Suchergebnisse

The financial sector in Bangladesh remains at an early stage of development. It needs to be strengthened and invigorated so it can fulfill its dual role of reducing poverty and promoting economic growth. This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the financial sector in Bangladesh and pinpoints areas of weakness in its subsectors. Broad reforms to the sector and complementary parallel reforms are set out.

The financial sector in Bangladesh remains at an early stage of development. It needs to be strengthened and invigorated so it can fulfill its dual role of reducing poverty and promoting economic growth. This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the financial sector in Bangladesh and pinpoints areas of weakness in its subsectors. Broad reforms to the sector and complementary parallel reforms are set out.

Children are an integral part of any society as they are not born to work but to study. Unfortunately children are facing hindrance either in economic term or in social term that forced them into labor work. Getting better idea of the real determinants of child labor can only provide the better policy options to tackle this menace. The major objective of the study is to highlight the supply-side determinants of child-labor in case of Punjab, Pakistan. Using data of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2007-08 for Punjab, the study examined the supply side determinants of child labor in Punjab. A binary logistic model was used for empirical analysis. Major findings of the study unveiled that although, low family income, family size, and physical access to the institutions are pushing children to child labor but more significantly mother's education and household head's education are the major factors that force parents to put their children to work. In line with aforementioned findings, some suitable policy implications were given for government to counter this substantial barrier to the nation's growth.

In our daily life we see many children under the age of 14 working on the streets, which is school going age, but due to lack of resources, huge family size, illiteracy, poverty and other reason they are compel to work rather than going school. The purpose of the research was to determine the status of child labor in District Malir. Study shows out that most of the children belong to Sindhi and Balochi ethnic group. Majority of children were boys. Majority of the children were illiterate and belong to those families where their parents are labor, disable, drug addicted, bagger, unemployed and elderly. In few cases the children were orphans and they didn't have any other source of income that's why they were compelled to do their work and play the part of bread winner for their families. Due to working environment and working hour these children don't have the time for playing game and other physical healthy activities. Not only government but also different NGO's are working for the welfare of these children at the national level. Overall scenario shows children are in bad condition. Education is the crucial need that should be considered.

South Asia is one of most densely populated region in the world. Currently, 28.33% of the South Asian population lives in urban areas, with an annual growth rate of 2.92%. Shifting of jobs from agriculture to industry and the concentration of economic opportunities in urban areas are causing tremendous increase in urbanisation in the region, which is seriously affecting the environment, and poses strong challenges to governments in terms of the infrastructure and services. In this article, we will give an overview of urbanisation problems in South Asia. We will also suggest some key interventions for sustainable development in the region. Urbanisation problems in South Asia are manifested in the form of lopsided urbanisation and faulty urban planning with poor economic base. Urban poverty has been increasing in the region, resulting in the growth of a massive number of slums. As a manifestation of social injustice and the social divide, slums exclude the poor from accessing the basic amenities. South Asia has the highest regional urbanisation of poverty at any given overall urbanisation. Concerted government efforts with long-term commitment at the highest political levels are required to reduce urban poverty and deprivation. The way cities are growing in the region is not at all sustainable, with a clear imbalance between economic, environmental, socio-political and technological aspects. Sustainable communities can be established by focusing on social and human development programmes to develop intangible assets in the community such as inclusion, tolerance, public participation, and democratic governance, which do not depreciate through use but rather become more valuable the more they are used. Place matters in different ways, which have yet to be fully appreciated and incorporated into how planners teach place. But it needs to directly adopt the Bottom-up Approach to provide solutions for the problems going on in the cities of the region. More participatory methodologies need to be adopted, while taking decisions about urban space. The future of urban sustainability can only succeed when there is integration of environmental thinking into mainstream economic and development decisions with knowledge based strategic urban planning as well as urban pedagogy.