Suchergebnisse

Antiterrorism legislation that has been drafted & enacted after September 11 (2001) certainly carries clear signs of coordination & convergence. Coordination & convergence have been pushed by precise demands voiced by the UN, the security council, & other international & supranational bodies. Moreover, antiterrorism legislation after 9/11 implements a program that was developed in the context of controlling transnational organized crime, money laundering, & illegal immigration in the 1980s & 1990s. Antiterrorism legislation is of a cross sectional nature as it is headed towards amendments not only of criminal law but also towards amending telecommunication law, immigration law, police law, etc. In substantial criminal law we find new offence statutes that penalize support of terrorist organizations & financing terrorism. In procedural law police powers have been widened while telecommunication providers are subject to prolonged periods of keeping data. Cooperation between police & intelligence agencies has been facilitated; the emergence of task force approaches that combine police, intelligence agencies, customs, immigration authorities, etc, is pointing also to the convergence of policies of prevention & repression. At large, antiterrorism legislation demonstrates the transformation of the formerly privileged status of politically & ideologically motivated violence into behavior deemed to be particularly dangerous & therefore eligible for increased penalties & incapacitation. Such transformation can be also understood as the emergence of an enemy type criminal law that is opposed to the version of criminal law that addresses citizens & with that treasures the salience of civil liberties. 49 References. Adapted from the source document.