Suchergebnisse

This volume, orginally published in 1925, outlines the historical development of the Muslim law of inheritance in pre-Islamic Law. It discusses the ranking of heirs and guardians, reforms introduced by Muhammad, subsequent development of the law, and rise of the orthodox schools.

The appointment of Eddie Jones as the England men's rugby union head coach in 2015 was significant because he was the first foreign-born individual to occupy this role. After sourcing 136 British newspaper articles published one week either side of Jones' official announcement for his appointment on 20th November 2015, this study identified three overarching themes for how narratives of this event were framed: (a) negativity and the loss of national identity; (b) positivity and need for cultural change underscored with conditional acceptance; and (c) declinism with the need for succession planning. Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, embodied cultural and symbolic capital were drawn upon to theorise how much of the media initially rejected Jones' appointment. The results indicated an overt and xenophobic 'Little Englander' narrative was first presented by some journalists based on Jones' perceived Australian habitus and capital not reflecting the cultural values attached to English rugby union. Even when reports were positive, binary 'one of our own/us' and 'outsider/them' narratives represented symbolic violence through a malign 'Little Englander' attitude, albeit one that is a more covert form of discrimination than has previously been reported. Recommendations for continued analyses that acknowledge temporality within this discipline are finally presented.

Ethiopia is challenged with a widening domestic wood supply gap and concurrent rapid population growth. Along with these developments, the population's growing purchasing power is driving the demand for wooden furniture. The majority of this demand is satisfied by small-scale enterprises. Adding to the domestic wood supply uncertainty, such enterprises are exposed to various challenges, such as infrastructural limitations, unfavourable market conditions, weak government support, or skill gaps, thereby hindering their development and often situating them in a subsistent and poor survival state. A development opportunity comes to light when considering that small-scale wooden furniture enterprises are linked to a critical natural resource base, exposed to growing markets, and mostly consist of individuals with an entrepreneurial vision. If guided effectively, this sector has the potential to drive an economic environment of innovative entrepreneurship, create skilful employment, and disseminate propulsive market signals towards wood suppliers. Collective action is a frequently discussed upgrading option for countering development barriers in the context of emerging economies and therefore, is explored as a potential upgrading mechanism. This study aims to develop a potential institutional model of collective action among small-scale enterprises in Hawassa, Ethiopia. The study follows the general procedure of a value chain analysis and frames the collective action model as a potential value chain upgrading strategy. As the target actor is poorly studied, an explorative and descriptive research approach is applied. In-depth interviews were conducted with 54 wooden furniture enterprises to gain insight into their value chain position and condition, cost structures, network ties, as well as challenges. Then, individual enterprises were asked to envision a desired collective action upgrading scenario. Several key informant interviews were also conducted with direct (internal) and indirect (external) value chain actors ...

My project, Armed and Dangerous: The Ascendance of the National Rifle Association focuses on the history of the National Rifle Association (NRA). I attempt to chart the NRA's progression from a fairly apolitical organization into the vitriolic, single issue lobbying/business group that it has been since 1977. My first chapter provides an overview of the NRA in its contemporary iteration. My second chapter will focus on the social and cultural myths that have allowed the NRA to prosper in the face of harsh criticism. In this chapter, I also try to identify the ontological roots of the gun rights argument and I will also specifically examine the racialist thought regarding black and Native Americans that informs the current NRA position. My final chapter will examine whom the National Rifle Association actually represents: big businesses, gun owners, or something in-between. I utilize myriad newspaper articles, public addresses, general historical sources, and sources with theoretical frameworks useful in analyzing this organization (Imagined Communities by Benedict Anderson and Silencing the Past by Michel-Rolph Trouillot) while conducting my research. I intend for this project to contribute in providing a better understanding of the cultural identities and beliefs that have allowed this organization to monopolize the Second Amendment. My research has illuminated that facts are not important to how the NRA is conducted, both publicly and privately. Instead, it capitalizes off of latent cultural and nationalistic identities, beliefs that appear to invoke more visceral reactions than facts. I believe that by analyzing the National Rifle Association and its constituency through Anderson's lens of imagined communities, the mysterious success of the National Rifle Association will become demystified.

"Investors' option-implied fear measures - implied volatility (ATMIV) and put-call implied volatility ratios (P/C) - lead key macroeconomic variables such as industrial capacity utilization and short term interest rates by up to eight quarters. We show that this interaction between fear indices, real activity, and policy variables arises in an equilibrium model where investors learn about the trend-growth regimes of economic data, and the central bank uses a learning-based Taylor rule. The model endogenously generates several time series properties of option prices including the counter (pro) cyclicality of ATMIV (P/C), the V-shape (inverse V-shape) relation between ATMIV (P/C) and monetary policy variables, the positive relation between the level and absolute changes in ATMIV, and an economically significant amount of time variation in the volatility premium"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site