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This study aims to determine the effect of public sector expenditure lag , and the lag of the regional economy to the economy of West Sumatra Province and the lag effect of the regional economy , and the lag of public sector spending on public sector expenditures West Sumatra Province . This research is a quantitative descriptive and associative . The analysis model used in this study is a model of Vector Autoregression ( VAR models ) using simulation ( lag 1 and 2 ) and ( lag 1 , 2 and 3 ) . The simulation results show the model VAR ( lag 1 and 2 ) is more appropriate , because the SIC and AIC is smaller. The results showed that the local economy lag 1 and lag 2 public sector spending significant effect terhadaap West Sumatra provincial economy . While the regional economy lag 1 and lag 1 public sector spending also significantly on public sector spending areas of West Sumatra province . In connection with these results , the study recommends that local governments pursue policies that constantly improve public sector spending so that spending on lag 1 and lag 2 plays a role in the regional economy so that these conditions have a causal effect between public sector spending and the economy of the province of West Sumatra .

This study is investigating and analyzing the soybean agriculture at Nagari Koto Hilalang in Solok. First of all, it will address the problems to the production of the soybean. Then the quality of the soy seed and the fertilizer which are used in the production of soy bean will be analyzed in order to optimize the harvest results. Finally, it will securitize the efficiency and the effectiveness of the soybean production. These issues will be discussed descriptively and associatively by using the primary data. There are 36 farmers which are involved in this study as the respondent. All the data were analyzed by using multiple regressions in order to optimize the production subject to the cost of production. The constant parameters are the farm land, and the labor. It finds out that the soy seed and fertilizer are giving significant influence to the soybean output. Also, the soybean production function is decreasing return to scale. The average production cost is Rp. 5.000.000 while the fixed cost is Rp.4.453.000 and variable cost is Rp. 547.000. The production soybean is 368,33 kg per hectare farm and the selling price is Rp. 12.000. As the consequence, the soybean agriculture is not benefit enough. Based on these results, it recommend to the local government to conduct policy in the following sectors ; a) direct subsidize the price of seed and the fertilizer to the famers, b) ensuring the soybean market with national market price set by the government, c) education and training of downstream products from soybeans, so that the farmers become economically well establish

ABSTRACT This study aims to identify and analyze: (a) the effect of the ratio of the money supply, real output ratio, the difference in inflation, interest rate differentials and foreign trade Indonesia-USA on the exchange rate IDR/US $, (b) the influence of the ratio of real output Indonesi -the United States, the ratio of real output and the Indonesia-Japan exchange rate IDR/U.S. $ against Indonesia's foreign trade-the United States, and (c) foreign trade prospects for Indonesia and the United States. The data used in the study is the time series of the year 1997:3 until 2009:4. The data are stationary at different degrees, but both models cointegration analysis. Furthermore, both models are tested in the identification, reduced form and causality endogenous variables, the two models are estimated using the method of simultaneous equations with 2SLS (Two Stage Least Squares. The results of this study show that: (a) the ratio of the money supply, real output ratio, the difference in inflation, interest rate differentials and foreign trade of the United States Indonesia-significant effect on the exchange rate of IDR/U.S. $, (b) the real output ratio of Indonesia-USA, the ratio of real output the Indonesia-Japan and exchange rate IDR/U.S. $ significant effect on Indonesia's foreign trade-the United States, and (c) foreign trade Indonesia and the United States have a positive outlook until 2017. From this research, the study recommends to the government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Industry and Trade to continue to give encouragement to the foreign trade sector to increase the quantity and the quality and diversification of exported commodities that Indonesia's foreign trade prospects-the United States can be realized. Keyword: foreign trade, exchange rates, real output and money supply.

ABSTRACT This study is focused on productivity, human resources investment, phisical investment and employment to proverty and economic growth in Indonesia. The proverty is influenced by education investment, health investment, productivity and economic growth. On the other hand, the economic growth part is affected by productivity, phisical investment, employment and proverty. From econometric study, we found that proverty and economic growth give causality and contribute significantly. The data series was taken from 1980-2009. Simultaneous model 2SLS is used to analyze education investment, health investment, productivity, phisical investment, employment, proverty and economic growth coefficients size. Before future analysis, we also checked stationary test, co-integration test and causalities between proverty and economic growth. We conclude that the government need to increase incentive in public sector and riel sector in order to increase investment and economic. Therefore, it can decrease proverty rate and increase economic growth in Indonesia. Keyword: Human resources investment, Phisical investment, Productivity, Proverty and Economic growth.

