Suchergebnisse

Hauptbeschreibung: This volume represents some of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Research Committee on Development Economics (Ausschuss für Entwicklungsländer) of the German Economic Association (Verein für Socialpolitik) held in Cologne, Germany, in July 2004. The meeting focused on the effectiveness of, and new approaches in, development cooperation. Both issues have become increasingly important in recent years in view of the declining volume of budget funds allocated to development cooperation. The papers discussing the effectiveness of foreign aid shed new light on the issue

Hauptbeschreibung: Der vorliegende Sammelband enthält Referate, die auf der Jahrestagung 2003 des Ausschusses für Entwicklungsländer des Vereins für Socialpolitik in Hamburg gehalten wurden. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Beurteilung der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (EZ). Einen ersten Schwerpunkt bilden die in der Praxis der EZ angewendeten Verfahren zur Evaluierung von Projekten. Die Methodik zweier in der deutschen EZ tätiger Institutionen wird dargestellt und einer kritischen Beurteilung bezüglich der adäquaten Berücksichtigung verschiedener Erfolgskriterien wie z.B. der Nachhaltigkeit unterzogen

The present article analyses the development and major causes of the economic disparities between East and West Pakistan, which were a major determinant of the secession of Bangladesh. Disparity in real per capita incomes increased from roughly 25 per cent in 1949/50 to 45 per cent in 1969/70. It is argued that this development was due to two main factors, namely 1. the more favourable position of West Pakistan at the time of independence of Pakistan and the resulting circular and cumulative effects and 2. government policies, in particular with regard to the regional allocation of development and non-development expenditure, foreign exchange earnings and foreign aid. The analysis of foreign and interregional trade reveals that a net transfer of real resources from East to West Pakistan amounting to 8—9 per cent of East Pakistan's income took place. Government allocation policies can partly be explained by the desire to maximize GNP growth and the assumption of a considerably higher capital-output ratio (or a very restricted absorptive capacity) in East Pakistan; however, political factors like the dominance of West Pakistanis in the Central Government, the military and the civil service seem to have played a more crucial role.

Bangladesh is handicapped by very unfavourable natural conditions, inter alia extreme floods and droughts, an unfavourable pattern of farm sizes and the consequences of rising oil prices. For these reasons agricultural production lagged behind the planned targets in the first two years of the First Five Year Plan (1973–78). In the third year of the Plan the situation seems to have somewhat changed for the better. If this is not only due to accidental factors like favourable weather conditions but also a consequence of the present Government's serious efforts, there may be a glimmer of hope for the country.

The present article analyses the economic performance of Bangladesh, mainly for 1973/74 and 1974-/75, against the background of the country's basic development problems on the one hand and of the objectives and targets set out in its First Five-Year Plan (1973-1978) on the other. Special emphasis is laid on the development of the agricultural sector, the performance of its major determinants, and its impact on the balance of payments. Finally, the influence of domestic and international political developments on present and future economic perspectives of Bangladesh is borne out.