Suchergebnisse

In this article, we analyze to what extent cultural diversity brought about by immigrants affects economic activity of the Spanish provinces. To do that, we use panel data techniques that treat cultural diversity as an endogenous variable and account for spatial linkages. The dual nature of immigrants in Spain, that is, working and retired migration, is also considered in our regressions. The outcomes reveal that greater cultural diversity stimulates the economic activity of the Spanish provinces, these gains being reinforced in the case of labor-active migrant and for richer provinces. Our results are robust to diverse specifications, estimation methods, and samples.

AbstractThis paper uses the Granger non‐causality test procedure developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lütkepohl (1996) to analyse the saving‐growth nexus in Mexico. Contrary to the reverse causation between national saving and domestic income found in recent empirical studies, evidence is presented in favour of Solow's model prediction that higher saving leads to higher economic growth. The confirmation of a saving‐growth nexus in this country seems to be related to the inclusion of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the model, as the most relevant component of foreign saving. As this study will try to show, this last variable enhances economic growth and reinforces the connection between the two focus variables in the analysed country. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This paper uses the Granger non-causality test procedure developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lütkepohl (1996) to analyse the saving-growth nexus in Mexico. Contrary to the reverse causation between national saving and domestic income found in recent empirical studies, evidence is presented in favour of Solow's model prediction that higher saving leads to higher economic growth. The confirmation of a saving-growth nexus in this country seems to be related to the inclusion of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the model, as the most relevant component of foreign saving. (InWent/DÜI)

The openness-growth connection is still an open question in the empirical literature. Although some studies have found that openness has a positive impact on economic performance, others have seriously questioned the significance of this result. The main point that we try to emphasise in this paper is that openness involves more than just trade liberalisation. The increasing importance of international capital flows and especially foreign direct investment (FDI) seems to be another relevant component of outward oriented policies. Therefore, by using quarterly data from the late seventies to 2000, we investigate the effects of liberalisation in Mexico, Brazil and Argentina by taking into account trade and FDI growth links. The results suggest that it is important to consider both exports and FDI to ascertain the benefits associated to the outward oriented strategies followed by these countries. (Original abstract)

In this paper, we use firm-level data to investigate how different host country characteristics affect the decision of Spanish multinational firms to locate in developing and transition countries, and whether these determinants change when looking at manufacturing or services firms. As a methodological novelty, we estimate both standard conditional logit models as well as other discrete choice models that allow us to account for the possibility that firms perceive some alternative destinations as being more similar (nested and mixed logit models). A better understanding of the relevance of local factors that determine the competitiveness of these economies in providing multinational firms with location advantages can guide policymakers in their attempt to attract foreign capital flows. This, however, has not been previously addressed by the empirical literature at a firm level and across sectors. Our results suggest that Spanish investments in developing and transition economies are mainly driven by market-seeking factors. They also confirm the relevance of the business and financial climate in the location decision of multinational firms. Finally, the estimations reveal differences between manufacturing and services foreign direct investments in several local factors, such as the agglomeration effects, skilled labour and financial risk ; The authors thank the anonymous referees and editor for their helpful comments. Suggestions from B. Sánchez-Robles and J. A. Máñez are also acknowledged. In addition, the authors are grateful for financial support from European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) – grant agreement No. FP7-SSH- 612955 (FinMaP), the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER (ECO2014-58975-P), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/054), and the University Jaume I (UJI-B2016-53).

As a consequence of the increasing globalization and integration of the world's markets, there has been an intensive process of international fragmentation of the production over the last few decades. This phenomenon whereby previously integrated productive activities are segmented and internationally spread is reflected in the rapid increase in parts and components trade, growing at higher rates than final goods trade. In this process, the Western Balkan countries (WBC) have not been an exception. With their recent integration into the global markets, the WBC have witnessed growth in parts and components trade that has even exceeded the world average. This paper examines the determinants of the trade that stems from the international fragmentation of production in the WBC. Using a panel data set of disaggregated bilateral trade flows, we estimate gravity equations for the period 2000-2009. Our findings support the hypothesis drawn from the theory of fragmentation that trade in parts and components is motivated by labor cost differences and by geographical and proximity reasons. The relevance of additional service link costs, as well as the influence of institutional similarity and infrastructure quality or political-economic agreements is also confirmed by our empirical research.