The purpose of research to obtain: 1) the influence of leadership and training at Satuan Perangkat Kerja Daerah (SKPD) in the West Sumatra and 2) the influence of leadership, training and competence to the implementation of performance-based budgeting in SKPD in the West Sumatra. The results showed that: 1) the higher the value the leadership and training will increase personal competences at SKPD in the Government of West Sumatra, and 2) the higher the value of leadership, training and competence of personnel in the performance-based budget eating SKPD in the West Sumatra government will be better. The results of the study recommends public policies to: 1) provide training, seminars, or training for management officials of local finance, 2) pay attention to the efficiency and accuracy in accordance with the objectives of financial management areas, and 3) leadership increase cooperation good with officers, supervision or control and delegate authority to officers who truly understand the tasks assigned. Key Words : Leadership, training, competence, west sumatera

This study aims to analyze the influence of soybean import, per capita income, and soybean price to soybean consumption and to analyze prospect of soybean consumption in Indonesia from 2015 - 2020. Furthermore, the aim is also to analyze the influence of soybean consumption, per capita income and real exchange rate to soybean import and the prospect of soybean import in Indonesia from 2015 - 2020. The data used is from the time series 1983 until 2012. The analysis model in this study uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Forecasting Vektor Autoregression (VAR). The result shows with OLS at soybean consumption equation that soybean import, per capita income, and soybean price significantly effects on the soybean consumption in Indonesia and it's prospect with forecasting VAR shows that soybean consumption always increasing from 2015 - 2020. Moreover, soybean consumption, per capita income, and the real exchange rate significantly effect on soybean import in Indonesia and it's prospect with forecasting VAR shows that soybean import always increasing from 2015 - 2020. The Soybean import values larger than soybean consumption values from 2018 - 2020. Accordingly, the recommends to the Indonesian government to reduce soybean imports by increasing soybean production by establishing local soybean prices, so that soybean farmers feel advantaged. Key Word: soybean consumption, soybean import, and soybean price.

The study explained the effects of the original income of region on economic growth; and equilibrium funds (general allocation funds and special allocation funds) on regencies and city economic growth in West Sumatera.The type of research is the study causative. The data was conducted in 12th regencies and 7th cities in West Sumatra and time series 2009 to 2013. The analysis used Regression Panel Model (Pooled Analysis). The result show that the original income of region and general allocation funds significantly effect on economic growth, but Special allocation funds had no significant effect with the negative direction on regencies and city economic growth in West Sumatera. It's recomended that the Government is explorated to the sources of revenues primarily to revenue (original income of region) because it's a major source of financing that will to increase the economic growth of a region. Besides that, districts and cities in West Sumatra so much attention to the use of these funds, so that the assistance provided by the central government targeted and appropriate objectives was boost economic growth in each region.Keyword: Original income of region, Equilibrium funds, and Economic growth.

This study explains the Indonesian economy recently experienced a weakening or slowing in the first quarter of 2015 that showed economic growth of 4.7 percent. It is certainly believed to be caused by internal and external factors, which impacted on the Indonesian government spending either in 2015 or in 2016. This study uses time series data. Furthermore, stationary and cointegration tests were analyzed using multilevel regression model with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and an Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) model. The results of this study will determine the internal and external factors that strengthen or weaken the relationship between the economy and government spending in Indonesia. Thus, based on these findings, policy in overcoming economic difficulties can be determined and local and central government budget for 2016 can be established.

