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Named one of the most important nonfiction books of the 21st century by Entertainment Weekly' Slate' Chronicle of Higher Education' Literary Hub, Book Riot' and Zora A tenth-anniversary edition of the iconic bestseller—"one of the most influential books of the past 20 years," according to the Chronicle of Higher Education—with a new preface by the author "It is in no small part thanks to Alexander's account that civil rights organizations such as Black Lives Matter have focused so much of their energy on the criminal justice system." —Adam Shatz, London Review of Books Seldom does a book have the impact of Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow. Since it was first published in 2010, it has been cited in judicial decisions and has been adopted in campus-wide and community-wide reads; it helped inspire the creation of the Marshall Project and the new $100 million Art for Justice Fund; it has been the winner of numerous prizes, including the prestigious NAACP Image Award; and it has spent nearly 250 weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. Most important of all, it has spawned a whole generation of criminal justice reform activists and organizations motivated by Michelle Alexander's unforgettable argument that "we have not ended racial caste in America; we have merely redesigned it." As the Birmingham News proclaimed, it is "undoubtedly the most important book published in this century about the U.S." Now, ten years after it was first published, The New Press is proud to issue a tenth-anniversary edition with a new preface by Michelle Alexander that discusses the impact the book has had and the state of the criminal justice reform movement today.

"En este revolucionario trabajo que ha permanecido por mas de dos anos en la lista de los libros mas vendidos del New York Times, Michelle Alexander argumenta que 'no hemos erradicado las castas raciales en Estados Unidos; las hemos meramente redisenado.' Al apuntar a hombres negros por medio de la Guerra contra las Drogas y diezmando las comunidades de gente de color, el sistema de justicia criminal de Estados Unidos funciona como un sistema contemporaneo de control racial-al relegar a millones de personas a un estatus de segunda clase-incluso mientras este se adhiere al principio de ceguera para los colores. Los hispanoamericanos estan ampliamente representados en este sistema de encarcelamiento masivo que Alexander describe: 15 por ciento de todos los latinos en Estados Unidos dicen que ellos o alguien de su familia inmediata ha sido arrestado dentro de los ultimos cinco anos; y que cerca del 25 por ciento de los latinos de entre 18 y 29 anos comparten esta experiencia. Los latinos representan cerca de la mitad de todos los convictos en las prisiones federales, y en California (uno de los pocos estados que cuenta con informacion sobre esto), los latinos componen un 40 por ciento de todos los arrestos. Catedraticos tales como Tom Romero han sugerido que The New Jim Crow provee de los fundamentos esenciales para comprender el 'nuevo sistema Jim Crow' de inmigracion y detencion en los Estados Unidos al dia de hoy. Millones de familias de habla hispana afectadas por este sistema apreciaran contar con una edicion en espanol de este libro que ha sido considerado como 'invaluable' por el Daily Kos y 'explosivo' por Kirkus Reviews"--

Michelle Alexander enseigne le droit à l'Université d'Etat de l'Ohio, après une carrière d'avocate spécialisée dans les civil rights , aussi bien dans les milieux activistes de défense des libertés fondamentales (elle a dirigé le Racial Justice Project de l'ACLU – American Civil Liberties Union – en Californie du Nord) que dans un cabinet d'avocats où elle était spécialisée dans les actions de groupe contre des cas de discriminations raciales et de genre. Elle a publié en 2010 The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness qui est devenu un best-seller et a relancé le débat aux Etats-Unis sur la sur-incarcération des hommes noirs. Si le fait est connu depuis longtemps, et étudié, l'argument central de l'ouvrage d'Alexander est qu'il ne s'agit pas d'un effet pervers de la politique pénale, mais au contraire d'une forme insidieuse de reconstitution, sous d'autres formes, de la ségrégation raciale abolie par les lois des droits civils dans les années 1960 ( civil rights act ). Pour de nombreux Afro-Américains et plus largement pour l'ensemble de la société étatsunienne, ce livre a provoqué une véritable onde de choc à travers tout le pays, qui a permis de fonder et de donner corps à un plaidoyer contre un système pénal injuste et impitoyable vis-à-vis des hommes noirs. L'article publié ici est initialement paru en 2010, au moment de la sortie du livre The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness dans la revue The American Prospect .

