This study is intended to discuss and compare the presidential threshold in the perspective of constitutional democracy. The president is the head of government who is directly elected by the people. The election of president and vice president is one of the prerequisite procedures for the successful implementation of a country's government. In accordance with the basis of the 1945 Constitution that Indonesia is based on a constitution that contains democratic principles, it is implied in Article 6A of the 1945 Constitution, then the requirements are regulated in Law No. 7 of 2017. In simultaneous elections, the constitutional right of every citizen to nominate himself as president and vice president, which is implied in Article 222 of the Election Law is considered to limit the constitutional rights of every citizen.
Background: Freedom of expression is still a problem in the implementation of democracy in Indonesia. Amnesty noted that throughout 2020 there were 132 cases of alleged violations of the right to freedom of expression using the ITE Law with a total of 156 victims, among them 18 activists and four journalists. In 2021, there have been 56 similar cases with a total of 62 victims. Aim: This research aims to discuss Indonesia's reformation along with its obstacle throughout the years. Method: This study used a qualitative approach and a case study. The data was gathered from a number of different places. The sources explore the challenges that Indonesia has faced in its reformation over the years. Findings: The ITE Act is still needed to prevent and punish crime in the digital world. However, there are several articles in this Law that need to be revised because there are multi-interpretation articles, rubber articles, and semantic improvements of several articles to be better. If it is not immediately revised, then the public will be afraid to convey criticism for fear of making the critic's party entangled in the punishment of libel and defamation charges.
A river is a natural water flow that flows from upstream to downstream. Sekadau River is located in the middle of Sekadau city to be precise in Mungguk Village, the center of urban growth. The existence of a river flow that crossed the city made many changes occurring in the Sekadau River corridor, this was due to the large number of settlements in the riverbank area which resulted in a decrease in river water quality. The purposes of this study were to analyze landscape conditions, prepare recommendations based on SWOT analysis and spatial analysis. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative with analysis methods, namely SWOT analysis and spatial analysis. The result of this study, based on a SWOT analysis, showed that there was community-based management in coordination with the government, the community and the private sector. Spatial analysis showed that the land cover of the Sekadau River was still dominated by vegetation along the riverbanks, but the problem was in the estuary which had become a settlement. At the bottom of the river, there was a stepping stone corridor, in the middle there was a linear corridor and at the top of the river there was a linear corridor.
Study of Ecotourism Management in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency. The concept of ecotourism is one alternative to develop an area into a tourist destination that pays attention to environmental sustainability by utilizing the potential of natural and cultural resources of the local community.Therefore, the existence of the concept of ecotourism can ensure the preservation of nature and its ecosystem. This study aims to: 1) Identify the potential and problems in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency, 2) Identify the feasibility level of ecotourism in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, MalangRegency, and 3) Develop a strategy for developing ecotourism areas in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency. Collecting data in this study using survey methods (observations and interviews), literature study and documentation methods. Analysis of the data used, namely: first qualitative descriptive analysis, second feasibility analysis based on the Guidelines (ADO-ODTWA) of the Director General of PHKA 2003 and the last is SWOT analysis. The results showed that: 1) The potential of natural resources in the ecotourism area of Bendosari Village, namely: the potential for flora and fauna, the potential for naturetourism, the potential for educational tourism, the potential for craft tourism and the potential for cultural tourism. The problems of ecotourism in Bendosari Village include the low quality of human resources, limited funds and the role of the Malang Regency Government which has not been active. 2) Ecotourism inBendosari Village is feasible to be developed as a tourist attraction with the results of the Guideline assessment (ADO-ODTWA) of 82.71%. 3) The strategy for developing Ecotourism in Bendosari Village is an expansion strategy (supporting offensive strategies) with alternative strategies that include: maximizing thedevelopment of ecotourism packages, empowering local communities in ecotourism activities, increasing security in tourist attractions, and maximizing tourism potential management.
A city will develop physically and socio-culture. The Center of the city is a public space, which is the center for all activities of the urban community, whether they are political, social, or economic. Alun-Alun of Malang city consists of locations that are unique to one another. The conditions created in the Alun-Alun generate perceptions and preferences for visitors in assessing aspects to give an opinion regarding the design of the Alun-Alun of Malang city. This study aims to explain people's perceptions and preferences of Alun-Alun of Malang city, describes the design of the Square based on perceptions and preferences. This research was conducted in Alun-Alun of Malang city at Merdeka Selatan, Kauman, Klojen District. The method used in this research is the quantitative descriptive analysis method. Processing and analysis of respondent questionnaire data using Chi-Square analysis test. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between gender on the perceptions and preferences of visitors to aesthetic beauty and recreation areas, elements of flowering plants, pool elements, and round plant crown shapes. Recommendations for the management Alun-Alun of Malang city in terms of the value of the equation are 75% of respondents want Alun-Alun of Malang city to be arranged regularly or with various types of plants, 73.33% of respondents want a square with a garden that has flowering plants/trees and 61.67% as a place of recreation.A city will develop physically and socio-culture. The Center of the city as a public space, which is the center for all activities of the urban community, whether they are political, social or economic. Alun-alun of Malang city consists of locations that are unique to one another. The conditions created in the Alun-alun generate perceptions and preferences for visitors in assessing aspects to give an opinion regarding the design of the Alun-alun of Malang city. This study aims to explain people's perceptions and preferences of Alun-alun of Malang city, describes the design of the Square based on perceptions and preferences. This research was conducted in Alun-alun of Malang city at Merdeka Selatan, Kauman, Klojen District. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis method. Processing and analysis of respondent questionnaire data using Chi-Square analysis test. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between gender on the perceptions and preferences of visitors to aesthetic beauty and recreation areas, elements of flowering plants, pool elements, and round plant crown shapes. Recommendations for the management Alun-alun of Malang city in terms of the value of the equation are 75% of respondents want Alun-alun of Malang city to be arranged regularly or with various types of plants, 73.33% of respondents want a square with a garden that has flowering plants / trees and 61.67% as a place of recreation.
Riverbank settlements tend to have slum environments found in urban areas. Many factors such as land use change, increasing demand, population growth urges the use of urban space as residential land. Currently in the city of Malang; as a research location; has many settlements on the banks of the river, such as along the Brantas river, namely in Betek, around Tarekot (city recreation park) and Jodipan. Many efforts from the government to change the values and perceptions of the community to have a positive connotation, with thematic village programs. This relationship is reciprocity and formed the concept of tourist villages, such as the Kampung Warna Warni and the Kampung Biru Arema (KBA). This village has an identity which has the blue nuance as an icon of the Arema football club. This village successfully built the economy of the local population but also left a negative footprint on the environment. For example, visitor behavior that does not dispose of trash in its place or a mismatch of planning applications to visitor behavior. Its influence certainly has an impact on the environmental health of the KBA community itself. This study aims to determine the pattern of visitor behavior towards KBA locations and environmental conservation efforts. The study was conducted qualitatively with the behavior mapping method and time budget, and associated with the concept of sustainable landscapes for environmental health. The results of this study are recommendations for the use of environmentally responsive open space in accordance with the behavior of visitors to tourist attractions.
