Staatensysteme, gewachsen auf vergleichsweise homogenem kulturellem Boden, stehen angesichts der Integration der in Europa heimisch gewordenen Muslime vor enormen Herausforderungen. Zugleich wird das islamische Recht, das seit Jahrhunderten das Denken der Muslime bestimmt, in die Pflicht genommen: Es muss helfen, die Vorstellungswelt der Gläubigen gegenüber modernen europäischen Staatsprinzipien zu positionieren. Diese Veränderungen wecken Ängste und Vorurteile. Eine brisante Melange also, die das vorliegende Buch zu den 1. Münsteraner Gesprächen der Muslime aufgreift. Namhafte Wissenschaftler und namhafte Vertreter des Islam aus Deutschland und Europa beziehen Stellung.

Readers of this journal were introduced to the Population
Growth Estimation (PGE) experiment in the issue of Spring 1962 [5].
Since then five mimeographed interim reports1 have appeared and two
papers have been presented to international conferences [23 ;4]. The
experiment is now in its third year and the time has come to report more
comprehensively on the findings and experiences of the first two years.
We feel the importance of the findings to be so great for the future of
this country (and the confidence in their reliability to be sufficiently
high) that they should be disclosed. Even if not immediately accepted,
the findings will provoke continued enquiries, resulting in eventual
acceptance of more generally agreed upon vital rates. Simultaneously, a
more comprehensive report in the form of a monograph is being prepared
[3]. Opinions of an assertive nature in this article will — it is hoped
— be justified more convincingly in the monograph. The monograph will
thus enable both the authors and the readers to subject the PGE
experiment and its findings to a much more penetrating criticism than
the current article. Although this article is a report on the first two
years of the experiment, it repeats in broad strokes some of the
introductory material available elsewhere. Readers familiar with the
experiment will excuse this tendency to ensure that the present article
is self contained. Besides discussing certain natural developments
arising from the experiment, this paper indicates briefly some
evolutionary shifts in our thinking and the consequent changes in the
organization and administration of the experiment.

The PGE (abbreviation for Population Growth Estimation)
experiment has arisen out of the widely held feeling among economists
and development planners that in many underdeveloped countries
population growth is the most critical of all relevant variables.
Demographers, census takers and registrars of vital events are unable to
provide accurate and up-to-date information in this crucial field
because of the difficulties inherent in collecting the information. This
deficiency has been apparent in Pakistan for a long time. The current
(Second) Five Year Plan, in fact, states: "It is important that there
should be continuing surveys of the current size and characteristics of
the population and the levels of birth and death rates"2. Judging by the
experience of Western-type countries, a system of vital-events
registration takes decades, if not centuries, before it reaches an
acceptable degree of completeness. Periodic surveys provide, or at least
aim at providing, a swifter answer but depending basically—as they do—on
human recollection and on a consistent understanding of a time
reference, they frequently produce obviously inadequate answers. The
feeling has long been shared among demographers that a combination of
both methods ............

AbstractThe research was undertaken to study the influence of demographics, especially gender, age, education, and income, on the green purchase decisions of Indian consumers. The structured close‐ended questionnaire was distributed among millennials (graduate, post‐graduate, and doctorate students) in educational institutions in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 700 students participated in this study employing stratified random sampling. ANOVA and t‐tests were used to analyze the data. The study results show that education and income significantly influence while Age and gender do not significantly influence the green consumer behavior of young Indian consumers. The insights in this study will be helpful to green marketers as they develop strategies for Indian consumers of various genders, age groups, educational backgrounds, occupations, and socioeconomic levels. Future academics and researchers might adopt this work as a starting point to further explore the idea of green marketing in India.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. Based on the findings of the non-communicable disease Risk Factors Survey Bangladesh 2010, the prevalence of hypertension in adults 25 years or older in Bangladesh is 20.1%. The Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2011 showed that approximately 50% of those affected are unaware of their hypertensive condition. The May Measurement Month 2017 (MMM17) is a global initiative of the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) aimed at raising awareness of high BP. We participated in MMM17 to raise awareness of hypertension screening and identify those with elevated BP who were unaware, and those on treatment with still uncontrolled hypertension. Following the standard protocol designed by the ISH, we participated in MMM17, an opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18. It was carried out in May 2017. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Data were collected from 35 screening sites in 33 districts in Bangladesh. Personnel from several government and non-government organizations volunteered in this huge event. A total of 11 418 individuals were screened during MMM17, of which 5401 (47.3%) were found to have hypertension. Of 8365 individuals not receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 2348 (28.1%) were hypertensive. Of 3053 individuals receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 1594 (52.2%) had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Bangladesh. This study suggests that opportunistic screening can identify significant numbers of people with raised BP. A periodic public health programme at a national level needs to be initiated to increase hypertension detection and control rate and thus for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.