Suchergebnisse

Cet article présente et décrit le contenu d'une base de données construite à partir d'une enquête menée dans le gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, situé dans le centre de la Tunisie. Sur ce territoire en transition, le secteur agricole, qui tient une place prédominante dans l'activité économique, est caractérisé par la diversité de ses exploitations, aussi bien sur le plan organisationnel (main-d'oeuvre familiale ou salariée à dominante féminine) que technique (présence d'infrastructure d'irrigation, de culture sous-abri). Sur le plan des orientations technico-économiques, les cultures arboricoles et maraîchères se développent quand d'autres cultures plus traditionnelles persistent (oléiculture, céréaliculture). Des politiques publiques récentes ont également encouragé l'élevage laitier. Berceau de la révolution du Jasmin en 2010, Sidi-Bouzid fait face à des difficultés économiques et sociales. Dans ce contexte, l'agriculture a un rôle essentiel pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire de la population. L'objectif de cette enquête était d'identifier les liens existants entre la structure, le fonctionnement et les performances des exploitations agricoles, et la sécurité alimentaire des femmes adultes du territoire. Les revenus individuels des membres du ménage, l'autoconsommation de produits agricoles, et l'autonomie des femmes peuvent aussi jalonner ce chemin d'impact. En effet, le développement du salariat peut permettre aux femmes d'accroître leur autonomie, privilégiant ainsi, à travers la maîtrise de leurs dépenses, leurs besoins alimentaires et ceux du ménage auquel elles appartiennent. L'enquête est articulée autour de trois questionnaires. Cinq cent soixante-quinze femmes, sélectionnées aléatoirement à partir d'un échantillon représentatif des femmes de 20 à 49 ans du gouvernorat de Sidi-Bouzid, 575 chefs de ménages et 316 chefs d'exploitations ont répondu aux questionnaires. La collecte a été réalisée sur questionnaire papier, en entretien face-à-face en décembre 2015. Les données ont été ensuite saisies et contrôlées sur le logiciel EpiData, avant d'être nettoyées sur le logiciel Stata. Les données sont disponibles sur le lien doi:10.18167/DVN1/LWT7BG. ; This paper presents and describes the contents of a database built from a survey conducted in central Tunisia in the governorate of Sidi-Bouzid. In this evolving region, the agricultural sector, which occupies a predominant place in economic activity, is characterized by the diversity of its farms, both at the organizational level (family or salaried workforce predominantly female) and technical (presence of irrigation infrastructure, under-cover cultivation). In terms of technical and economic orientations, tree crops and market gardening develop when other more traditional crops persist (olive cultivation, cereal farming). Recent public policies have also encouraged dairy farming. Cradle of the Jasmin revolution in 2010, Sidi-Bouzid faces economic and social difficulties. In this context, agriculture has a key role in ensuring food security for population. The objective of this survey was to identify the links between the structure, functioning and performance of farms and the food security of adult women in the territory. Individual incomes of household members, self-consumption of agricultural products, and women empowerment may also punctuate this impact pathway. Indeed, women's income could increase their autonomy, thus favoring, through the control of their expenditure, their food needs and those of the household to which they belong. The survey is based on three questionnaires. A sample of 575 women, selected from a representative sample of 20 to 49-year-old women from the governorate of Sidi-Bouzid, 575 heads of households and 316 heads of farms responded to the questionnaires. The collection was carried out on a paper questionnaire in face-to-face interview in December 2015. The data were then entered and checked on the EpiData software before being exported and cleaned on the Stata software. data are available in following the link doi:10.18167/DVN1/LWT7BG.

There is increasing evidence of the multiple effects of diets on public health nutrition, society, and environment. Sustainability and food security are closely interrelated. The traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is recognized as a healthier dietary pattern with a lower environmental impact. As a case study, the MD may guide innovative inter-sectorial efforts to counteract the degradation of ecosystems, loss of biodiversity, and homogeneity of diets due to globalization through the improvement of sustainable healthy dietary patterns. This consensus position paper defines a suite of the most appropriate nutrition and health indicators for assessing the sustainability of diets based on the MD.; METHODS: In 2011, an informal International Working Group from different national and international institutions was convened. Through online and face-to-face brainstorming meetings over 4years, a set of nutrition and health indicators for sustainability was identified and refined.; RESULTS: Thirteen nutrition indicators of sustainability relating were identified in five areas. Biochemical characteristics of food (A1. Vegetable/animal protein consumption ratios; A2. Average dietary energy adequacy; A3. Dietary Energy Density Score; A4. Nutrient density of diet), Food Quality (A5. Fruit and vegetable consumption/intakes; A6. Dietary Diversity Score), Environment (A7. Food biodiversity composition and consumption; A8. Rate of Local/regional foods and seasonality; A9. Rate of eco-friendly food production and/or consumption), Lifestyle (A10. Physical activity/physical inactivity prevalence; A11. Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern), Clinical Aspects (A12. Diet-related morbidity/mortality statistics; A13. Nutritional Anthropometry). A standardized set of information was provided for each indicator: definition, methodology, background, data sources, limitations of the indicator, and references.; CONCLUSION: The selection and analysis of these indicators has been performed (where possible) with specific reference to the MD. Sustainability of food systems is an urgent priority for governments and international organizations to address the serious socioeconomic and environmental implications of short-sighted and short-term practices for agricultural land and rural communities. These proposed nutrition indicators will be a useful methodological framework for designing health, education, and agricultural policies in order, not only to conserve the traditional diets of the Mediterranean area as a common cultural heritage and lifestyle but also to enhance the sustainability of diets in general.