Intro -- FOREWORD -- INTRODUCTION: EVERYBODY LOVES PRISON REFORM -- 1 YOUR HOME IS YOUR PRISON -- 2 LOCKED DOWN IN "TREATMENT" -- 3 CONFINED IN "COMMUNITY" -- 4 POLICING PARENTHOOD -- 5 COMMUNITIES AS OPEN-AIR PRISONS -- 6 YOUR SCHOOL IS YOUR PRISON -- 7 BEYOND ALTERNATIVES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- INDEX.

Intro -- FOREWORD Michelle Alexander -- PROLOGUE -- 1 NOW WHAT? -- 2 LAND OF OPPORTUNITY -- 3 DADDY'S GIRL -- 4 HIT THE ROAD -- 5 THE SACRIFICE -- 6 THINGS YOU DON'T TALK ABOUT -- 7 THE LIFE -- 8 FROM THE SKILLET TO THE FRYING PAN -- 9 NO JUSTICE, NO PEACE -- 10 A NEW DRUG -- 11 INCARCERATION NATION -- 12 COLLATERAL DAMAGE -- 13 THE REVOLVING DOOR -- 14 THE VICIOUS CYCLE -- 15 HURT PEOPLE -- 16 A TALE OF TWO SYSTEMS -- 17 A WAY OUT -- 18 FINDING PURPOSE -- 19 A NEW WAY OF LIFE -- 20 THE WALL OF NO -- 21 WHO'S PROFITING FROM OUR PAIN? -- 22 WOMEN AND PRISON -- 23 A KINDRED SPIRIT -- 24 TAKING FOOD OFF THE TABLE -- 25 BROKE LEG HOUSE -- 26 FROM TRASH TO TREASURE -- 27 ALL OF US OR NONE -- 28 TREATING THE SYMPTOMS AND THE DISEASE -- 29 THE MEANING OF LIFE -- 30 THE WOMEN FROM ORANGE COUNTY -- 31 BEING BEHOLDEN -- 32 LIVING AN IMPOSSIBLE LIFE -- 33 THE HOUSE THAT DISCRIMINATION BUILT -- 34 WOMEN ORGANIZING FOR JUSTICE AND OPPORTUNITY -- 35 WHAT WOULD MS. SYBIL BRAND THINK? -- 36 WITHOUT REPRESENTATION -- 37 PROP 47 -- 38 THE MOVEMENT -- 39 THE ARC BENDS TOWARD JUSTICE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- FURTHER READING -- SUGGESTED RESOURCES -- NOTES -- READING GROUP GUIDE -- copyright.

This paper explores the impact of changing religious political rule on subsistence within a single city through time using stable isotope analysis of human and animal bone collagen. The diet and economy of the medieval city of Valencia (Spain) are examined over a 1000-year period during successive periods of Visigothic, Muslim and Christian rule. Bulk stable isotope analysis of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) was carried out on 67 humans and 47 animals sampled from several archaeological sites dating between the fifth and fifteenth centuries AD. Terrestrial C3 resources dominated the diet in all periods. However, an increase in consumption of C4 plants (e.g. millet, sorghum) and/or marine resources is detected among individuals dating to the Islamic period. Differences in the isotopic values of humans and animals between the three periods indicate a significant dietary diversity during the Islamic phases (eleventh to thirteenth century), compared with the earlier Visigothic phase (fifth–seventh century) and the later Christian phase (fourteenth and fifteenth century). Observed diachronic changes in isotopic results provide evidence for a shift in diet and subsistence, particularly during the Muslim and later Christian periods. This is linked with change in population and economic focus. Dietary diversity among Muslim individuals is hypothesised to indicate the polyculture that was reflected in varied Islamic agricultural practices and the presence of potential migrants from elsewhere in the Islamic world.

