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This article examines the history of how the concept of the social action paradigm was created, as well as the prospects for its use in analyzing Russia's current development. The first part of the study presents reflections on the development of the concept, and on how the process was affected by research principles created by Irina Khaliy, which include the study of activism and actualized values, as well as an outlook on social processes and phenomena based on locality. In conjunction this created a unique monitoring perspective, which identifies the properties of social action and its subject, while exhibiting the paradoxes and contradictions of the Soviet and Russian system of management. It is shown how a conclusion was reached on the active subject playing a crucial role in the traditional Russian model of government, as well as how the notion of the social action paradigm came to be, it being a combination of the basic properties of the action itself and its subject, which includes the ability to think outside the box and act independently, the value of complex and creative work, the value of freedom of action and so forth. Part two of the study considers the prospects of using such an interpretation of social action as "a dichotomy of free and algorithmic action" to examine processes of development. Progress in our time is aimed at an absolute algorithmization of human activity, as well as replacing humans in every single field with algorithms in the future. On a federal level, strategic planning in Russia prioritizes digitization and technological advancement. Space-wise, a trend is emerging towards establishing large metropolitan areas, which are more suitable for developing a system of technologies as opposed to small towns and settlements. Russia's lagging development might result in social action being reduced to an algorithm, its subject – to a function, in other words – this might lead to the formation of a person who is unable to think or act independently. Technological cycles being totally dominated by algorithms in practice might lead to the appearance of "unnecessary people", who's physical survival cannot be guaranteed. The article poses the question – given such a situation, can you even consider these transformations to be advancement or progress?

Anthropogenic freshwater habitats may provide undervalued prospects for long-term conservation as part of species conservation planning. This fundamental, but overlooked, issue requires attention considering the pace that humans have been altering natural freshwater ecosystems and the accelerated levels of biodiversity decline in recent decades. We compiled 709 records of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) inhabiting a broad variety of anthropogenic habitat types (from small ponds to large reservoirs and canals) and reviewed their importance as refuges for this faunal group. Most records came from Europe and North America, with a clear dominance of canals and reservoirs. The dataset covered 228 species, including 34 threatened species on the IUCN Red List. We discuss the conservation importance and provide guidance on how these anthropogenic habitats could be managed to provide optimal conservation value to freshwater mussels. This review also shows that some of these habitats may function as ecological traps owing to conflicting management practices or because they act as a sink for some populations. Therefore, anthropogenic habitats should not be seen as a panacea to resolve conservation problems. More information is necessary to better understand the trade-offs between human use and the conservation of freshwater mussels (and other biota) within anthropogenic habitats, given the low number of quantitative studies and the strong biogeographic knowledge bias that persists. ; This publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18239, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). A.M.L. was financed by the Institute of Environmental Sciences Jagiellonian University (N18/DBS/000003) and K.N. by the Aragón Government. The authors acknowledge Jarosław Andrzejewski, Bartosz Czader, Anna Fica, Marcin Horbacz, Tomasz Jonderko, Steinar Kålås, Tomasz Kapela, Bjørn Mejdell Larsen, Maciej Pabijan, Katarzyna Pawlik, Ilona Popławska, Joanna Przybylska, Tomasz Przybył, Mateusz Rybak, Kjell ...

Freshwater mussels are declining globally, and effective conservation requires prioritizing research and actions to identify and mitigate threats impacting mussel species. Conservation priorities vary widely, ranging from preventing imminent extinction to maintaining abundant populations. Here, we develop a portfolio of priority research topics for freshwater mussel conservation assessment. To address these topics, we group research priorities into two categories: intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are indicators of organismal or population status, while extrinsic factors encompass environmental variables and threats. An understanding of intrinsic factors is useful in monitoring, and of extrinsic factors are important to understand ongoing and potential impacts on conservation status. This dual approach can guide conservation status assessments prior to the establishment of priority species and implementation of conservation management actions. ; NF-R was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship (Xunta de Galicia Plan I2C 2017-2020, 09.40.561B.444.0) from the government of the autonomous community of Galicia. BY was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (no. 0409-2016-0022). DLS was supported by the G. E. Hutchinson Chair at the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies. AO was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (no. 17-44-290016). SV was funded by European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI- Operacional Competitiveness and Internacionalization Programme, under Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and National Funds by FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013. NF-R is very grateful to the University of Oklahoma Biological Survey for providing space to work in the U.S. and especially to Vaughn Lab members. Authors are very grateful to Akimasa Hattori, Allan K. Smith, Andrew Roberts, Daniel Graf, David Stagliano, David T. Zanatta, Dirk Van Damme, Ekaterina Konopleva, Emilie Blevins, Ethan Nedeau, Frankie Thielen, ...