Suchergebnisse

AbstractCompared to technical infrastructure, nature-based solutions, NBS, strive to work with nature and to move beyond business-as-usual practices in order to address societal challenges such as flood risks. This research aims to spatially identify possible NBS areas and evaluate the areas capacity to provide selected ecosystem services, ES, for the Lahn river landscape in Germany. The research follows the functional landscape approach using hydromorphological landscape units, HLU, based on specific biophysical spatial criteria, such as slope, to then identify locations which may be considered suitable for NBS. The current ES delivery of these possible NBS areas is then evaluated. The three ES assessed are carbon storage, nutrient retention and recreation. We then undertake a geospatial comparison analysis to show the spatial relationships and patterns that emerge in regards to the ES configuration of the distinct NBS apt areas. Results show the HLU method serves to delineate and identify areas where NBS may exist or be implemented. The data depicts a distinct spatial pattern for each possible NBS space and complementary ES delivery. This explorative method is a useful spatial approach that can support NBS implementation and serve to investigate the multiple benefits NBS provide. The use of ecosystem services to compare and understand NBS is a viable prospect that must, however, be cautiously, locally and scientifically approached. Noticeable limitations regarding ES assessment remain, as available methods are often insufficiently inclusive of natural ecosystem processes and functions. Further research should assess a broader spectrum of NBS and their delivery of ES.

The vector-borne disease is a disease caused by an organism that can transmit disease between human or animal to human. In Indonesia, several vector-borne diseases are a burden of the government including dengue fever, chikungunya, filariasis, and malaria. The attractive baited lethal ovitrap (ALOT) is a novel strategy to alleviate mosquito populations in three main actions: attraction, an adulticide, and larvacide. Research using plant infusion can attract mosquitoes to lay their eggs is needed. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the mosquito repellent solution using materials from organic waste in Bandung. This study was a quantitative analytic study with a quasi-experimental design conducted in the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran area in October 2016–July 2017. Research subjects are mosquito eggs in a solution which placed at 25 different places for every solution. The analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test. The result of the Kruskal-Wallis test indicates the difference of effectiveness of each solution (p<0.05). Based on the results of the Dunn test, the most significant difference found in the solution of wood shavings with the vegetable waste solution and the solution of wood shavings with corn straw (p<0.05). In conclusion, there is a difference in the effectiveness of the mosquito repellent solutions and the most attractive solution for mosquitoes to oviposit is the corn straw solution. EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI LARUTAN PENARIK NYAMUK UNTUK MENGONTROL POPULASI NYAMUKPenyakit tular vektor adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh organisme yang dapat mentransmisikan penyakit antarmanusia atau hewan ke manusia. Di Indonesia, terdapat beberapa penyakit tular vektor yang masih menjadi beban pemerintah, di antaranya demam berdarah, chikungunya, penyakit kaki gajah, dan malaria. Attractive baited lethal ovitrap (ALOT) merupakan strategi baru untuk menurunkan populasi nyamuk dalam tiga aksi utama, yaitu attraction, adulticide, dan larvacide. Penelitian terkait larutan dari tanaman yang dapat menarik nyamuk sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitas larutan penarik nyamuk dengan menggunakan bahan dari limbah organik yang ada di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-eksperimental yang dilakukan di lingkungan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Oktober 2016–Juli 2017. Subjek penelitian merupakan telur nyamuk yang ada pada larutan yang diletakkan pada 25 titik untuk setiap larutan. Analisis dengan Uji Kruskal-Wallis yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Dunn. Hasil penelitian dengan Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan efektivitas tiap-tiap larutan (p<0,05). Berdasar atas hasil Uji Dunn, perbedaan yang paling signifikan terdapat pada larutan serutan kayu dengan larutan sampah sayur dan larutan serutan kayu dengan jerami jagung (p<0,05). Simpulan, terdapat perbedaan efektivitas larutan penarik nyamuk dan larutan yang menarik nyamuk paling banyak untuk bertelur adalah larutan jerami jagung.

1. Landscape planning and ecosystem services: the sum is more than the parts -- 2. Objectives and structure of the book -- 3. Theories and methodology for ecosystem services assessment in landscape planning -- 4. The basis of evaluation: legal, economic and social factors -- 5. Data sources for assessments -- 6. Using GIS in landscape planning -- 7. Ecosystem services under pressure -- 8. European Union policies and standards as drivers for ecosystem service provision and impairment -- 9. Assessing pressures in landscape planning -- 10. Production capacity and actual provision of food, materials and energy -- 11. Cooper, Hiscock: Catchment water resources -- 12. Renewable energy production capacities and goods -- 13.Regional climate regulation capacities -- 14. Greenhouse gas storage and sequestration function -- 15. Landscape aesthetic capacities as a cultural ecosystem service -- 16. The natural support system of ecosystems -- 17. Identification and evaluation of habitat development potentials -- 18. Habitat capacity -- 19. Evaluation of multifunctionality and aggregated benefits -- 20. Economic valuation of services -- 21. Developing landscape planning objectives and measures -- 22. Measures for protecting soil-related ecosystem services -- 23. Mitigation measures for water pollution and flooding -- 24. Measures for landscape aesthetics and recreational quality -- 25. Measures for biodiversity -- 26. Methods for increasing spatial and cost effectiveness of measures through multifunctionality -- 27. Leitbilder and scenarios in landscape planning -- 28. Techniques for participatory approaches -- 29. Design in landscape planning solutions -- 30. Perspectives from outside the EU: Influence of legal and planning frameworks on landscape planning -- 31. Synthesis and prospects for landscape planning