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This paper contributes to the recent literature on the exporter wage premium. The literature has focused on an exporter/non-exporter dichotomy. Instead, this paper provides first evidence that there is a more continuous destination-market effect. Using Spanish data, we estimate wage premia for establishments selling to the national, European Union, and rest of the world markets (wages in local-market establishments are the reference). Controlling for worker and establishment characteristics, output-market wage premia are increasing in market remoteness and employee education. Establishment human capital is also increasing in output-market remoteness. On the theoretical side, the paper builds a model predicting that firms selling to more-remote markets employ higher human capital and pay higher wages to employees within each education group. The channel linking these variables is firms' endogenous choice of quality. The model provides a potential explanation for the empirical results in the paper, which is consistent with the evidence on the positive relationship between output-market remoteness and quality of exports put forward by recent trade literature.

El presente trabajo pretende analizar la reducción del cuerpo a los caracteres de Lo Mismo en que está escrito el mundo verdadero de la metafísica, tal y como es llevada a cabo por la Imagen Dogmática del pensamiento denunciada por Gilles Deleuze. Desde esta perspectiva, se intentará desmontar la supuesta inocencia axiológica de la Imagen Dogmática del pensamiento, bosquejando en primer lugar las indeseables consecuencias políticas que la misma lleva aparejadas y tratando en segundo lugar de dilucidar las condiciones de posibilidad del cambio sociopolítico en la filosofía de Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari ; This work pretends to analyse the reduction of the body to the characters of The Same in which is written the true world of metaphysics, in the way in which it has been done by the Dogmatic Image of Thought denounced by Gilles Deleuze. From this perspective, we will try to dismantle the supposed axiological innocence of the Dogmatic Image of Thought, elucidating in first place its undesirable political consequences and trying in second place to analyse the conditions of possibility of socio-political change in Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's philosophy. ; Programa de Formación de Profesorado Universitario del Ministerio de Educación español.

Desertification is a major global environmental issue exacerbated by climate change. Strategies to combat desertification include prevention which seeks to reverse the process before the system reaches the stable desertified state. One of these initiatives is to implement early warning tools. This paper presents SAT (the Spanish acronym for Early Warning System), a decision support system (DSS), for assessing the risk of desertification in Spain, where 20% of the land has already been desertified and 1% is in active degradation. SAT relies on three versions of a Generic Desertification Model (GDM) that integrates economics and ecology under the predator-prey paradigm. The models have been programmed using Vensim, a type of software used to build and simulate System Dynamics (SD) models. Through Visual Basic programming, these models are operated from the Excel environment. In addition to the basic simulation exercises, specially designed tools have been coupled to assess the risk of desertification and determine the ranking of the most influential factors of the process. The users targeted by SAT are government land-use planners as well as desertification experts. SAT tool is implemented for five case studies, each one of them representing a desertification syndrome identified in Spain. Given the general nature of the tool and the fact that all United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) signatory countries are committed to developing their National Plans to Combat Desertification (NPCD), SAT could be exported to regions threatened by desertification and expanded to cover more case studies. ; This work was funded by TRAGSATEC Public Enterprise on behalf of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Environment under Contract 23.674. The generic desertification model was developed under the umbrella of DeSurvey IP (European Commission FP6 Contract no. 003950). The paper was written within the framework of the project BIODESERT, funded by the European Research Council (ERC Grant agreement no. ...