The Medieval period in Europe was a time of unprecedented social complexity and significant social and political change that had an impact on human diets. The present study aims to use stable isotope analysis from bone proteins to explore the diets of humans (n = 76) and fauna (n = 5) from the Medieval town of Leopoli-Cencelle (VT, Italy). The town was occupied between the 9th–15th centuries CE, however, the analysed remains date to the Late Medieval period (12th–15th centuries CE). Historical sources provide some information about the inhabitants of this community: the majority of the population was represented by craftsmen and traders, but farmers and shepherds were also present. To date, no biomolecular data regarding this community have been published. The results indicated an increase of 3–5‰ in δ15N values of humans compared to animals, reflecting a high trophic-level. The δ13C results indicated that animal and human diet was mainly based on C3 terrestrial resources, although three humans possessed an isotopic signature indicative of C4 plant consumption. No statistically significant differences between sexes or age groups (adults vs juveniles) were detected. The isotopic results were further placed in their regional and chronological context, adding valuable data to our understanding of diet and food distribution during the Medieval period in Italy.

Sicily, during the 9th-12th century AD, thrived politically, economically, and culturally under Islamic political rule and the capital of Palermo stood as a cultural and political centre in the Mediterranean Islamic world. However, to what extent the lifeways of the people that experienced these regimes were impacted during this time is not well understood, particularly those from lesser studied rural contexts. This paper presents the first organic residue analysis of 134 cooking pots and other domestic containers dating to the 9th -12th century in order to gain new insights into the culinary practices during this significant period. Ceramics from three sites in the urban capital of Palermo and from the rural town of Casale San Pietro were analysed and compared. The multi-faceted organic residue analysis identified a range of commodities including animal products, vegetables, beeswax, pine and fruit products in the ceramics, with a complex mixing of resources observed in many cases, across all four sites and ceramic forms. Alongside the identification of commodities and how they were combined, new light has been shed on the patterning of resource use between these sites. The identification of dairy products in calcite wares from the rural site of Casale San Pietro and the absence of dairy in ceramics from the urban centre of Palermo presents interesting questions regarding the role of rural sites in food consumption and production in Islamic Sicily. This is the first time organic residue analysis of ceramics has been used to explore foodways in a medieval multi-faith society and offers new pathways to the understanding of pottery use and resources that were prepared, consumed and combined, reflecting cuisine in different socio-economic environments within the pluralistic population of medieval Sicily.

Objectives: During the Middle Ages, Portugal witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic and religious changes under transitioning religious political rule. The implications of changing ruling powers for urban food systems and individual diets in medieval Portugal is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the dietary impact of the Islamic and Christian conquests. Materials and Methods: Radiocarbon dating, peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS) and stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N) of animal (n = 59) and human skeletal remains (n = 205) from Muslim and Christian burials were used to characterize the diet of a large historical sample from Portugal. A Bayesian stable isotope mixing model (BSIMM) was used to estimate the contribution of marine protein to human diet. Results: Early medieval (8–12th century), preconquest urban Muslim populations had mean (±1SD) values of −18.8 ± 0.4 ‰ for δ13C 10.4 ± 1 ‰ for δ15N, indicating a predominantly terrestrial diet, while late medieval (12–14th century) postconquest Muslim and Christian populations showed a greater reliance on marine resources with mean (±1SD) values of −17.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ13C and 11.1 ± 1.1‰ for δ15N. BSIMM estimation supported a significant increase in the contribution of marine resources to human diet. Discussion: The results provide the first biomolecular evidence for a dietary revolution that is not evidenced in contemporaneous historical accounts. We find that society transitioned from a largely agro-pastoral economy under Islamic rule to one characterized by a new focus on marine resources under later Christian rule. This economic change led to the naissance of the marine economy that went on to characterize the early-modern period in Portugal and its global expansion. ; publishersversion ; published