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of: (1) economic growth for development inequality between districts / cities in West Sumatra, (2) investment towards development gaps between districts / cities in West Sumatra, (3) labor for development inequality between counties / town in West Sumatra and (4) fund balance to inequality of development between districts / cities in West Sumatra. This type of research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is data documentary, source of data is secondary data as well as data-shaped panel (combined data time series and cross-section). This research use analysis tool with Ordinary Least Squared (OLS). The study concluded that (1) Economic growth significant and positive impact on the inequality of development of West Sumatra province. (2) Investment inequality affects development of West Sumatra province significantly and positively. (3) Workers not significant impact on the inequality of development of West Sumatra province. (4) The fund balance inequality influence the development of West Sumatra province significantly and positively. Based on these results the policies that can be suggested is to increase government spending on productive expenditure such as construction of a strategic business region in order to increase the amount of capital investment as development. Keyword : development inequality, economic growth, invesment, labor, fund balance

This study aimed to analyze the effect of (1) public investment education sector, the health sector and public investment on labor productivity IPM West Sumatra (2) labor productivity, shopping areas, infrastructure and income inequality on economic growth of West Sumatra. This type of research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is data documentary, source of data is secondary data as well as data in the form of data panel with 19 districts / cities from 2010 - 2013. This study uses a simultaneous equation model analysis tool with Indirect methods Stages Least Squared (ILS). The study concluded that (1) public investment education sector, the health sector and public investment IPM significant effect on labor productivity in West Sumatra. With the meaning of words, if public investment and public investment education sector increased health sector and accompanied by HDI is the better it would be the better labor productivity in the area. (2) shopping areas, infrastructure and income inequality affects economic growth in West Sumatra significantly. That is, the increase in shopping areas, improved infrastructure and declining inequality of income then this condition will lead to an increase in the economic growth. Based on these results the policies suggested the government may need to increase budget allocations for education and health. Good quality education will give a good effect on the mindset and behavior patterns of people of West Sumatra. With the increase in budget for health, the public will have better access to services and to health.

This study aims to analyze(1)The effect ofgoverment expenditure on inflaton,(2)The effect of tax on inflaton (3)The effect ofthe money supply on inflaton (4)The effect ofinterest rates on inflaton and (5) The effect ofinflation,government expenditure, tax, the money supply, interest rates on the labor force in the Indonesia state. Data used time series of 1980 - 2013. This article use analyzer model path analysis. The result of research concludesthat (1)the incomehave a significantand positive impact onthe investment,interest rateshave significantand negatively impact onthe investment,government expenditure significantlyandpositiveon the investment, while inflationis notsignificant and negativeeffecton the investmentinNorth Sumatera.If incomeincreases, the investmentwill also increase. If interest rates increases, the investment will decreases, and If government expenditure increases, the investment will increases. (2)the investmenthave a significantand positive impact onthe income, government expenditure is not significant and positive on the income,the money supplyhave significantand positive impact onthe income, and tax have significantand negatively impact onthe income in North Sumatera. If investmentincreases, the incomewill also increase,if the money supply increase, the income will increase, and then if the tax increase, the income will decreases. Keywords :interest rates, goverment expenditure, inflation, the money supply, tax and labor force.

This studyaimed toanalyzethe effect of(1) wages, population growth, labor force participation rate(LFPR) andunemploymenton labor supplyin West Sumatra. (2) labor supplyand labor demandon wages. (3) wages, investment, economyandproductivityof thelabor demandin West Sumatra. This research isdescriptiveandassociative. While thetype of datais datadocumentary, the datasourceis asecondary dataas well asdata in the formof time seriesofthe first quarterof 2002-the fourth quarter of2012.This study uses asimultaneousequation modelanalysis toolwithTwoStagesLeastSquaredmethod(TSLS).The study concluded that (1) wages, labor force participation rate (LFPR) and unemployment have a significant effect on labor supply in West Sumatra. However, population growth has no significant effect on labor supply in West Sumatra. (2) labor supply and labor demand affect wages in West Sumatra significantly. (3) Wages, investment, economy and productivity significantly influence the demand for labor in West Sumatra. Based on these results policies can be suggested that the government was asked to increase education and training for jobs that could only be done by men. The government needs to increase investment oriented to the labor intensive (labor intensive) by simplifying the licensing process, the necessary policies can actually synchronize between the interests of employers and unions in wage setting both the minimum wage regional, provincial or district / city. Keywords :labor supply, labor demandand wages

