Suchergebnisse

In this paper, I examine the relationship between three distinct attitudes of mothers (pro-boy, egalitarian, and pro-girl) and stunting among boys and girls of age 0–14 years in India using the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) 2004–2005. Probit model estimates suggest that mothers' pro-girl attitudes are associated with less likelihood of observing stunting among girls and boys. Additional analysis by wealth categories shows that stunting among girls reduces when they have mothers with pro-girl attitudes and live in wealthy households. Robustness tests conducted with "severely stunted" as the dependent variable confirm the findings.

In this paper, I examine the relationship between three distinct attitudes of mothers (pro-boy, egalitarian, and pro-girl) and stunting among boys and girls of age 0–14 years in India using the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) 2004–2005. Probit model estimates suggest that mothers' pro-girl attitudes are associated with less likelihood of observing stunting among girls and boys. Additional analysis by wealth categories shows that stunting among girls reduces when they have mothers with pro-girl attitudes and live in wealthy households. Robustness tests conducted with "severely stunted" as the dependent variable confirm the findings.

Globally, the dependency ratio is rising due to increase in aging population. Individuals, especially women are challenged when choosing between participating in the labor market and providing care. Using 2011-2017 American Time Use Survey data for a subsample of individuals aged 25- 61 years, we examine the effect of frequent eldercare provision on labor force participation in the US using bivariate probit instrumental variable approach. Our findings suggest that unpaid eldercare performed frequently reduces labor force participation. Female frequent providers are likely to have lower labor force participation compared to their male counterparts. Robustness and sensitivity checks confirm these findings.

This short note estimates the economic value of women's unpaid household service work in Bangladesh using data from the Time Use Survey 2021 of BBS. This survey collected detailed information 17,772 respondents (10,024 female and 7,748 male) from 8,000 households on how individuals aged 15 years and older spent their time over a 24-hour period in a day on various activities. Productive time of all household members is divided into three categories: i) household chores (e.g. cooking, cleaning, etc.); ii) caregiving services for household members; and iii) paid and self-employed work. The first two categories comprise unpaid household service work. Data show that women and men spent 7 hours and 6.9 hours on productive work, respectively. In order to estimate the total economic value of women's unpaid work, we follow an input-based replacement cost approach with generalist wage rates. Our estimate shows that the valuation of women's unpaid care work is BDT 5,307 billion, which is equivalent to 14.8 per cent of the GDP in 2021. This figure is a meagre 2.8 per cent of GDP for men.