Suchergebnisse

This study researches the possibilities of improving export receipts through China and its expressed dedication to the region's development. Using the gravity approach, the study revealed that the Caribbean has yet to exploit available export opportunities with China, thereby warranting a more aggressive and sustained export strategy. A large portion of the region's exports into China offers significant expansion possibilities. Despite largely unexplored opportunities, the Caribbean is also confronted by various inherent and external challenges. With significant declines in export feasibility, the Caribbean needs to develop an aggressive export-led strategy for a united Caribbean into China. However, caution is warranted when advancing international trade policies. At present, the Caribbean is unable to engender long-standing trade relations to strengthen the dealings with a newer, though growing, partner.

© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Motivations behind a country's importation of waste are categorized into the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and the resource hunting hypothesis (RHH). The importation of wastes can lead to environmental sustainability concerns, requiring governments to intervene when the market fails to reduce the negative externalities by strengthening and implementing environmental regulations. Motivated by China's position within a rapidly growing but environmentally damaging sector of trade, this paper has three goals: (1) to classify the primary hypothesis that governs China's flow of traded wastes; (2) to verify the heterogeneous impact of the pollution paradise motivation and resource demand motivation of waste imports from developed and developing countries, and across industries; (3) to assess the impact of domestic environmental regulations on the motives behind China's waste imports. Using 28 imported waste-varieties from 20 of China's major trade partners across 24 years, findings indicate that the flow of Chinese waste imports is relatively unresponsive under the pollution haven effect. However, the resource hunting effect from developing countries is significantly greater than what originates from developed countries, despite the laws of 2011 and 2017 established to restrict resource hunting activities. These results have important implications for improving the efficiency of China's waste sorting and recycling systems.