This study aims to analyze and determine (1) the effect of the tax revenue, money supply, employment, consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports to Indonesia's economy, (2) the effect of the economy, poverty level, the policy of taxing (Act No.36 of 2008) to tax revenues in Indonesia. This research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is the documentary data and the data source is a secondary data in the form of time series from 1970-2012. Research use simultaneous equation model analysis of Two Stage Least Squared method (TLS). The result of study that (1) Variable of tax revenue, money supply, employment, consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports influential positive and significant towards the economy in Indonesia. (2) the economic variables, poverty level, and policy of taxing influential positive and significant towards tax revenues. Based on these results the policies that can be recommended is that the government needs to increase the real sector productivity (output) through incentives such as tax reduction, given the ease of investment regulations, and improve the quality and quantity of export product diversification. Determination of the amount of tax revenue target should pay more attention to macroeconomic indicators, while the increase in institutional functioning of the Directorate General of Taxes, Ministry of Finance in order to focus on the implementation and improvement of tax administration measures. Keywords: Economy, tax revenues, government spending, income per capita, the policy of taxing

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of: (1) government spending on economic growth Jambi province, (2) taxes on economic growth Jambi, (3) the money supply to economic growth Jambi and (4) interest rates on economic growth Jambi province. This research uses the methods of analysis tools Ordinary Least Squared (OLS). The dependent variable in the study of economic growth. While the independent variable in this study is government spending, taxes, the money supply and interest rates. The research concludes that (1) government spending significant and positive impact on economic growth of Jambi Province. (2) taxes affect economic growth Jambi significantly and negatively. (3) the money supply is also a positive effect on economic growth signifikandan Jambi Province. (4) interest rates affect economic growth Jambi significantly and negatively. Based on these results the policies that can be advised Local Government (LG) is the need for local government or policy makers efforts by increasing government spending (Expansionary Fiscal Policy). The Government is expected to set the proper allocation of tax so as not to weaken the purchasing power of consumers. The Government is expected to set the proper allocation of tax so as not to weaken the purchasing power of consumers. Local government and Bank Indonesia in order to maintain liquidity or the availability of money in the economy Jambi. Government along the banks especially Bank Indonesia in order to maintain a healthy rate so it does not impact on the decline in the interest of investors to invest. Keyword : Fiscal Policy, Moneter Policy, Government Expenditure, Tax, Money Supply, Interest Rate

This article focused on analyze (1) the effect of oil production, fuel consumption, oil prices, exports and imports of oil and the rate of inflation affects income in the Indonesian manufacturing sector, (2) the effect of manufacturing revenues, the money supply, rate interest, rate of inflation, exports and imports of oil and oil prices affect the rupiah. This research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is the documentary data, the data source is a secondary data as well as data in the form of time series of quarter one 2000 to quarter four of 2012. This study uses a simultaneous equation model analysis tools in the form of least squares (LS). Endogenous variables in this study the manufacturing sector revenues and the rupiah whereas exogenous variable is oil production, fuel consumption, oil prices, oil exports, oil imports, inflation rates, interest rates and the money supply The study concluded that ( 1 ) the production of crude oil , oil exports and inflation rate is statistically significant and negative to earnings in the Indonesian manufacturing sector , fuel consumption and oil imports significant and positive impact on revenues statistically processing industry in Indonesia , whereas no significant effect on the price of oil and has a statistically positive direction to the manufacturing sector revenues in Indonesia . ( 2 ) the export of oil and oil prices and the negative effect is statistically significant against the rupiah . But the money supply effect is statistically significant and positive against the rupiah , oil imports , interest rates and income do not affect the manufacturing sector is statistically significant and negative against the rupiah , while the inflation rate has no effect is statistically significant and positive exchange Rupiah . Based on the results of these studies can be recommended policies include the government should reduce the consumption of fossil fuels by finding new alternative energy. Although this policy is not popular but the government must revoke the fuel subsidy, in addition to reducing the burden on the state will also have an impact on the reduction of congestion and air pollution. Indonesian government through the banks should maintain exchange rate stability, as the rupiah will reflect the state of the domestic economy. Keywords : manufacturing revenue, exchange rate