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Promotion de systèmes alimentaires durables en Méditerranée au service de la nutrition et de la santé. Séminaire Transversal MOISA : Systèmes Alimentaires en Méditerranée (SAM)

Promotion de systèmes alimentaires durables en Méditerranée au service de la nutrition et de la santé. Séminaire Transversal MOISA : Systèmes Alimentaires en Méditerranée (SAM)

The evaluation of public policies in the field of agricultural and agri-food products is mainly carried out in monetary terms (evaluation of the consumer/producer surplus). Concerning food security, this assessment is mainly done in terms of the quantity of food or caloric intake, possibly disaggregated in some main components (protein, fat, carbohydrates); but the analysis of national nutrient availability is rarely performed. The Reconcil project propose to build a coherent database reconciling, HS6 trade databases such as those of UN/COMTRADE or COMEXT (Eurostat) and food composition tables. This will allow the evaluate trade policies not only with traditional indicators but also to assess the impact on the coverage of people's nutritional needs. The database is available upon request.

There is increasing evidence of the multiple effects of diets on public health nutrition, society, and environment. Sustainability and food security are closely interrelated. The traditional Mediterranean Diet (MD) is recognized as a healthier dietary pattern with a lower environmental impact. As a case study, the MD may guide innovative inter-sectorial efforts to counteract the degradation of ecosystems, loss of biodiversity, and homogeneity of diets due to globalization through the improvement of sustainable healthy dietary patterns. This consensus position paper defines a suite of the most appropriate nutrition and health indicators for assessing the sustainability of diets based on the MD.; METHODS: In 2011, an informal International Working Group from different national and international institutions was convened. Through online and face-to-face brainstorming meetings over 4years, a set of nutrition and health indicators for sustainability was identified and refined.; RESULTS: Thirteen nutrition indicators of sustainability relating were identified in five areas. Biochemical characteristics of food (A1. Vegetable/animal protein consumption ratios; A2. Average dietary energy adequacy; A3. Dietary Energy Density Score; A4. Nutrient density of diet), Food Quality (A5. Fruit and vegetable consumption/intakes; A6. Dietary Diversity Score), Environment (A7. Food biodiversity composition and consumption; A8. Rate of Local/regional foods and seasonality; A9. Rate of eco-friendly food production and/or consumption), Lifestyle (A10. Physical activity/physical inactivity prevalence; A11. Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern), Clinical Aspects (A12. Diet-related morbidity/mortality statistics; A13. Nutritional Anthropometry). A standardized set of information was provided for each indicator: definition, methodology, background, data sources, limitations of the indicator, and references.; CONCLUSION: The selection and analysis of these indicators has been performed (where possible) with specific reference to the MD. Sustainability of food systems is an urgent priority for governments and international organizations to address the serious socioeconomic and environmental implications of short-sighted and short-term practices for agricultural land and rural communities. These proposed nutrition indicators will be a useful methodological framework for designing health, education, and agricultural policies in order, not only to conserve the traditional diets of the Mediterranean area as a common cultural heritage and lifestyle but also to enhance the sustainability of diets in general.