Suchergebnisse

Organizing interests in Western Europe is part of the third wave of interest group studies to appear since the development of professional political science at the turn of the century. The first wave was mainly an American phenomenon; the second an effort to export interest group studies to Europe and elsewhere as part of a movement intended to encourage greater realism and less ideologism in European and comparative political studies. The Organizing Interests team has produced a useful book focused in substantial part on the theme of neocorporatism. The authors have not connected their work with the substantial body of earlier interest group research.

Opinion reactions to recent developments in space technology may affect the policies & politics of the major participants in the internat pol'al system. There can be little question that any effort to speculate intelligently about the effects of developments in space. technology should concern itself with P O. According to the results of surveys on a number of selected topics, signif tendencies in US opinion in the post-sputnik era are: awareness of foreign & defence problems; awareness of Amer vulnerability; shock, in the short run, at Soviet sci'ific & technological process; & a greater sense of urgency to continue East-West negotiations; but subsequent recovery from the loss of confidence in the conduct of US foreign policy. Concerning predictions of future P 0 it may be argued that bomb-carrying satellites would be greeted at first with anxiety, & then gradually assimilated into the monstrous fam of threats & deterrents among which it is the fate of modern man to live. IPSA.

The first res planning session of the Committee on Comparative Politics of the SSRC was held on April 5-10, 1957 at Stanford, Calif. The participants included a number of scholars planning field work on interest groups in various countries of Europe, South America, Asia & the Middle East. It was agreed that it would be a mistake to turn to the comparative study of interest groups with the hope that these rather than parties or gov'al institutions would yield the principles of discrimination between types of pol'al systems. The goal of res should not be the discovery of some single `crucial institution', but rather to discover the complex interrelations between interest groups, PO, pol'al parties & formal gov'al institutions which characterize pol'al systems as wholes. Several types of pol'al systems were defined in terms of the nature & function of interest groups In the Anglo-American 2-party system, the functions of parties & of interest groups are sharply differentiated; in France & Italy, the 2 functions tend to be confused, with the result that the 'raw' demands of specific interests find expression in the legislative process & lead to paralysis. The Scandinavian type of multi-party system is intermediate between the 2; in Asia & the Middle East, neither parties nor interest groups are fully differentiated, & the latter take Westernized forms in the Ur areas & traditional forms of lineage, caste, status & religious groups in the countryside. Despite the great diff's between these diff types of systems, the participants were agreed that comparative studies are possible & profitable provided the monographic studies all follow a similar pattern. IPSA.

IN TESTING POLITICAL CULTURE THEORY IN COMMUNIST COUNTRIES IT IS USEFUL TO SORT THEM INTO THREE CATEGORIES: (1) THE SOVIET UNION ITSELF WHERE THE COMMUNIST "EXPERIMENT" BEGAN AND WAS CARRIED THROUGH BY AN INDIGENOUS COMMUNIST ELITE; (2) OTHER COUNTRIES SUCH AS YUGOSLAVIA, CHINA, CUBA, AND VIETNAM WHERE THE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION WAS IMPORTED AND CARRIED OUT BY INDIGENOUS ELITES; AND (3) COUNTRIES SUCH AS POLAND, HUNGARY, CZECHOSLOVAKIA, ROMANIA, AND EAST GERMANY WHERE COMMUNIST REGIMES WERE IMPOSED FROM THE OUTSIDE. FOR OUR PURPOSES IN THIS PAPER WE WILL EXAMINE BRIEFLY THE EXPERIENCE OF (1) THE SOVIET UNION, (2) YUGOSLAVIA AND CUBA, AND (3) POLAND, HUNGARY, AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA. IF POLITICAL CULTURE THEORY IS TO BE FALSIFIED, WE WOULD EXPECT TO SEE MAJOR CHANGE IN POLITICAL CULTURE IN THE DESIRED DIRECTION IN ALL THREE CATEGORIES AND TO A LARGER DEGREE IN THE CASE OF THE SOVIET UNION BECAUSE ITS REVOLUTION WAS INDIGENOUS AND HAS BEEN IN OPERATION MORE THAN SIXTY YEARS.

Enthält Rezensionen u.a. von Almond, G. A.: The civic culture : political attitudes and democracy in five nations / G. A. Almond and S. Verba. - Princeton, NJ : Princeton Univ. Press, 1963. + Almond, G. A.: The civic culture revisited / G. A. Almond and S. Verba. - London : Sage, 1989